Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
32,084
result(s) for
"Cognitive control"
Sort by:
Brain and cognitive intelligence : control in robotics
\"The aim of the book is to introduce the state-of-the-art technologies in the field of brain and cognitive intelligence used in robotics control, particularly on studying how brain learns and controls complex motor skills and apply such to robots. This will be the first book that systematically and thoroughly deals with above topics. Advances made in the past decades will be well described in this book. Interesting topics such as human-robot interactions, neurorobotics, Biomechanics in robotic control, robot vision, force control, and control and coordination of humanoid robots are covered\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Anterior insular cortex is a bottleneck of cognitive control
Cognitive control, with a limited capacity, is a core process in human cognition for the coordination of thoughts and actions. Although the regions involved in cognitive control have been identified as the cognitive control network (CCN), it is still unclear whether a specific region of the CCN serves as a bottleneck limiting the capacity of cognitive control (CCC). Here, we used a perceptual decision-making task with conditions of high cognitive load to challenge the CCN and to assess the CCC in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. We found that the activation of the right anterior insular cortex (AIC) of the CCN increased monotonically as a function of cognitive load, reached its plateau early, and showed a significant correlation to the CCC. In a subsequent study of patients with unilateral lesions of the AIC, we found that lesions of the AIC were associated with a significant impairment of the CCC. Simulated lesions of the AIC resulted in a reduction of the global efficiency of the CCN in a network analysis. These findings suggest that the AIC, as a critical hub in the CCN, is a bottleneck of cognitive control.
•Activation of the right anterior insular cortex (AIC) is associated with information rate.•This activation is positively correlated with the capacity of cognitive control.•Lesions of the AIC impair the capacity of cognitive control.•Simulated lesions of the AIC lead to a reduction in the network global efficiency.
Journal Article
The aging brain : functional adaptation across adulthood
\"Brain aging has long been seen as a process of deterioration and decline. Today, this view been challenged with research showing that not all cognitive processes decline with age, that some improve over the course of adulthood, and those that improve can often compensate for those that decline. Chapters in this multidisciplinary volume examine the neural mechanisms underlying changes in the aging brain, changes in learning and memory, risk and protective factors, and the assessment and prevention of cognitive decline\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Natural Intelligence as the Brain of Intelligent Systems
This article discusses the concept and applications of cognitive dynamic systems (CDS), which are a type of intelligent system inspired by the brain. There are two branches of CDS, one for linear and Gaussian environments (LGEs), such as cognitive radio and cognitive radar, and another one for non-Gaussian and nonlinear environments (NGNLEs), such as cyber processing in smart systems. Both branches use the same principle, called the perception action cycle (PAC), to make decisions. The focus of this review is on the applications of CDS, including cognitive radios, cognitive radar, cognitive control, cyber security, self-driving cars, and smart grids for LGEs. For NGNLEs, the article reviews the use of CDS in smart e-healthcare applications and software-defined optical communication systems (SDOCS), such as smart fiber optic links. The results of implementing CDS in these systems are very promising, with improved accuracy, performance, and lower computational costs. For example, CDS implementation in cognitive radars achieved a range estimation error that is as good as 0.47 (m) and a velocity estimation error of 3.30 (m/s), outperforming traditional active radars. Similarly, CDS implementation in smart fiber optic links improved the quality factor by 7 dB and the maximum achievable data rate by 43% compared to those of other mitigation techniques.
Journal Article
Robotics, Vision and Control : Fundamental Algorithms In MATLAB® Second, Completely Revised, Extended And Updated Edition
Robotic vision, the combination of robotics and computer vision, involves the application of computer algorithms to data acquired from sensors. The research community has developed a large body of such algorithms but for a newcomer to the field this can be quite daunting. For over 20 years the author has maintained two open-source MATLAB® Toolboxes, one for robotics and one for vision. They provide implementations of many important algorithms and allow users to work with real problems, not just trivial examples. This book makes the fundamental algorithms of robotics, vision and control accessible to all. It weaves together theory, algorithms and examples in a narrative that covers robotics and computer vision separately and together. Using the latest versions of the Toolboxes the author shows how complex problems can be decomposed and solved using just a few simple lines of code. The topics covered are guided by real problems observed by the author over many years as a practitioner of both robotics and computer vision. It is written in an accessible but informative style, easy to read and absorb, and includes over 1000 MATLAB and Simulink® examples and over 400 figures. The book is a real walk through the fundamentals of mobile robots, arm robots. then camera models, image processing, feature extraction and multi-view geometry and finally bringing it all together with an extensive discussion of visual servo systems. This second edition is completely revised, updated and extended with coverage of Lie groups, matrix exponentials and twists; inertial navigation; differential drive robots; lattice planners; pose-graph SLAM and map making; restructured material on arm-robot kinematics and dynamics; series-elastic actuators and operational-space control; Lab color spaces; light field cameras; structured light, bundle adjustment and visual odometry; and photometric visual servoing. \"An authoritative book, reaching across fields, thoughtfully conceived and brilliantly accomplished!\" OUSSAMA KHATIB, Stanford.
