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"Central Slovakia"
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Geological interpretation of magnetotelluric sounding in the southern part of seismic profile 2T (Central Slovakia)
In this paper we present a geological interpretation of magnetotelluric sounding along the southern part of the seismic 2T profile situated in the southern Central Slovakia. The complexes with higher conductivity are imaged in the shallow depths, formed by the Tertiary sediments and volcanics. In the northernmost part of the profile, the influence of non-conductive complexes composed of orthogneisses and overlying Mesozoic carbonates is significant. In the central part of the profile, the low conductive granitoid complexes are superposed over the metamorphic rocks with higher conductivity. This structure is a remnant of the Hercynian middle crust nappes. The most outstanding phenomenon of the profile is the sudden, almost step change in the conductivity parameters of the crust in the southern part. The significantly high conductivity of the crust in this area is most probably not related to its lithological composition, but by the abundant supply of fluids in the crust connected with the Neogene tectonic and volcanic processes.
Journal Article
Defense policies of east-central European countries after 1989 : creating stability in a time of uncertainty
\"The 2014 Ukrainian-Crimean crisis has raised serious questions in the West about Russian motivations and future policy directions. Now more than ever, it is imperative to explore the defensive perceptions, reactions, and preparations of neighboring countries-- the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. Is there a convergence of their approaches along similar paths, or do their different cultures and historical experiences prefigure a divergence of their defense policies? While Slovakia, Hungary and the Czech Republic all seem to have little concern about Russia's policies in Ukraine, the Polish response has been uniquely strong and militarized. This book will explore reasons for the different responses to the crisis\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Assessing the Potential of Forest Stands for Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms as a Subsistence Ecosystem Service for Socially Disadvantaged People: A Case Study from Central Slovakia
Mushrooming is a widespread leisure activity for a significant part of the Slovak population. From the point of view of the ecosystem services, it combines a provisioning service (mushrooms as food or delicacies) and a cultural service (mushroom picking as physical activity in nature). For urban residents, the forest is a refuge from the daily work routine, and mushrooming contributes significantly to improving their quality of life. For mushroom pickers living in rural areas, the occurrence and availability of mushroom harvesting sites are often even more important since it contributes to their diet or even provides an occasional income. We summarised the ecological preferences of selected ectomycorrhizal mushrooms and applied them as parameters for modelling the potential of forest stands for mushroom growing in central Slovakia. In the second step, we analysed the theoretical demand for wild mushrooms as a subsistence provisioning service for the local population with a special focus on socially disadvantaged inhabitants. The results showed that there is a spatial overlap of forest stands with a high potential for mushroom growing and the districts with the highest proportion of unemployment or of inhabitants receiving social benefits, and the best mushroom forest stands are situated within walking distance from the settlements. This supports the initial assumption that wild mushrooms may contribute to a better life for disadvantaged local communities.
Journal Article
K-Ar and Rb-Sr geochronology and evolution of the Štiavnica Stratovolcano (Central Slovakia)
The Štiavnica Stratovolcano in Central Slovakia is the largest volcano in the Neogene to Quaternary Carpathian volcanic arc. A large caldera, an extensive subvolcanic intrusive complex and a resurgent horst with late stage rhyolite volcanites are the most characteristic features. The results of new K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotope dating using more sophisticated methodical approaches have changed our view on the timing of volcanic and intrusive activity. K-Ar dating of groundmass fractions combined with Rb-Sr isochron dating in the cases of possible rejuvenation has provided highly reliable results. The lifespan of the stratovolcano is apparently shorter than assumed earlier. Evolution of the stratovolcano took place in five stages during the Early Badenian to beginning of Early Pannonian time: (1) construction of the extensive andesite stratovolcano during the interval 15.0-13.5 Ma; (2) denudation of the volcano concluded with the initial subsidence of a caldera and the contemporaneous emplacement of a subvolcanic intrusive complex of diorite, granodiorite, granodiorite porphyries and quartz-diorite porphyries during the interval 13.5-12.9 Ma; (3) subsidence of the caldera and its filling by differentiated andesites during the interval 13.1-12.7 Ma - volcanic activity overlapping with the emplacement of the youngest intrusions; (4) renewed explosive and effusive activity of less differentiated andesites during the interval 12.7-12.2 Ma; (5) uplift of the resurgent horst in the central part of the caldera accompanied by rhyolite volcanic/intrusive activity during the interval 12.2-11.4 Ma. Extensive epithermal mineralization was contemporaneous with the uplift of the resurgent horst and rhyolite volcanic activity and continued till 10.7 Ma
Journal Article
What are the Principal Environmental Filters Driving Species Composition and Succession on Mineralogically Different Spoil Heaps?
