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"Cape Verde"
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Genomic Epidemiology of 2015–2016 Zika Virus Outbreak in Cape Verde
During 2015-2016, Cape Verde, an island nation off the coast of West Africa, experienced a Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak involving 7,580 suspected Zika cases and 18 microcephaly cases. Analysis of the complete genomes of 3 ZIKV isolates from the outbreak indicated the strain was of the Asian (not African) lineage. The Cape Verde ZIKV sequences formed a distinct monophylogenetic group and possessed 1-2 (T659A, I756V) unique amino acid changes in the envelope protein. Phylogeographic and serologic evidence support earlier introduction of this lineage into Cape Verde, possibly from northeast Brazil, between June 2014 and August 2015, suggesting cryptic circulation of the virus before the initial wave of cases were detected in October 2015. These findings underscore the utility of genomic-scale epidemiology for outbreak investigations.
Journal Article
Nitrogen fixation and nitrogenase (nifH) expression in tropical waters of the eastern North Atlantic
Expression of
nifH
in 28 surface water samples collected during fall 2007 from six stations in the vicinity of the Cape Verde Islands (north-east Atlantic) was examined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based clone libraries and quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis of seven diazotrophic phylotypes. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) rates and nutrient concentrations were determined for these stations, which were selected based on a range in surface chlorophyll concentrations to target a gradient of primary productivity. BNF rates greater than 6 nmolN l
−1
h
−1
were measured at two of the near-shore stations where high concentrations of Fe and PO
4
3−
were also measured. Six hundred and five
nifH
transcripts were amplified by RT-PCR, of which 76% are described by six operational taxonomic units, including
Trichodesmium
and the uncultivated UCYN-A, and four non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs that clustered with uncultivated
Proteobacteria
. Although all five cyanobacterial phylotypes quantified in RT-qPCR assays were detected at different stations in this study, UCYN-A contributed most significantly to the pool of
nifH
transcripts in both coastal and oligotrophic waters. A comparison of results from RT-PCR clone libraries and RT-qPCR indicated that a γ-proteobacterial phylotype was preferentially amplified in clone libraries, which underscores the need to use caution interpreting clone-library-based
nifH
studies, especially when considering the importance of uncultivated proteobacterial diazotrophs.
Journal Article
The dialogic nation of cape verde
The Dialogic Nation of Cape Verde: Slavery, Language, and Ideology is an ethnographic study of language use and ideology in Cape Verde, from its early settlement as a center for slave trade, to the postcolonial present. The study is methodologically rich and innovative in that it weaves together historical, linguistic, and ethnographic data from different eras with sketches of contemporary life-a homicide trial, a scholarly meeting, a competition for a new national flag, a heterodox Catholic mass, an analysis of love letters, a priest{u0092}s sermon, and a death in the neighborhood. In all these different contexts, Mrcia Rego focuses on the role of Kriolu (the Cape Verdean Creole) and its relation to Portuguese-that is, on the way people live through speaking. The Dialogic Nation of Cape Verde shows how, through the dialogic give-and-take of the two languages, Cape Verdeans wrestle with deep-seated colonial hierarchies, invent and rehearse new traditions, and articulate their identity as a sovereign, creole nation.
eBook
Transnational archipelago
The island nation of Cape Verde has given rise to a diaspora that spans the four continents of the Atlantic Ocean. Migration has been essential to the island since the birth of its nation. This volume makes a significant contribution to the study of international migration and transnationalism by exploring the Cape Verdean diaspora through its geographic diversity and with a broad thematic range.
De eilandgemeenschap Kaapverdië heeft een diaspora veroorzaakt die zo ver strekt als de vier continenten rond de Atlantische Oceaan. Sinds het ontstaan van de gemeenschap is migratie een essentieel onderdeel van het dagelijkse leven op Kaapverdië gebleken. Verbindingen met een gebied dat ver weg ligt, blijft ook vandaag de dag het dagelijkse leven op het eiland domineren. Dit boek draagt in belangrijke mate bij aan de studie naar internationale migratie en transnationalisme door de diaspora van de bewoners van Kaapverdië te onderzoeken op geografische diversiteit vanuit een breed thematisch perspectief. Transnational Archipelago is tot stand gekomen met bijdragen van twintig wetenschappers uit verschillende disciplines.
