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"Chemical industry Waste disposal."
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Pollution limits and polluters' efforts to comply : the role of government monitoring and enforcement
This book integrates economics and legal perspectives to examine the impact of government strategies for monitoring and enforcing environmental protection laws. It closely examines industrial facilities' compliance with regulatory obligations stemming from the implementation of the Clean Water Act (CWA) to explore the success of policies such as this.
eBook
Waste Management in the Chemical and Petroleum Industries
The global chemical and petroleum industries have always had the challenge of disposing of chemical wastes, by-products, and residuals, but with traditional techniques such as deep well injection and incineration proving flawed, the need for disposal by legal, safe and economically effective means has never been greater. Increasingly, the need to produce without pollution is the preferred model for industry, and the strategy of waste minimization is seen as the best way forward. This is particularly relevant in the petrochemical and chemical industries, where large quantities of hazardous and toxic wastes are produced which can pose formidable disposal problems. Covering the essentials of treatment, recovery and disposal of waste, as well as the requirements for process design and engineering of equipment and facilities in the chemical and petroleum industries, this book includes chapters on:
* Wastewater Treatment
* Physical Unit Operations
* Chemical Treatment
* Biological Treatment
* Wastewater Treatment in Unconventional Oil and Gas Industries
* Wastewater Sewer Systems
* Sewage Treatment
* Solid Waste Treatment and Disposal
Primarily aimed at researchers and advanced students in chemical, petroleum, and environmental fields as well as those in civil engineering, this book should also provide a unique reference for industry practitioners and anyone interested in chemical and petroleum waste treatment and disposal.
eBook
Waste Management in the Chemical and Petroleum Industries (2nd Edition)
This new edition unravels essential requirements for the process design and engineering of the equipment and facilities pertaining to waste management for gas refineries, chemical plants, oil terminals, and petrochemical plants. Updated throughout, this book offers chapters on wastewater treatment; physical unit operations; chemical treatment; biological treatment; and wastewater treatment in unconventional oil and gas industries. It also covers wastewater sewer systems; sewage treatment; and solid waste treatment and disposal. New topics include: water pollution terminals; the design procedure for effluent water pollution control; spill prevention and control; groundwater pollution control; wastewater pollution control in crude oil terminals; Information on the source of polymeric plants; examination of water and wastewater radioactivity; soil pollution; pipeline leak consequence evaluation. This book is an ideal text for researchers and advanced students in chemical, petroleum, and environmental fields, as well as for those in civil engineering.
eBook
Treatment of wastewater from petroleum industry: current practices and perspectives
Petroleum industry is one of the fastest growing industries, and it significantly contributes to economic growth in developing countries like India. The wastewater from a petroleum industry consist a wide variety of pollutants like petroleum hydrocarbons, mercaptans, oil and grease, phenol, ammonia, sulfide, and other organic compounds. All these compounds are present as very complex form in discharged water of petroleum industry, which are harmful for environment directly or indirectly. Some of the techniques used to treat oily waste/wastewater are membrane technology, photocatalytic degradation, advanced oxidation process, electrochemical catalysis, etc. In this review paper, we aim to discuss past and present scenario of using various treatment technologies for treatment of petroleum industry waste/wastewater. The treatment of petroleum industry wastewater involves physical, chemical, and biological processes. This review also provides scientific literature on knowledge gaps and future research directions to evaluate the effect(s) of various treatment technologies available.
Journal Article
A Closer Look at Anaerobic Digestion
This book includes a recent update and a closer look at the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. In addition, it introduces a new tool for the modelling and optimization of the AD process. The authors in this book review the strengths and weaknesses of AD techniques on different aspects to enhance the product yield. This book will be helpful for future researchers in the field of anaerobic digestion. It will also identify the research gap, strengths, weaknesses and promote the AD technologies to real scale.
eBook
Management Options for Reducing the Release of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes to the Environment
There is growing concern worldwide about the role of polluted soil and water environments in the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistance.
Our aim in this study was to identify management options for reducing the spread of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistance determinants via environmental pathways, with the ultimate goal of extending the useful life span of antibiotics. We also examined incentives and disincentives for action.
We focused on management options with respect to limiting agricultural sources; treatment of domestic, hospital, and industrial wastewater; and aquaculture.
We identified several options, such as nutrient management, runoff control, and infrastructure upgrades. Where appropriate, a cross-section of examples from various regions of the world is provided. The importance of monitoring and validating effectiveness of management strategies is also highlighted. Finally, we describe a case study in Sweden that illustrates the critical role of communication to engage stakeholders and promote action.
Environmental releases of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria can in many cases be reduced at little or no cost. Some management options are synergistic with existing policies and goals. The anticipated benefit is an extended useful life span for current and future antibiotics. Although risk reductions are often difficult to quantify, the severity of accelerating worldwide morbidity and mortality rates associated with antibiotic resistance strongly indicate the need for action.
Journal Article
Composting Processes for Agricultural Waste Management: A Comprehensive Review
Composting is the most adaptable and fruitful method for managing biodegradable solid wastes; it is a crucial agricultural practice that contributes to recycling farm and agricultural wastes. Composting is profitable for various plant, animal, and synthetic wastes, from residential bins to large corporations. Composting and agricultural waste management (AWM) practices flourish in developing countries, especially Pakistan. Composting has advantages over other AWM practices, such as landfilling agricultural waste, which increases the potential for pollution of groundwater by leachate, while composting reduces water contamination. Furthermore, waste is burned, open-dumped on land surfaces, and disposed of into bodies of water, leading to environmental and global warming concerns. Among AWM practices, composting is an environment-friendly and cost-effective practice for agricultural waste disposal. This review investigates improved AWM via various conventional and emerging composting processes and stages: composting, underlying mechanisms, and factors that influence composting of discrete crop residue, municipal solid waste (MSW), and biomedical waste (BMW). Additionally, this review describes and compares conventional and emerging composting. In the conclusion, current trends and future composting possibilities are summarized and reviewed. Recent developments in composting for AWM are highlighted in this critical review; various recommendations are developed to aid its technological growth, recognize its advantages, and increase research interest in composting processes.
Journal Article