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Summary Celery (Apium graveolens L. 2n = 2x = 22), a member of the Apiaceae family, is among the most important and globally grown vegetables. Here, we report a high‐quality genome sequence assembly, anchored to 11 chromosomes, with total length of 3.33 Gb and N50 scaffold length of 289.78 Mb. Most (92.91%) of the genome is composed of repetitive sequences, with 62.12% of 31 326 annotated genes confined to the terminal 20% of chromosomes. Simultaneous bursts of shared long‐terminal repeats (LTRs) in different Apiaceae plants suggest inter‐specific exchanges. Two ancestral polyploidizations were inferred, one shared by Apiales taxa and the other confined to Apiaceae. We reconstructed 8 Apiales proto‐chromosomes, inferring their evolutionary trajectories from the eudicot common ancestor to extant plants. Transcriptome sequencing in three tissues (roots, leaves and petioles), and varieties with different‐coloured petioles, revealed 4 and 2 key genes in pathways regulating anthocyanin and coumarin biosynthesis, respectively. A remarkable paucity of NBS disease‐resistant genes in celery (62) and other Apiales was explained by extensive loss and limited production of these genes during the last ~10 million years, raising questions about their biotic defence mechanisms and motivating research into effects of chemicals, for example coumarins, that give off distinctive odours. Celery genome sequencing and annotation facilitates further research into important gene functions and breeding, and comparative genomic analyses in Apiales.

This study was conducted in the animal field of the Faculty of Agriculture and Marshes / University of DhiQar for the period from 30/12/2021 to 15/3/2022 in order to find out the effect of giving celery seed powder and bioreinforcement to the grandfather of local goats and their reflection on biochemical standards.In this experiment, 16 males of local goats were used in this experiment and with an average weight of 14.5 kg, the grandparents were randomly distributed over four transactions by four duplicates per transaction, The transactions were T1: control and in which the grandfather dealt with the basic blackberry consisting of (59% barley, 37% bran, 1% urea, 2% salts, 1% vitamins) and without any addition, T2 (control treatment + addition of bioreinforcement by 2%), T3 (control treatment + addition of celery seeds by 5%), T4 (control treatment + addition of bioreinforcement with celery) The results of the current study showed no significant superiority in the level of total protein concentration for the first and second month, while in the third month a significant superiority appeared in favor of the treatment of the bioreinforcement and control. As for the albumin, there was a significant superiority in the triangular months during the duration of the study, and no significant superiority was shown in the concentration of glucose while a significant superiority appeared in the concentrations of a flat.

Celery allergy is a common food allergy, particularly among the European population. Currently, several diagnostic methods are available, including multiplex assays, which are useful for identifying celery-allergic patients. However, all of these methods have certain limitations. Api g 7 is a newly identified celeriac allergen belonging to the defensin protein family. Its clinical relevance lies in the high risk of severe systemic reactions among patients sensitized to this molecule. Patients sensitized to Api g 7 are often co-sensitized to Art v 1, the major mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) allergen, due to structural similarity between these two molecules. This molecular homology plays a key role in the pathogenesis of celery–mugwort syndrome. Although Api g 7may be a major celery allergen, none of the currently available commercial diagnostic tests are capable of detecting sIgE against it. This highlights the need for the development of new, commercially available diagnostic tools in allergology.

Drought, a prevalent abiotic stressor, significantly impacts plant yield and quality. Melatonin (MT), a potent and economical growth regulator, plays a pivotal role in augmenting crop resilience against stress. This study investigated the efficacy of exogenous MT on drought-stressed celery seedlings by comprehensively analyzing phenotypic, physiological, and molecular attributes. The results revealed that exogenous MT mitigated celery seedling damage under drought stress, lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, elevated oxidase activities, osmolyte levels, chlorophyll content, and augmented light energy conversion efficiency. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that MT could regulate chlorophyll synthesis genes (AgPORA1 and AgDVR2), contributing to heightened photosynthetic potential and increased drought tolerance in celery. Moreover, MT was found to modulate glycolytic pathways, upregulate pyruvate synthesis genes (AgPEP1 and AgPK3), and downregulate degradation genes (AgPDC2 and AgPDHA2), thereby promoting pyruvate accumulation and enhancing peroxidase activity and drought tolerance. The RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated similar results, showing the same general expression trends. The study elucidates the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying MT's stress-alleviating effects in celery seedlings, offering insights into MT-based strategies in plant cultivation and breeding for arid environments.

