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"Chimaeriformes Australia."
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Harriotta avia sp. nov. – a new rhinochimaerid (Chimaeriformes: Rhinochimaeridae) described from the Southwest Pacific
Harriotta avia sp. nov., a new species of long-nose chimaera (Holocephali: Chimaeriformes: Rhinochimaeridae), is described from specimens collected off New Zealand in the Southwest Pacific Ocean. The species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: elongated, narrow and depressed snout up to 56% BDL; long, slender trunk; beak-like vomerine tooth plate; large eye, length 8–12% BDL and height 5–7% BDL; long dorsal spine reaching slightly beyond apex of the dorsal fin; and slender rod-like pelvic claspers. The skin is deciduous, and uniform chocolate brown when intact. Harriotta avia sp. nov. is also distinguished from other Harriotta species based on DNA sequence divergence of the NADH2 gene. Harriotta avia sp. nov. is reported from the New Zealand-Australian region. Conclusions here show that Harriotta raleighana, a presumed globally distributed species, likely comprises several species and the genus Harriotta warrants a revision with specimens representing all ocean basins.
Journal Article
Systematic Reassessment of Edaphodon eyrensis Long, 1985 (Holocephali, Chimaeroidei) from the Early Cretaceous of South Australia
A chimaeroid species, Edaphodon eyrensisLong, 1985 (Holocephali, Chimaeroidei), from the Lower Cretaceous Bulldog Shale of the Eromanga Basin, South Australia, is reassessed as Ptyktoptychion eyrensis (Long, 1985), comb. nov. This is the oldest representative of the endemic Australian chimaeroid genus PtyktoptychionLees, 1986. An ancestor of this genus could be the Early Cretaceous chimaeroid Ischyodus thurmanniPictet and Campiche, 1858 from the northern hemisphere. Ptyktoptychion eyrensis survived in Australia in southern polar environment conditions.
Journal Article
Lipid composition and partitioning of deepwater chondrichthyans: inferences of feeding ecology and distribution
The composition of lipids and fatty acids was determined for the livers, muscle, pancreas, kidney and stomach fluids of deepwater chondrichthyan species (including 11 squaliformes, 3 chimaeriformes, 1 hexanchiforme and 3 carcharhiniformes) caught as bycatch from continental waters off south-eastern Australia. The lipid class, fatty acid and fatty alcohol composition differed markedly in each tissue and in each species. The lipid and fatty acid composition of large, lipid-rich (38-70% wet weight, ww) livers demonstrated the multifunctional role of this organ in: lipid distribution, storage and biosynthesis, and buoyancy regulation. In the liver, the importance of certain lipids (including squalene, diacylglyceryl ethers, triacylglycerols and to a lesser extent wax esters) as mediators of buoyancy varied according to lifestyle and habitat. Less variability was observed in the muscle profiles, characterized by low lipid content (<1.0% ww) and high relative levels of polar lipids (>70%). The lipid and fatty acid profiles of the kidney and pancreas showed the highest intraspecific variability, suggesting these organs also have complex roles in lipid storage and metabolism. Overall intra- and interspecific differences in the tissue fatty acid profiles could be related to differences in a number of factors including phylogeny, habitat (depth), buoyancy regulation and diet and presumably also reflect different ecological roles. The lipid and fatty acid profiles are the first published for Rhinochimaera pacifica, Chimaera lignaria and Figaro boardmani and the first to demonstrate interspecific variation in lipid profiles of various tissues of deepwater chondrichthyans. The application of multivariate analysis to lipid class and fatty acid tissue profiles in chondrichthyans inferred dietary differences and metabolic preferences between species and habitats. These results have important implications for the future use of fatty acids as dietary tracers in chondrichthyan research.
Journal Article