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What happens to a country when its skilled workers emigrate? The first book to examine the complex economic, social, and political effects of emigration on India, Diaspora, Development, and Democracy provides a conceptual framework for understanding the repercussions of international migration on migrants' home countries.

A groundbreaking book that seeks to understand dance as labor,Sweating Sarisexamines dancers not just as aesthetic bodies but as transnational migrant workers and wage earners who negotiate citizenship and gender issues.Srinivasan merges ethnography, history, critical race theory, performance and post-colonial studies among other disciplines to investigate the embodied experience of Indian dance. The dancers' sweat stained and soaked saris, the aching limbs are emblematic of global circulations of labor, bodies, capital, and industrial goods. Thus the sweating sari of the dancer stands in for her unrecognized labor.Srinivasan shifts away from the usual emphasis on Indian women dancers as culture bearers of the Indian nation. She asks us to reframe the movements of late nineteenth century transnational Nautch Indian dancers to the foremother of modern dance Ruth St. Denis in the early twentieth century to contemporary teenage dancers in Southern California, proposing a transformative theory of dance, gendered-labor, and citizenship that is far-reaching.

Katharine Adeney demonstrates that institutional design is the most important explanatory variable in understanding the different intensity and types of conflict in the two countries rather than the role of religion. Adeney examines the extent to which previous constitutional choices explain current day conflicts.

Background Health care services express social and structural inequalities, especially for Dalits and women, due to the indignity and discrimination experienced in health care facilities. Jagrutha Mahila Sanghatane (JMS), a grass-roots organization led by neo-literate Dalit women in rural Karnataka in India, adopted a human rights-based social accountability (SA) approach to address discrimination and dignity in accessing maternal health services. This approach integrated community-based evidence with multi-pronged and multi-level accountability processes with their goal of socio-political empowerment. Methods The methodological approach is qualitative and uses document analysis, including thematic and content analysis, in-depth group discussions with the campaign leaders, participant observation and interviews with the community health workers. Results JMS embedded the practice and processes of SA in the politics of empowerment which was central to addressing the structural issues of discrimination and social exclusion faced by Dalit women. The human rights perspective and the pathway of conscientize-organize-struggle provided by the Dalit liberation leader, Dr B. R. Ambedkar, facilitated the organization to conceptualize SA as a process of claiming dignity and justice for Dalit women. Integrating the evidence generation and its deployment into the community campaign cycles, Dalit women could use the accountability process for intensifying mobilization and empowerment. The cumulative impact of the community enquiry relentlessly pursued through the framework of a campaign brought changes in several aspects of primary health care and specific dimensions of maternal health care. Community ownership of the SA process, participation and empowerment were integral to the generation, synthesis and deploying of evidence. Deploying evidence in multiple forms, both horizontally with the communities and vertically with the authorities deepened communities' mobilization and intensified Dalit women's negotiating power with the authorities. The iterative and persistent process of SA provides insights into re-articulating SA beyond the usual recognition of outputs such as report cards into the politics of meaning-making by the mobilized community of the marginalized. The community-based organization posited the SA itself as the process of resistance to structural injustice and as an avenue or their empowerment. Conclusions For marginalized communities, the SA process has the potential to be a tool for their empowerment in addressing structural power inequities. For such a repositioning of SA, it is critical to focus not only on the technicality of generating evidence but also on the framework driving such a process, the mode of evidence generation and deployment, and integration into the organizational strategy. Such a process can be equally empowering, efficient in addressing the systemic challenges of increasing marginalized community's access to health care services, and valuable in sustaining those changes. The analysis of the strategies of JMS offers significant insights for researchers and practitioners working on SA and maternal health to re-articulate SA from the point of politics of empowerment of the marginalized communities.

Socio-economic processes and climate change impact the socio-hydrology of many small towns in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH), such as Leh in Ladakh. The rapidly urbanising town experienced a shift from agricultural livelihoods towards incomes mainly relying on the tourism sector. As results of this research show, the limited water resources essential to the everyday life of urban citizens have become increasingly important for the tourism sector and the urbanisation process. This study aims to understand the transformation of the urban mountain waterscape and the role of different actors involved. The waterscape approach frames hydro-social relations in a specific spatial context and additionally captures diverging hydromentalities within local actor constellations. Related discourses are materialised as water governance impacting the everyday life of urban citizens. A combination of quantitative, qualitative and participatory methods allows for a differentiated picture of current developments. Based on 312 household questionnaires, 96 semi-structured interviews, and a participatory photography workshop, this study provides evidence that urban restructuring induced by development imaginaries produces uneven water citizenships in Leh. Along with socio-economic shifts, the community-managed water regulation system is replaced by a technocratic scheme, centralising water supply and sanitation. While some of Leh’s citizens benefit from urban restructurings, others are confronted with environmental and social costs, such as a deteriorating water quality and a further reduction in quantity.