The relationship between selected environmental variables and plant species composition was studied on two mineralogically different spoil heaps (Hg and Cu) in Central Slovakia with contrasting reclamation approaches. Data on plant species composition were collected by stratified random sampling in defined physiognomic vegetation types. A detrended correspondence analysis showed that most of the variability in species composition was related to the succession gradient from open communities with a low cover of vascular plants to forest vegetation, and to the moisture gradient. Variance partitioning by canonical correspondence analysis revealed that most of the variability in plant composition was related to the content of various heavy metals (27.8% at the Hg-spoil heap and 28.3% at the Cu-spoil heap), but a significant relationship was found only for Mn. Other significant factors comprised soil moisture, pH and P content for the Hg-spoil heap and soil temperature and Ca content for the Cu-spoil heap. Although heavy metal content explained most of the variability in species composition, the relationship was caused by the correlation of heavy metal content with other environmental variables rather than by a direct causal relationship.
Journal Article
Food as a Unifier? Rural and Urban Food Festivals in Central Slovakia
The paper focuses on food festivals in rural and urban localities in Central Slovakia. Food events and festivals are popular and spread all over the world as it is stressed in a lot of scholarly literature (e.g. Watson, Caldwell, Eds., 2007; Timothy, 2016; Klein, Watson, 2016). They are celebrations of communities and their heritage, and expressions of their identity. They include gastronomy events presenting local culinary specialities, food trade fairs, wine and food tastings, farmers’ markets or culinary competitions. The paper presents selected festivals in the Banská Bystrica Self-Governing Region. The main objective is to show the purpose, character and role of rural and urban food festivals with a special focus on heritage aspects and to identify their differences including the current political contexts.
Journal Article
Neogene Alkali Basalts from Central Slovakia (Ostrá Lúka Lava Complex); Mineralogy and Geochemistry
Ostrá Lúka basalts are a product of the final phase of Neogene volcanism in Central Slovakia. Their major and trace elements composition is alkaline, a feature confirmed by light rare earth elements (LREE) relative enrichment and some incompatible trace elements ratios. The basalts contain rare surrounded gabbro cumulates. Their peculiarity is a strong zonation of olivines and clinopyroxene. The significant zonation probably indicates a short stop of the melt at shallow depth. The Sr, Nd and Pb isotope compositions indicate an origin from a moderately depleted mantle source. The mineral and chemical composition of the basalts is similar to the Pannonian basin alkali basalts and the Western and Central Europe alkali basalts.
Journal Article
Alien wetland annual Lindernia dubia (Scrophulariaceae): the first recently mentioned localities in Slovakia and their central European context
Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell, a Northern-American species, was recently found in two localities in central Slovakia (near TrenÄ and Å tiavnické Bane villages) as a new species for the flora of Slovakia. Individuals of the species grew in wetland vegetation of the class Isoëto-Nano-Juncetea in both cases. The second mentioned locality probably belongs to the altitudinal maxima of L. dubia in Europe. Although the origin of L. dubia in the Slovak localities remains unknown, we suppose that zoochory or anthropochory are the most probable modes of its introduction into the territory of Slovakia.
Journal Article
Winter activity of European badger (Meles meles) in Slovakia
In wide geographical distribution, the European badger is adapted to various climates, habitats and feeding conditions. At latitudes with severe winters, badgers build fat reserves in autumn and rest in winter. The effect of different temperature and climate to winter diurnal activity of badgers was studied in seven sites of the Javorie Mts and Pliesovská kotlina Valley in central Slovakia. Data were obtained from camera traps installed at badger setts and from snow tracking in three consecutive winters 2012-2015. As the considerable differences of weather conditions were found, also differences in diurnal activity in different winters appeared. The result shows that winter diurnal activity of badgers strongly depends on climate and air temperature. In average, badgers on five different setts were active more than 50% of days during January 2015 (average temperature -0.4 °C). Badgers were mainly nocturnal in winter months. Few cases of daylight activity were recorded only in second half of February, when also mating was recorded.
Journal Article