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Early childhood education in Chinese societies
This volume provides an up-to-date account of relevant early childhood policy and practice in five Chinese societies: the People's Republic of China or Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore, and Taiwan. It analyses how traditional Chinese values, Eastern and Western curricular approaches, and socio-political, economic, cultural and demographic changes influence current policies, services and practice.
Book
Nusinersen versus Sham Control in Infantile-Onset Spinal Muscular Atrophy
In this phase 3 trial, among infants with spinal muscular atrophy, those who received nusinersen were more likely to achieve major motor milestones and less likely to need permanent assisted ventilation than those who underwent a sham procedure.
Journal Article
The ABC of early childhood education : a guide to some of the key issues
\"This unique and engaging resource describes, critiques and analyses the significance of a wide range of contemporary and classic ideas about how young children learn. Organised in a handy A - Z format, best-selling author and early years expert Sandra Smidt: Traces back each idea to the roots of how it was first conceived Explores its implications for the early years classroom in accessible terms Makes connections where relevant to other strands in the field of early childhood education Provides examples from her extensive classroom experience and international literature Draws on a range of ideas from both developing and developed countries giving the material a truly global focus Uses a sociocultural view of learning to underpin the choice or analysis of each idea Students on early years education courses at a range of levels will find this an essential and enlightening companion text, for use throughout their studies\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Imagery rescripting and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing as treatment for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder from childhood trauma: randomised clinical trial
Investigation of treatments that effectively treat adults with post-traumatic stress disorder from childhood experiences (Ch-PTSD) and are well tolerated by patients is needed to improve outcomes for this population.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two trauma-focused treatments, imagery rescripting (ImRs) and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), for treating Ch-PTSD.
We conducted an international, multicentre, randomised clinical trial, recruiting adults with Ch-PTSD from childhood trauma before 16 years of age. Participants were randomised to treatment condition and assessed by blind raters at multiple time points. Participants received up to 12 90-min sessions of either ImRs or EMDR, biweekly.
A total of 155 participants were included in the final intent-to-treat analysis. Drop-out rates were low, at 7.7%. A generalised linear mixed model of repeated measures showed that observer-rated post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms significantly decreased for both ImRs (d = 1.72) and EMDR (d = 1.73) at the 8-week post-treatment assessment. Similar results were seen with secondary outcome measures and self-reported PTSD symptoms. There were no significant differences between the two treatments on any standardised measure at post-treatment and follow-up.
ImRs and EMDR treatments were found to be effective in treating PTSD symptoms arising from childhood trauma, and in reducing other symptoms such as depression, dissociation and trauma-related cognitions. The low drop-out rates suggest that the treatments were well tolerated by participants. The results from this study provide evidence for the use of trauma-focused treatments for Ch-PTSD.
Journal Article
Going Beyond the Theory/Practice Divide in Early Childhood Education
Going Beyond the Theory/Practice Divide in Early Childhood Education focuses on the use of pedagogical documentation as a tool for learning and transformation. Based on innovative research, the author presents new approaches to learning in early childhood education, shifting attention to the force and impact which material objects and artefacts can have in learning. Drawing upon the theories of feminist Karen Barad and philosophers Gille Deleuze and Félix Guattari, Hillevi Lenz Taguchi discusses examples of how pens, paper, clay and construction materials can be understood as active and performative agents, challenging binary divides such as theory/practice, discourse/matter and mind/body in teaching and learning. Numerous examples from practice are explored to introduce an intra-active pedagogy. 'Methodological' strategies for learning with children in preschools, and in teacher education, are brought to the fore. For example:
the neighbourhood around the preschool and children's homes is explored, using drawing and construction-work on the floor;
mathematics is investigated in teacher education, using the body, dance and music to investigate mathematical relationships and problems;
taken-for-granted forms of academic writing are challenged by different forms of praxis- and experience-based writings that transgress the theory/practice divide;
children, students and teacher educators use pedagogical documentation to understand their own learning, and to critique dominant habits of thinking and doing.
