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DISSONANCE
This essay, drawing on research with cartoonists in Iran, explores cartooning as a distinctive mode of engaged knowing through drawing and humor. By unraveling the cartoonists’ capacity to perceive, compose, and amplify dissonance, the study reveals a practice that intertwines perceptive sensitivity, analytical skill, and moral commitment. Embracing dissonance through cartooning and humor not only provides new perspectives on the political present in Iran and beyond but also offers a peculiar mode of knowing the uncomfortable—studying things that don’t match. Unlike cartooning, anthropology seldom embraces humor, yet both share a capacity for navigating dissonance. Humor as an aesthetic and ethical practice can open unconventional paths for research and commitment, providing a means and audacity to understand the unknowable—all with a spirit of humility and critique.
یا هویش ناونع هب ار روتاکیراک ،ناریا یاه تسیروتاکیراک اب شهوژپ رب هیکت اب هلاقم نیایا هویش ناونع هب ار روتاکیراک تسیروتاکیراک اب شهوژپ رب هیکت اب هلاقم نیا راکشآ اب هعلاطم نیا .دنک می سیررب ززنزط و حیارط قیرط زا هناریرنزگرد ن زتنسناد زا زیامتم ناشن ار یدرکلمع ،یگینهامهان تیوقت و زتنشون ،کرد یارب اه تسیروتاکیراک تیفرظ ندرک شریذپ .دز یزرنزمآ می مه رد ار ی قیلاخا دهعت و لییلحت تراهم ،کیاردا تیساسح هک دهد می تیعضو دروم رد ار یدیدج یاه هاگدید اهنت هن ،ززنزط و روتاکیراک قیرط زا یگینهامهان یاهزیزرنزچ ن ز تنسناد زا بیجع یا هویش هکلب ،دنک می هئارا نآ زا رتارف و ناریا رد سیایس زنیونک ،روتاکیراک فلاخ رب .دهد می هئارا زیزرنزن ار -دنرادن تقباطم هک ییینیاهزیزرنزچ هعلاطم-هدننک تحاران تیاده یارب تییفرظ ود ره لاح نیا اب ،دنک می لابقتسا ززنزط زا تردن هب سیانش ناسنا یاه هار دناوت می قیلاخا و تیخانش ییینیابیز لمع کی ناونع هب عیبط خوش .دنراد یگینهامهان مهارف اه هتخانشان کرد یارب یتی نیراسج و رازبا و دیاشگب دهعت و قیقحت یارب ار یفی زقیراعتم ریرنزغ - یگینهامهان - روتاکیراک - شناد - ززنزط - یگینهامهان- دنک تیعضو دروم رد ار یدیدج یاه هاگدید اهنت هن ، ز زنزط و روتاکیراک قیرط زا
Journal Article
Effect of preoperative virtual reality cartoon viewing on postoperative pain and anxiety in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy: A randomized controlled trial
Surgery causes anxiety in children and negatively affects postoperative pain control. Various distraction methods, such as virtual reality (VR), have been shown to reduce anxiety levels and improve surgical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the effect of watching cartoons through a VR headset before surgery on systolic blood pressure, postoperative pain, and anxiety levels as primary, secondary, and tertiary outcomes, respectively, in children aged 7-12 years undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.
This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted at a tertiary hospital between November 10, 2023, and June 1, 2024, among 102 children scheduled for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, who were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 51; VR intervention) and a control group (n = 51; no intervention). The primary outcomes were anxiety levels measured using the Perioperative Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children and postoperative pain evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale. Sociodemographic characteristics and vital signs were also assessed.
Systolic blood pressure values were significantly lower in the experimental group at than in the control group at all time points (p < 0.05). Postoperative pain values were lower in the experimental group (3.35 ± 1.43 vs. 6.53 ± 1.36, p < 0.05), with similar results observed 8 h post-surgery (1.29 ± 1.08 vs. 6.57 ± 1.17, p < 0.05). Anxiety values were also significantly lower in the experimental group (24.12 ± 11.17 vs. 69.41 ± 12.56, p < 0.05), with similar results observed 8 h post-surgery (12.35 ± 10.50 vs. 67.0 ± 11.37, p < 0.05).
VR technology, particularly through watching the Shrek cartoon, significantly reduced systolic blood pressure, pain, and anxiety levels in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Thus, VR could be an effective noninvasive tool for managing pain and anxiety in pediatric patients during the preoperative and postoperative periods.
