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Cho, N.W. and Lee, M.J., 2020. Exploring changes in coastal environment policy using text mining: A case study in South Korea. In: Jung, H.-S.; Lee, S.; Ryu, J.-H., and Cui, T. (eds.), Advances in Geospatial Research of Coastal Environments. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 102, pp. 47-53. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Land development activities performed in coastal areas are accompanied by environmental impacts, and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is used to mitigate such impacts. The characteristics of coastal environmental policy can be determined based on the content of EIA reports for development projects However, owing to the vast amounts of information regarding various environmental factors, including air, water, and soil, contained in such reports, their potential for analysis is limited. This study analyzed the terms of agreement for development projects—the result of EIA of coastal areas—using bibliometrics, a method that is widely used to analyze trends in academic research. Data on the EIA of coastal development projects conducted in South Korea over the past 25 years were collected, and the surveyed period was sub-divided into five-year periods to build datasets through text mining. Subsequently, trends in coastal environmental policy were analyzed over an extended period. The results of the analysis indicated that keywords related to the water environment showed the highest appearance frequency for the entire period due to the characteristics of coastal development projects. Keywords related to the natural ecological environment continued to show an increasing trend, while those related to the land environment showed a continuously decreasing trend. Based on correspondence analysis, the five sub-divided periods were broadly classified into three groups, and the principal inertia of the analysis was found to be approximately 89.6 %. The characteristics of the coastal environmental policy that were emphasized for each period were determined; land and life environments were found to be emphasized for the period between 1994 and 1999; water environments were emphasized between 2000 and 2009; and natural ecology environments were emphasized between 2010 and 2019. By contrast, atmospheric and socio-economic environments did not show a significant correlation. This study proposes methods of utilizing information provided by EIA reports to analyze environmental policy and offers new insights specifically applicable to coastal environmental policy.

\"Global marine and coastal systems are under increasing pressure, leading to competition and conflict over common pool resources. Holistic management strategies such as ecosystem-based management and marine protected areas have been slow and problematic as conflicts prevent political consensus. This book explores the types of conflicts that occur, the underlying reasons, and attempts to resolve them. Case studies cover shipping, fisheries and aquaculture, biodiversity conservation, energy and tourism sectors and are drawn from the northern and southern hemispheres as well as developed and developing countries, including Australia, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Ireland, UK and USA\"-- Provided by publisher.

With the rapid development of urban agglomerations in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), an increasing number of ecological problems have been exposed to the surrounding coastal zones. The timely and accurate understanding of the eco-environment in PRE has become of increasing concern. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate multi-temporal eco-environment conditions and then detect the conflicting patterns of the eco-environment under the influence of coastal exploitation in PRE. The ecological index was derived from remote sensing images by means of principal component analysis, and the composite coastal development index was then constructed to characterize the coastal exploitation from the perspective of ecological influence, which was implemented by using the panel data analysis. This method was verified with a significant test accuracy of 0.9. Based on this, the coupling coordination patterns of the coastal economy-environment system were disclosed for all six prefectural units at both the pixel scale and the city scale. The results showed that the coupling coordination degree and inner coupling relationships in each city presented periodical characteristics, with the highest values in 2008 and the lowest values in 1988. The dominant conflict between coastal exploitation and the eco-environment in each period was capricious. This evaluation will provide a reference for decision-making in coastal zone planning and ecological red line policy to encourage the sustainable development of coastal zones.

Seaweed processing offers significant opportunities to strengthen rural livelihoods by generating value-added products, particularly in coastal communities of developing countries. This study evaluates the financial viability, value-added distribution, and sustainability performance of householdbased seaweed stick processing in Palabusa village, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, using primary data from field observations, interviews, and enterprise records. Financial analysis confirmed strong economic feasibility, with a net annual profit of IDR 13.3 million, a revenue-cost (R/C) ratio of 1.44, and breakeven thresholds well below actual production levels. Value chain analysis revealed a price increase of up to 7,900% from farm-gate to retail, though upstream farmers remained disadvantaged. Application of the Hayami method estimated value-added at IDR 138,000 per kilogram, with 36.2% allocated to labor and 25.1% to profit, indicating both profitability and distributive potential. Sustainability assessment produced a composite index of 78.33 (\"Good\"), dominated by economic strength but constrained by social and environmental factors. Sensitivity simulations showed that integrated interventions - credit access and improved waste management - could raise the index to 87.33 (\"High\"). This study is among the first to combine the Hayami method with a composite sustainability index and sensitivity-based policy scenarios in household-scale seaweed snack processing. Findings provide empirical and methodological contributions for policymakers and development agencies, highlighting the potential of micro-scale agroindustries to promote inclusive and sustainable coastal development.