eBook
Dating Violence and Gender Beliefs Legitimizing Dating Violence among Cape Verdean University Students
The present study analyses the association between victimization and perpetration of dating violence and gender beliefs legitimizing dating violence among Cape Verdean university students. The sample consisted of 301 Cape Verdean university students, 220 female (73.1%) and 80 male (26.6%), with an average age of 23.86 years old (SD = 6.112). An online survey with sociodemographic characterization, the Inventory of Gender Beliefs, and the Inventory of Violent Juvenile Relationships were completed by each participant. Findings reveal high levels of dating violence, with 61.1% (n = 184) and 46.8% (n = 141) of students admitting having been exposed to or perpetrated, respectively, at least one act of violence. Female participants showed higher rates of victimization when compared to male participants, while males presented a higher level of beliefs legitimizing dating violence when compared to females. Education policy recommendations for dating violence prevention and combat are provided.
Journal Article
Destination branding: A reflective analysis of Brand Cape Verde
The tourism industry in Cape Verde is recognized by the Government as a key strategic sector in the socio-economic development process of the country. Over the course of 12 years (2000–2012), tourism in Cape Verde grew at an average of 17.5 per cent annually. Despite the recognizable contributions, as of 2009, Cape Verde lacked a meaningful destination brand identity. Therefore, in spring 2010, the Ministry of Tourism of Cape Verde embarked on a mission to create Brand Cape Verde. This approach was aimed to improve the business environment, differentiate from competitors, foster innovation and position the country competitively in the global marketplace. The concept of destination branding is premised on the objective of understanding the key elements of visual communication identity as well as the differentiated attributes of a place. However, such understanding cannot be achieved effectively when the people within a country act independently. Using secondary resource, this study seeks to discuss the destination-branding process in Cape Verde, and bring to light the evolution of its tourism industry. A critical analysis of the branding process was highlighted by performing a SWOT Analysis of Brand Cape Verde.
Journal Article
Transitional African Spaces in Comparative Analysis: inclusion, exclusion and informality in Morocco and Cape Verde
Departing from the idea that the externalisation of the EU's immigration policy has been tacitly accepted and even incorporated in the legal corpus of nations around the Mediterranean basin, this study argues that the southern European boundary has been redrawn, and gradually dislocated southwards to establish a new de facto border in northern and western Africa. The study adopts a comparative analysis evaluating the social effects of this novel geopolitical dynamic in two of Europe's closest neighbours, Morocco and the Cape Verde Islands, and focuses on the quasi-involuntary development of a new migration paradigm in both countries, based on an informal incorporation nexus. This important change in local socio-political contexts primarily derives from a steady inflow of sub-Saharan migrants, and the challenges they pose to civility in two nations where civil society is only nascent. As passage to Europe becomes increasingly difficult, many migrants are transforming what were until recently two eminent migration source countries into 'transit countries', increasingly becoming hosts to permanent states of transience and liminality. Current legal categories used to identify these new migration flows, and the lack of adequate asylum discourses, are also problematised. The study further explores the nexus of inclusion and exclusion, and formal and informal modes of incorporation, of the 'African other'.
Journal Article
Highly feminised sex-ratio estimations for the world’s third-largest nesting aggregation of loggerhead sea turtles
Despite being a fundamental life-history character, there is a paucity of population-wide, data-driven studies of primary sex ratios for any marine turtle species. The Republic of Cape Verde hosts the third-largest nesting population of loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta in the world (hosting up to 15% of global nesting by the species). Weighting for the spatial distribution of nests, we estimate that 84% of female hatchlings are currently likely produced across the population, with 85% of nests laid on Boa Vista, where incubation temperatures are coolest. In future climate change scenarios (by 2100), irrespective of beach, island or sand colour, sex ratios reach over 99% female, and 3 islands (Fogo, Sao Nicolau, Santiago) would cease to produce males, with >90% of nests incubating at lethally high temperatures. Given that most of the population cannot move to nest on cooler islands, we highlight that temporal refugia are amongst the primary means available to this population to adapt. Under a low-emissions scenario, without phenological adaptation, there would only be an estimated 0.14% males produced across the whole population, while under mid- and high-emissions scenarios, male production may cease on most islands.
Journal Article