In December 2019, massive protests began taking place across India, in Indian diasporic spaces, and on social media platforms to resist against the passage of the discriminatory Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), which for the first time introduced provisions to grant citizenship based on a person's religion and explicitly excluded Muslims from its scope. The protests were sustained well into 2020 until the COVID-19 pandemic hit and put a brake on the momentum the movement had gained thus far in person. The protests, led largely by women (particularly Muslim women) and marginalized groups in India saw huge participation across digital and off-line spaces. In this essay, I examine ways in which marginalized groups in India connect with what Radhika Gajjala has referred to as \"digital diasporas\" and use social media platforms to build transnational solidarities around the anti-CAA protests. (1) Additionally, I also map the ways in which online and off-line anti-CAA protests negotiate with, and are constrained by the state through instances of controlling internet access, creating counter-hashtag campaigns, and in extreme circumstances, blocking access to the internet altogether. When the anti-CAA protests began unfolding in December 2019, I was in India and had the opportunity to closely witness and participate in several online and off-line protests. Thus, the arguments in this essay draw considerably from my personal experiences of participating in the anti-CAA protests both online and in person.

Background Women in India are often asked to make informal payments for maternal health care services that the government has mandated to be free. This paper is a descriptive case study of a social accountability project undertaken by SAHAYOG, a nongovernmental organization in Uttar Pradesh, India. SAHAYOG worked with community-based organizations and a grassroots forum comprised of low caste, Muslim, and tribal women to decrease the prevalence of health provider demands that women and their families make informal payments. Methods The study entailed document review; interviews and focus group discussions with program implementers, governmental stakeholders, and community activists; and participant observation in health facilities. Results The study found that SAHAYOG adapted their strategy over time to engender greater empowerment and satisfaction among program participants, as well as greater impact on the health system. Participants gained knowledge resources and agency; they learned about their entitlements, had access to mechanisms for complaints, and, despite risk of retaliation, many felt capable of demanding their rights in a variety of fora. However, only program participants seemed successfully able to avoid making informal payments to the health sector; health providers still demanded that other women make payments. Several features of the micro and macro context shaped the trajectory of SAHAYOG’s efforts, including deeply rooted caste dynamics, low provider commitment to ending informal payments, the embeddedness of informal payments, human resources scarcity, and the overlapping private interests of pharmaceutical companies and providers. Conclusion Though changes were manifest in certain fora, providers have not necessarily embraced the notion of low caste, tribal, or Muslim women as citizens with entitlements, especially in the context of free government services for childbirth. Grassroots advocates, CBOs, and SAHAYOG assumed a supremely difficult task. Project strategy changes may have made the task somewhat less difficult, but given the population making the rights claims and the rights they were claiming, widespread changes in demands for informal payments may require a much larger and stronger coalition.

Background This study introduces a rippleeffect model that links Quality of Work Life (QWL), Psychological well-being (PWB), Organizational Role Stress (ORS), and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) within Indian universities—a context seldom examined as an integrated system. The aim is to show how QWL propagates through PWB and ORS to influence faculty citizenship behavior, thereby filling a gap in multivariate stress research. Methods Data were collected from 303 permanent faculty members in public and private universities in West Bengal, India. Participants completed validated scales for QWL, PWB, ORS, and OCB. Dimensional scores served as indicators. Reliability was assessed via Cronbach’s α and composite reliability (all ≥ 0.82). Harman’s singlefactor test confirmed negligible commonmethod variance. Hypotheses were tested with structuralequation modeling in AMOS; the model fit was evaluated with CFI, TLI, RMSEA, and SRMR. Results The final model showed a good fit (CMIN/df = 1.76; CFI = 0.92; TLI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.05). QWL was positively associated to PWB (β = 1.00, p  <.001) and negatively associated to ORS (β = − 0.15, p  =.021). PWB was associated to reduced ORS (β = − 0.12, p  =.002) and increased OCB (β = 0.07, p  =.002). ORS has a strong negative association with OCB (β = − 0.51, p  <.001). Mediation testing revealed that PWB partly mediated the QWL → ORS pathway, while ORS mediated both QWL → OCB and PWB → OCB. A sequential mediation (QWL → PWB → ORS → OCB) was also significant (β = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.023–0.108). The ripple effect model explained 63% of OCB variance. Conclusions This study reveals how systemic QWL improvements cascade through psychological and stress-related mechanisms to foster prosocial behaviors. It advances organizational stress theory by demonstrating these dynamics in a high-pressure academic context. Practical implications suggest prioritizing workload autonomy, and flexible policies to enhance well-being and institutional performance. The findings highlight the need for holistic, organization-level interventions over individual-focused approaches.