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Chinese transnational migration in the age of global modernity : the case of Oceania
by
Liu, Liangni Sally, author
in
Chinese diaspora.
,
Chinese Oceania Migrations.
,
Chinese New Zealand.
2018
\"The term 'circulatory transnational migration' best describes the unconventional migratory route of many contemporary Chinese migrants - that is an unfinished set of circulatory movements that these migrants engage in between the homeland and various host countries. 'Return migration', 'step migration' to a third destination and the 'astronauting' strategy are all included within this circulatory migration movement wherein 'returning' to the country of origin does not always mean to settle back to the homeland permanently; while 'step migration' also does not necessarily mean to re-migrate to a third destination country for a permanent purpose. Liu takes a longitudinal perspective to study Chinese migrants' transnational movements and looks at their transnational migratory movements as a family matter and progressive and dynamic process, using New Zealand as a primary case study. She examines Chinese migrants' initial motives for immigrating to New Zealand; the driving forces behind their adoption of a transnational lifestyle which includes leaving New Zealand to return to China, moving to a third country - typically Australia - or commuting across borders; family-related considerations; inter-generational dynamics in transnational migration; as well as their future movement intentions. Liu also discusses Chinese migrants' conceptualisation of 'home', citizenship, identity, and sense of belonging to provide a deeper understanding of their transnational migratory experiences\"-- Provided by publisher.
Empire and Identity in Guizhou
2013,2014
This historical investigation describes the Qing imperial authorities' attempts to consolidate control over the Zhongjia, a non-Han population, in eighteenth-century Guizhou, a poor, remote, and environmentally harsh province in Southwest China. Far from submitting peaceably to the state’s quest for hegemony, the locals clung steadfastly to livelihood choices—chiefly illegal activities such as robbery, raiding, and banditry—that had played an integral role in their cultural and economic survival. Using archival materials, Indigenous folk narratives, and ethnographic research, Jodi Weinstein shows how these seemingly subordinate populations challenged state power.
Have you eaten yet? : stories from Chinese restaurants around the world
\"An eye-opening and soul-nourishing journey through Chinese food around the world. From Cape Town, South Africa, to small-town Saskatchewan, family-run Chinese restaurants are global icons of immigration, community and delicious food. The cultural outposts of far-flung settlers, bringers of dim sum, Peking duck and creative culinary hybrids, Chinese restaurants are a microcosm of greater social forces. They are an insight into time, history, and place. Author and film-maker Cheuk Kwan, a self-described \"card-carrying member of the Chinese diaspora,\" weaves a global narrative by linking the myriad personal stories of chefs, entrepreneurs, labourers and dreamers who populate Chinese kitchens worldwide. Behind these kitchen doors lies an intriguing paradox which characterizes many of these communities: how Chinese immigrants have resisted--or have often been prevented from--complete assimilation into the social fabric of their new homes. In both instances, the engine of their economic survival--the Chinese restaurant and its food--has become seamlessly woven into towns and cities all around the world. An intrepid travelogue of grand vistas, adventure and serendipity, Have You Eaten Yet? charts a living atlas of global migration, ultimately revealing how an excellent meal always tells an even better story\"-- Amazon.
The traditional Chinese medicine Qiliqiangxin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
2024
Previous findings have indicated the potential benefits of the Chinese traditional medicine Qiliqiangxin (QLQX) in heart failure. Here we performed a double-blind, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of QLQX in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This multicenter trial, conducted in 133 hospitals in China, enrolled 3,110 patients with HFrEF with NT-proBNP levels of ≥450 pg ml
−1
and left ventricular ejection fraction of ≤40%. Participants were randomized to receive either QLQX capsules or placebo (four capsules three times daily) alongside standard heart failure therapy. The trial met its primary outcome, which was a composite of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death: over a median follow-up of 18.3 months, the primary outcome occurred in 389 patients (25.02%) in the QLQX group and 467 patients (30.03%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio (HR), 0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.68−0.90;
P
< 0.001). In an analysis of secondary outcomes, the QLQX group showed reductions in both hospitalization for heart failure (15.63% versus 19.16%; HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.64−0.90;
P
= 0.002) and cardiovascular death (13.31% versus 15.95%; HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.68−0.996;
P
= 0.045) compared to the placebo group. All-cause mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.70−1.01;
P
= 0.058) and adverse events were also comparable between the groups. The results of this trial indicate that QLQX may improve clinical outcomes in patients with HFrEF when added to conventional therapy. ChiCTR registration:
ChiCTR1900021929
.
