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Tell Me What Happened
Represents a scholarly and ambitious attempt to improve the quality of interviews received by the courts and minimize the risks of miscarriages of justice, for victims and defendants This book updates the previous review of research on children's testimony--reexamining and readdressing how the quality of information provided by young witnesses is.
eBook
Contemporary and Innovative Practices in Child and Youth Advocacy Centre Models
Child Advocacy Centres (CACs), also known as Child & Youth Advocacy Centres (CYACs), Children’s Houses, and Barnahus, are a child-focused trauma-informed approach to improving the multidisciplinary response to abuse and violence in the lives of children and youth. Contemporary and Innovative Practices in Child and Youth Advocacy Centre Models brings an international perspective to contemporary and innovative CAC practices around the world. It provides a range of perspectives offering valuable insights, suggestions, and advice to stimulate ideas for establishing, growing and modifying a CAC model and multi-agency collaboration in order to build capacity to respond to the incredibly diverse types of cases, children, youth and families that come through a CAC’s doors.
As authors explore diverse sociolegal, demographic and cultural contexts within different service environments, they draw attention to successes but are also honest about challenges, barriers, and potential pitfalls.
eBook
Witnessing girlhood : toward an intersectional tradition of life writing
\"When over 150 women testified in 2018 to the sexual abuse inflicted on them by Dr. Larry Nassar when they were young competitive gymnasts, they exposed and transformed the conditions that shielded their violation, including the testimonial disadvantages that cluster at the site of gender, youth, and race. In Witnessing Girlhood, Leigh Gilmore and Elizabeth Marshall argue that they also joined a long tradition of autobiographical writing lead by women of color in which adults use the figure and narrative of child witness to expose harm and seek justice. Witnessing Girlhood charts a history of how women use life narrative to transform conditions of suffering, silencing, and injustice into accounts that enjoin ethical response. Drawing on a deep and diverse archive of self-representational forms-slave narratives, testimonio, memoir, comics, and picture books- Gilmore and Marshall attend to how authors return to a narrative of traumatized and silenced girlhood and the figure of the child witness in order to offer public testimony. Emerging within these accounts are key scenes and figures that link a range of texts and forms from the mid nineteenth century to the contemporary period. Gilmore and Marshall offer a genealogy of the reverberations across timelines, self-representational acts, and jurisdictions of the child witness in life writing. Reconstructing these historical and theoretical trajectories restores an intersectional testimonial history of writing by women of color about sexual and racist violence to the center of life writing, and, in so doing, furthers our capacity to engage ethically with representations of vulnerability, childhood, and collective witness\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Children and Cross-Examination
In 2009, Stephen Barker was convicted of rape on the evidence of a little girl who was four-and-a-half years old at the trial, and about three-and-a-half when first interviewed by the police. The high point of the proceedings was the child’s appearance as a live witness in order for Barker’s counsel to attempt a cross-examination. This case focused attention on the need, imposed by current English law, for even tiny children to come to court for a live cross-examination. In 1989, the Pigot Committee proposed a scheme under which the whole of a young child’s evidence, including cross-examination, would be obtained out of court and in advance of trial. In 1999 a provision designed to give effect to this was included in the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act, but it has not yet been brought into force. The full Pigot proposal was implemented, however, in Western Australia, and similar schemes operate in a number of European jurisdictions. This book of essays examines a number of these schemes, and argues the case for further reforms in the UK.
eBook
The adventures of Tom Sawyer
The classic story of a boy who makes his own rules and the small Missouri town where he and his friends experience the adventures of a lifetime. Filled with schoolyard pranks, buried treasures, spooky caves, secret gangs, and grave robbers, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is entertainment of the highest order. The clever schemes of its eponymous hero--from tricking his friends into completing his chores to sneaking into his own funeral--are the stuff of legend, and the cast of characters, including Huckleberry Finn, Becky Thatcher, Aunt Polly, and the Widow Douglas, is one of the most recognizable in American literature. A tale of friendship, fun, and intrigue that celebrates the rural life Mark Twain knew as a boy growing up on the Mississippi River, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer mixes good-natured humor with thoughtful consideration of serious issues such as race, religion, and the strictures of adult life. Amusing and insightful for readers of all ages, it is one of the most enduring novels in American literature.
BOOK
Children's views and evidence
Can you hear the child's voice?The Court of Appeal have commented that the family courts are 'still feeling their way forward in order to determine how best to 'hear the voice of a child'.In this new title David Burrows looks at the jurisprudence surrounding this remark, relates it to European and UN Convention rights and looks at the most recent.
eBook
Effects of Interviewer Support on Children’s Memory and Suggestibility
The accuracy of children’s reports of abuse has been hotly debated in the press, academia, and the courtroom. Yet, children’s accuracy depends, in part, on the context in which children are interviewed. Guidelines often recommend creating a supportive psychosocial context to promote open, honest responding; however, there is also concern that support promotes social desirability and acquiescence to suggestion, leading children to report more of what they perceive adults want to hear than the truth. The question remains as to whether there is a sufficient body of scientific research to determine whether interviewer supportiveness improves interview outcomes while minimizing children’s stress or whether it increases suggestibility and impairs accuracy. Using a systematic search strategy and meta-analyses, this study identifies and reviews findings from experimental studies of the effects of interviewer supportiveness on the accuracy of children’s reports. Although the number of studies in the evidence base is small (n = 15), the studies are of relatively good quality. Results suggest noncontingent interviewer support bolsters children’s accuracy. Children are more resistant and less acquiescent to suggestive questions when interviewers are supportive as compared to nonsupportive or neutral. Effects are in the moderate range. Interviewer support is also associated with fewer errors on nonsuggestive questions. Discussion focuses on implications for practice; directions for future research; identifying vulnerable subgroups; and underlying cognitive, social, and emotional mechanisms.
Journal Article
A guide to clarifying evidence in Australian child forensic interviews
Purpose
– Interviewing victims of child sex abuse requires considerable care in order to minimise error. Due to children’s heightened suggestibility any question asked of a child could potentially incite error that could undermine the witness’s credibility. A focus group was conducted in order to facilitate the development of guidance for interviewers around the circumstances in which it is necessary to ask children follow-up questions in an interview. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
– Seven Crown prosecutors representing every Australian state and territory (with the exception of one small state) were issued with 25 hypothetical narrative accounts of child abuse and asked to indicate what information, if any, required follow-up in the child’s narrative. Their responses and rationale for requiring following up in some cases and not others were discussed.
Findings
– Thematic analysis revealed three recommendations to guide questioning: whether the case involved identification or recognition evidence; the presence of contextual features that may influence the witness’s memory, or that should trigger a particular line of questioning; and whether the information can or should be sought at a later stage by the trial prosecutor, rather than by the interviewer.
Practical implications
– The recommendations are discussed within the context of their implications for interviewing, that is, how each recommendation could be implemented in practice.
Originality/value
– The present study extends prior literature by elucidating principles to guide decision making across interview topic areas. The need for such guidance is highlighted by research suggesting that topics such as offender identity, offence time and place, and witnesses are a source of overzealous questioning in interviews.
Journal Article