The volatile substances fingerprinting of celery under three different light conditions was established using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). Supplementary light intensity was set at 200 µmol m.sup.-2 s.sup.-1 with light durations of 6 h d.sup.-1 (T1) and 10 h d.sup.-1 (T2), and celery grown under natural light only was used as the control. The results indicated that the highest values of fresh and dry weights were recorded under the T2 treatment. A total of 59 volatile compounds of celery were detected, including olefins, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and furans. In addition, flavor differences in celery at different supplementary light duration were revealed, with beta-bourbonene, beta-ocimene-D, alpha-pinene-D, (E)-2-hexen-1-al-D, limonene-D, and beta-myrcene-M as the main contributors to observed differences in VOC profiles. In summary, a longer supplementary light duration resulted in optimal color characteristics, and enhanced flavor profiles, which was a suitable supplementary light strategy for celery cultivation in greenhouses during weak light conditions.

The volatile substances fingerprinting of celery under three different light conditions was established using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). Supplementary light intensity was set at 200 µmol m.sup.-2 s.sup.-1 with light durations of 6 h d.sup.-1 (T1) and 10 h d.sup.-1 (T2), and celery grown under natural light only was used as the control. The results indicated that the highest values of fresh and dry weights were recorded under the T2 treatment. A total of 59 volatile compounds of celery were detected, including olefins, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and furans. In addition, flavor differences in celery at different supplementary light duration were revealed, with beta-bourbonene, beta-ocimene-D, alpha-pinene-D, (E)-2-hexen-1-al-D, limonene-D, and beta-myrcene-M as the main contributors to observed differences in VOC profiles. In summary, a longer supplementary light duration resulted in optimal color characteristics, and enhanced flavor profiles, which was a suitable supplementary light strategy for celery cultivation in greenhouses during weak light conditions.

The volatile substances fingerprinting of celery under three different light conditions was established using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). Supplementary light intensity was set at 200 µmol m.sup.-2 s.sup.-1 with light durations of 6 h d.sup.-1 (T1) and 10 h d.sup.-1 (T2), and celery grown under natural light only was used as the control. The results indicated that the highest values of fresh and dry weights were recorded under the T2 treatment. A total of 59 volatile compounds of celery were detected, including olefins, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and furans. In addition, flavor differences in celery at different supplementary light duration were revealed, with beta-bourbonene, beta-ocimene-D, alpha-pinene-D, (E)-2-hexen-1-al-D, limonene-D, and beta-myrcene-M as the main contributors to observed differences in VOC profiles. In summary, a longer supplementary light duration resulted in optimal color characteristics, and enhanced flavor profiles, which was a suitable supplementary light strategy for celery cultivation in greenhouses during weak light conditions.

The volatile substances fingerprinting of celery under three different light conditions was established using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). Supplementary light intensity was set at 200 µmol m.sup.-2 s.sup.-1 with light durations of 6 h d.sup.-1 (T1) and 10 h d.sup.-1 (T2), and celery grown under natural light only was used as the control. The results indicated that the highest values of fresh and dry weights were recorded under the T2 treatment. A total of 59 volatile compounds of celery were detected, including olefins, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and furans. In addition, flavor differences in celery at different supplementary light duration were revealed, with beta-bourbonene, beta-ocimene-D, alpha-pinene-D, (E)-2-hexen-1-al-D, limonene-D, and beta-myrcene-M as the main contributors to observed differences in VOC profiles. In summary, a longer supplementary light duration resulted in optimal color characteristics, and enhanced flavor profiles, which was a suitable supplementary light strategy for celery cultivation in greenhouses during weak light conditions.