In a randomized controlled trial involving patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, treatment with Qiliqiangxin, a traditional Chinese medicine derived from 11 types of plants, decreased the incidence of cardiac events, as compared to placebo.
Journal Article
Kingdom of characters : the language revolution that made China modern
by
Tsu, Jing, author
in
Since 1900
,
Chinese characters History 20th century.
,
Chinese language Writing History 20th century.
2022
\"After a meteoric rise, China today is one of the world's most powerful nations. Just a century ago, it was a crumbling empire, with literacy reserved for the elite few. In Kingdom of Characters, Jing Tsu argues that China's greatest and most daunting challenge was a linguistic one. Just as important as China's technological and industrial advances and political maneuvers was the century-long fight to make the Chinese language-with its many dialects and complex character-based script-accessible to the modern world of global trade and digital technology. Kingdom of Characters follows the bold and cunning innovators who adapted the Chinese language to a world defined by the West and its alphabet: the exiled reformer who risked a death sentence to advocate for Mandarin as a national language, the Chinese Muslim poet who laid the groundwork for Chairman Mao's phonetic writing system, the imprisoned computer engineer who devised input codes for Chinese characters on the lid of a tea cup, among others. Without the advances they enabled, China might never have become the dominating force we know today. The revolution of the Chinese script is just as breathtaking as China's transformation into a capitalist juggernaut, in large part because those linguistic innovations literally enabled China's reinvention. With larger-than-life characters and an unexpected perspective on the major events of China's tumultuous twentieth century, Tsu reveals how language is both a technology to be perfected and a subtle yet potent power to be exercised and expanded\"-- Provided by publisher.
Traditional Chinese medicine FYTF-919 (Zhongfeng Xingnao oral prescription) for the treatment of acute intracerebral haemorrhage: a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial
2024
There are few proven treatments for acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage, and they all target reducing expansion of the haematoma. The traditional Chinese medicine FYTF-919 (Zhongfeng Xingnao) in an oral solution is comprised of several Chinese herbs that are widely used to treat patients with intracerebral haemorrhage in China on the understanding that they enhance resorption of the haematoma and reduce neuroinflammation. We aimed to provide a reliable assessment of the safety and efficacy of FYTF-919 in patients with moderate to severe acute intracerebral haemorrhage.
We did a pragmatic, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at 26 hospitals in China. We enrolled adults (age ≥18 years) with a diagnosis of symptomatic spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (confirmed by brain imaging) within 48 h after the onset of symptoms (or last seen well), which resulted in moderate to severe neurological impairment defined by scores of at least 8 on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale or between 7 and 14 inclusive on the Glasgow Coma Scale. Randomisation (1:1) was via a central internet-based system with a block grouping method stratified by provincial location of the hospital, severity of neurological impairment, and site of the haematoma in the brain. FYTF-919 and the placebo were masked through consistency in appearance, smell, taste, and other aspects. Participants were allocated to receive 33 mL (or 25 mL via a nasogastric tube if a participant's swallowing was impaired) of either oral liquid FYTF-919 or matching placebo administered at least 30 min after a meal every 8 h (or 6 h via nasogastric tube) over 24 h for 28 days. The primary efficacy outcome was the utility weighted modified Rankin Scale (a seven-level ordinal scale that ranges from 0 [no symptoms] to 6 [death], in which the utility weights of 0·97, 0·88, 0·74, 0·55, 0·20, –0·19, and 0·00 were assigned to the seven levels respectively, with higher scores indicating a better outcome according to the participants' perspective) at 90 days analysed in a general linear model with adjustment for baseline factors. We did several adjusted and sensitivity analyses. Primary analyses were assessed in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05066620 and is complete.