\"Coastal resources are vital for communities in developing countries, many of which live in abject poverty. These resources also hold significant value for a number of different sectors such as mining, fisheries and tourism, which supply expanding global consumer markets. Although there activities provide opportunities for economic and income growth, global patterns indicate growing levels of economic inequality between custodians of these resources and those exploiting them, as well as an increasing incidence in poverty. This book provides novel analyses of these issues, drawing from empirical research in South African and Mozambican coastal communities. It aims to deepen our knowledge about coastal resource use, who benefits and who loses and in what circumstances, why benefits and losses are distributed in the way that they are, the main blockages that prevent greater equity, and strategies to enhance more equitable benefit sharing.\" -- Back cover.

Brazdžiūnas, P.; Pupienis, D.; Jarmalavičius, D., and Žilinskas, G., 2024. Space–time tendencies of coastal dynamics based on morphometric and hydro-meteorological data (Curonian Spit, Lithuania). In: Phillips, M.R.; Al-Naemi, S., and Duarte, C.M. (eds.), Coastlines under Global Change: Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2024 (Doha, Qatar). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 113, pp. 300-304. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Varying tendencies of coastal development are observed in the Lithuanian part of the Curonian Spit. Since the past research were unable to assess the spatial variance of the factors shaping the coast, the reasons for varying tendencies are still hard to explain. Therefore this study aims to determine the dominant controlling factors leading to spatial variance of coastal tendencies in the Lithuanian part of the Curonian spit. Wind and wave reanalysis data were utilized to serve this purpose. It was used together with 12 cross-shore profile. Yearly changes in sediment volume and shoreline position were compared to the changes in wind and wave parameters using pearson correlation method. Results revealed prevailing sediment accumulation with varying magnitude between different sections. This may be linked to the steep angle of wave approach. Wind may be the main factor controlling the changes in sediment volume. The influence comes via hydrodynamics (waves and sea level). Local beach and nearshore morphometry conditions are responsible for the effect of these hydrodynamic factors, creating the spatial variance in coastal development.

Seagrass meadows, key ecosystems supporting fisheries, carbon sequestration and coastal protection, are globally threatened. In Europe, loss and recovery of seagrasses are reported, but the changes in extent and density at the continental scale remain unclear. Here we collate assessments of changes from 1869 to 2016 and show that 1/3 of European seagrass area was lost due to disease, deteriorated water quality, and coastal development, with losses peaking in the 1970s and 1980s. Since then, loss rates slowed down for most of the species and fast-growing species recovered in some locations, making the net rate of change in seagrass area experience a reversal in the 2000s, while density metrics improved or remained stable in most sites. Our results demonstrate that decline is not the generalised state among seagrasses nowadays in Europe, in contrast with global assessments, and that deceleration and reversal of declining trends is possible, expectingly bringing back the services they provide. Seagrass meadows are important but one of the most threatened ecosystems globally. Here the authors analyse data about extent and density of seagrasses in Europe from 1869 to 2016, and find evidence of recent trend reversal for declining European seagrass meadows.

Tropical beaches provide coastal flood protection, income from tourism, and habitat for flagship species. They urgently need protection from erosion, which is being exacerbated by changing climate and coastal development. Traditional coastal engineering solutions are expensive, provide unstable temporary solutions, and often disrupt natural sediment transport. Instead, natural foreshore stabilization and nourishment may provide a sustainable and resilient long-term solution. Field flume and ecosystem process measurements, along with data from the literature, show that sediment stabilization by seagrass in combination with sediment-producing calcifying algae in the foreshore form an effective mechanism for maintaining tropical beaches worldwide. The long-term efficacy of this type of nature-based beach management is shown at a large scale by comparing vegetated and unvegetated coastal profiles. We argue that preserving and restoring vegetated beach foreshore ecosystems offers a viable, self-sustaining alternative to traditional engineering solutions, increasing the resilience of coastal areas to climate change.