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06763276).
Journal Article
Depictive Harm in Little Black Sambo ? The Communicative Role of Comic Caricature
In Helen Bannerman’s Little Black Sambo , the text describes its main character as witty, brave, and resourceful. The drawings of the story’s main character which accompany this text, however, present a unique kind of harm that only becomes clear when the work is read as a collection of single-panel comics rather than an illustrated book. In this chapter, I show what happens when we read drawings in books as textless comics, and, based on how things turn out from this reading, motivate why we have some substantive reason to read both Little Black Sambo and other books with drawings-as-comics.
Journal Article
Designing with Pixar : 45 activities to create your own characters, worlds, and stories
\"Creativity abounds in this one-of-a-kind activity book from Pixar Animation Studios. Inspired by behind-the-scenes work of Pixar's animators, it encourages fans and artists to explore their own imaginations through Pixar's favorite characters and iconic scenes. Prompts from films such as Toy Story, Cars, Brave, Inside Out, and more invite discoveries about color, shape, character design, and scene setting--and how all of these interact to tell a visual story.\"--Amazon.com.
Book
Cartoon-assisted visual/auditory distraction usage in paediatric dental care, assessment of effects on patient anxiety, pain, and behaviour: a randomised crossover clinical trial
Objectives
This randomized crossover clinical trial designed to evaluate the impact of visual and auditory distraction techniques on pediatric patients’ anxiety, pain perception, and behavior during dental treatment. The study specifically focuses on children, aiming to determine whether distraction methods can effectively reduce anxiety levels, alleviate pain experiences, and improve cooperative behavior in a clinical setting.
Method and materials
Children aged 4 to 9 years receiving routine dental care at the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, Istanbul Medipol University, were randomly assigned to Group 1 (distraction first, then tell-show-do) or Group 2 (tell-show-do first, then distraction), with a two-week washout period before switching interventions. Anxiety was assessed using the Venham Picture Test and pulse rate, pain perception with the Sounds, Eyes, and Motor Scale during local anesthesia and the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale during treatment, while cooperation and behavior were evaluated using the Houpt Scale. Statistical analysis was conducted using Mann-Whitney U, Student’s t-test, Paired t-test, and Wilcoxon test, with the significance level set at 0.025 using the Bonferroni correction.
Results
Sixty-eight patients (37 female, 31 male) with a mean age of 6.69 ± 1.08 years completed the study (Group 1:
n
= 32, Group 2:
n
= 36). The cartoon-assisted distraction technique did not significantly reduce anxiety compared to the tell-show-do method. A non-significant reduction in pain perception was observed during local anesthesia with distraction. However, this technique significantly reduced self-reported pain during treatment (
p
< 0.025) and improved child cooperation and behavior.
Conclusion
Cartoon-assisted visual and auditory distraction can alleviate pain perception and improve behavior during pediatric dental procedures. However, it does not appear to reduce dental anxiety or pain perception during local anesthesia. Integrating this technique with the traditional tell-show-do approach may enhance the pediatric dental experience.
Trial registration
The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04927754, 06/01/2021.
Journal Article
Python 3 and Data Visualization Using ChatGPT /GPT-4
This book is designed to show readers the concepts of Python 3 programming and the art of data visualization. It also explores cutting-edge techniques using ChatGPT/GPT-4 in harmony with Python for generating visuals that tell more compelling data stories. Chapter 1 introduces the essentials of Python, covering a vast array of topics from basic data types, loops, and functions to more advanced constructs like dictionaries, sets, and matrices. In Chapter 2, the focus shifts to NumPy and its powerful array operations, leading into data visualization using prominent libraries such as Matplotlib. Chapter 6 includes Seaborn's rich visualization tools, offering insights into datasets like Iris and Titanic. Further, the book covers other visualization tools and techniques, including SVG graphics, D3 for dynamic visualizations, and more. Chapter 7 covers information about the main features of ChatGPT and GPT-4, as well as some of their competitors. Chapter 8 contains examples of using ChatGPT in order to perform data visualization, such as charts and graphs that are based on datasets (e.g., the Titanic dataset). Companion files with code, datasets, and figures are available for downloading. From foundational Python concepts to the intricacies of data visualization, this book is ideal for Python practitioners, data scientists, and anyone in the field of data analytics looking to enhance their storytelling with data through visuals. It's also perfect for educators seeking material for teaching advanced data visualization techniques.
eBook