Between Nov 24, 2021, and Dec 28, 2023, of 9000 patients screened, 1648 were randomly assigned to treatment, 817 to the FYTF-919 group and 831 to the placebo group. Before receiving any treatment two patients in the FYTF-919 group and five patients in the placebo group immediately withdrew their consent leaving 1641 participants with available primary outcome data in the intention-to-treat population, 815 in the FYTF-919 group and 826 in the placebo group. 1242 (75·7%) participants consumed 80% or more of the study medication and 994 (60·6%) consumed all of it within 28 days. Mean utility weighted modified Rankin Scale scores at 90 days were 0·44 in the FYTF-919 group and 0·44 in the placebo group (difference 0·01, 95% CI −0·02 to 0·04; p=0·63). The neutral result was consistent in adjusted and sensitivity analyses. There was no significant difference in serious adverse events.
This large, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial showed no effect of the traditional Chinese medicine herbal compound FYTF-919 on functional recovery, survival, and health-related quality of life in patients with moderate to severe intracerebral haemorrhage. The results reaffirm the need for methodologically rigorous, randomised controlled trials to evaluate the effectiveness of existing therapies, including traditional Chinese medicines that are already in widespread use throughout the world.
Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province.
Journal Article
Against the Law
2007
This study opens a critical perspective on the slow death of socialism and the rebirth of capitalism in the world's most dynamic and populous country. Based on remarkable fieldwork and extensive interviews in Chinese textile, apparel, machinery, and household appliance factories, Against the Law finds a rising tide of labor unrest mostly hidden from the world's attention. Providing a broad political and economic analysis of this labor struggle together with fine-grained ethnographic detail, the book portrays the Chinese working class as workers' stories unfold in bankrupt state factories and global sweatshops, in crowded dormitories and remote villages, at street protests as well as in quiet disenchantment with the corrupt officialdom and the fledgling legal system.
Coolies and cane : race, labor, and sugar in the age of emancipation
by
Jung, Moon-Ho
in
Agricultural laborers
,
Agricultural laborers -- Louisiana -- Social conditions -- 19th century
,
Alien labor, Chinese -- Louisiana -- History -- 19th century
2006
2007 Winner of the Merle Curti Intellectual History Award of the Organization of American Historians, 2006 Winner of the History/Social Science Book Award of the Association of Asian American Studies
How did thousands of Chinese migrants end up working alongside African Americans in Louisiana after the Civil War? With the stories of these workers, Coolies and Cane advances an interpretation of emancipation that moves beyond U.S. borders and the black-white racial dynamic. Tracing American ideas of Asian labor to the sugar plantations of the Caribbean, Moon-Ho Jung argues that the racial formation of \"coolies\" in American culture and law played a pivotal role in reconstructing concepts of race, nation, and citizenship in the United States.
Jung examines how coolies appeared in major U.S. political debates on race, labor, and immigration between the 1830s and 1880s. He finds that racial notions of coolies were articulated in many, often contradictory, ways. They could mark the progress of freedom; they could also symbolize the barbarism of slavery. Welcomed and rejected as neither black nor white, coolies emerged recurrently as both the salvation of the fracturing and reuniting nation and the scourge of American civilization.
Based on extensive archival research, this study makes sense of these contradictions to reveal how American impulses to recruit and exclude coolies enabled and justified a series of historical transitions: from slave-trade laws to racially coded immigration laws, from a slaveholding nation to a \"nation of immigrants, \" and from a continental empire of manifest destiny to a liberating empire across the seas.
Combining political, cultural, and social history, Coolies and Cane is a compelling study of race, Reconstruction, and Asian American history.