Challenging the dominant understanding of ‘inclusion’ in educational contexts, and making ‘difference’ actively visible and positive, this book is rooted in the experiences, practices and words of teachers, teacher educators and student teachers. It will appeal to all those involved in early childhood education and also to those interested in challenging educational thinking and practices.
Hillevi Lenz Taguchi is an Associate Professor at the Department of Education, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Introduction 1. Going beyond the theory/practice and discourse/matter divides 2. Learning and becoming in an onto-epistemology 3. The tool of pedagogical documentation 4. An intra-active pedagogy and its dual movements 5. Transgressing binary practices in Early Childhood Teacher Education 6. The hybrid-writing-process – going beyond the theory/practice divide in academic writing 7. An ethics of immanence and potentialities for early childhood education References
eBook
Best practices in early literacy instruction
\"Bringing together prominent scholars, this book shows how 21st-century research and theory can inform everyday instructional practices in early childhood classrooms (PreK-3). Coverage includes foundational topics such as alphabet learning, phonological awareness, oral language development, and learning to write, as well as cutting-edge topics such as digital literacy, informational texts, and response to intervention. Every chapter features guiding questions; an overview of ideas and findings on the topic at hand; specific suggestions for improving instruction, assessment, and/or the classroom environment; and an engrossing example of the practices in action\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Adverse and benevolent childhood experiences in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD): implications for trauma-focused therapies
There is very little work on the role of positive or benevolent childhood experiences and how such events might offer protection from the insidious effects of adverse experiences in childhood or later in life.
We set out to test, using latent variable modelling, whether adverse and benevolent childhood experiences could be best described as a single continuum or two correlated constructs. We also modelled the relationship between adverse and benevolent childhood experiences and ICD-11 PTSD and Complex PTSD (CPTSD) symptoms and explored if these associations were indirect via psychological trauma.
Data were collected from a trauma-exposed sample (N = 275) attending a specialist trauma care centre in the UK. Participants completed measures of childhood adverse and benevolent experiences, traumatic exposure, and PTSD and CPTSD symptoms.
Findings suggested that adverse childhood experiences operate only indirectly on PTSD and CPTSD symptoms through lifetime trauma exposure, and with a stronger effect for PTSD. Benevolent childhood experiences directly predicted only CPTSD symptoms.
Benevolent and traumatic experiences seem to form unique associations with PTSD and CPTSD symptoms. Future research is needed to explore how benevolent experiences can be integrated within existing psychological interventions to maximise recovery from traumatic stress.
Journal Article
Sustaining early childhood learning gains : program, school, and family influences
\"This volume emphasizes not only key interventions and practices over the first decade of life that promote healthy development but elements and strategies through which learning gains can be enhanced by schools, families, communities, and public institutions. Scaling and expansion of effective programs also are considered. The approaches and principles covered in the volume that show evidence of enhancing learning gains include: (a) program dosage and quality, (b) teacher background, curriculum, and instruction, (c) preschool to 3rd grade (P-3) continuity and alignment, and (d) school quality and family support. Lessons from long-term studies since the 1960s and from current practices will be described to help move the field forward. Most current programs financed by states and school districts have few of the key elements of the landmark studies. Child to staff ratios are usually 20:2. Family services and expectations for parent involvement are minimal\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Screening for Adverse Childhood Experiences: Literature Review and Practice Implications
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked with negatively impacting child and adult health outcomes. Clinicians are integral in identifying childhood adversities and offering supportive measures to minimize negative effects. This systematic literature review included 13 ACE studies that examined the acceptability, feasibility, and implementation of ACE screenings from the perspectives of clinicians and patients. The findings of this review can assist clinicians in considering the appropriateness of ACE screenings for their patients and the ethical and practical issues that must be addressed for effective screening implementation.
•Patients find adverse childhood experience (ACE) questionnaires an acceptable part of care and are willing to review with their clinician.•Patients and clinicians report discussing ACE screens improves the patient-clinician relationship.•ACE screenings are feasible to incorporate into a variety of health care settings, including outpatient visits and home visits.•The successful implementation of ACE screenings includes education and training for clinicians and support staff.•The availability of local resources should be assessed and a referral system in place before implementing ACE screenings.
Journal Article