Book
Activation of the cognitive control network associated with information uncertainty
The cognitive control network (CCN) that comprises regions of the frontoparietal network, the cingulo-opercular network, and other sub-cortical regions as core structures is commonly activated by events with an increase in information uncertainty. However, it is not clear whether this CCN activation is associated with both information entropy that represents the information conveyed by the context formed by a sequence of events and the surprise that quantifies the information conveyed by a specific type of event in the context. We manipulated entropy and surprise in this functional magnetic resonance imaging study by varying the probability of occurrence of two types of events in both the visual and auditory modalities and measured brain response as a function of entropy and surprise. We found that activation in regions of the CCN increased as a function of entropy and surprise in both the visual and auditory tasks. The frontoparietal network and additional structures in the CCN mediated the relationship between these information measures and behavioral response. These results suggest that the CCN is a high-level modality-general neural entity for the control of the processing of information conveyed by both context and event.
Journal Article
Problematic and risk behaviours in psychosis : a shared formulation approach
\"In spite of improved access to psychosocial interventions, many people with psychosis continue to experience persistent problems which act as significant barriers to their recovery. This book investigates risk and problem behaviours in psychosis including staff and service factors that can impede the delivery of effective care. Working with Problematic Behaviour in Psychosis provides a new approach for assessment formulation and intervention with such problem behaviours in a team context. Of particular interest will be: an outline of the SAFE (Shared Assessment, Formulation and Education) approach an integrative model for understanding risk and problematic behaviour shared risk assessment and management processes the use of CBT in day-to-day interactions with clients a set of formulation driven strategies for managing problematic behaviours case studies and vignettes providing guidance and highlighting the benefits of the approach. This book will have particular appeal to professionals working in residential care for those with complex mental health problems as well as those working in intensive community based services. It is also an excellent resource for those training in psychological therapies for complex mental health problems, risk assessment and management\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Rapid instructed task learning: A new window into the human brain’s unique capacity for flexible cognitive control
The human ability to flexibly adapt to novel circumstances is extraordinary. Perhaps the most illustrative, yet underappreciated, form of this cognitive flexibility is rapid instructed task learning (RITL)—the ability to rapidly reconfigure our minds to perform new tasks from instructions. This ability is important for everyday life (e.g., learning to use new technologies) and is used to instruct participants in nearly every study of human cognition. We review the development of RITL as a circumscribed domain of cognitive neuroscience investigation, culminating in recent demonstrations that RITL is implemented via brain circuits centered on lateral prefrontal cortex. We then build on this and the recent discovery of compositional representations within lateral prefrontal cortex to develop an integrative theory of cognitive flexibility and cognitive control that identifies mechanisms that may enable RITL within the human brain. The insights gained from this new theoretical account have important implications for further developments and applications of RITL research.
Journal Article
Resource sharing in cognitive control: Behavioral evidence and neural substrates
•The cognitive control network (CCN) involves in handling multiple concurrent requests of cognitive control.•Behavioral patterns in a dual conflict task supporting a central resource sharing model of cognitive control.•Activation in the cingulo-opercular network of the CCN were in parallel with the behavioral patterns.
Cognitive control is a capacity-limited function responsible for the resolution of conflict among competing cognitive processes. However, whether cognitive control handles multiple concurrent requests through a single bottleneck or a resource sharing mechanism remains elusive. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we examined the effect of dual flanker conflict processing on behavioral performance and on activation in regions of the cognitive control network (CCN). In each trial, participants completed two flanker conflict tasks (T1 and T2) sequentially, with the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) varied as short (100 ms) and long (1000 ms). We found a significant conflict effect (indexed by the difference between incongruent and congruent flanker conditions) in reaction time (RT) for both T1 and T2, together with a significant interaction between SOA and T1-conflict on RT for T2 with an additive effect. Importantly, there was a small but significant SOA effect on T1 with a prolonged RT under the short SOA compared to the long SOA. Increased activation in the CCN was associated with conflict processing and the main effect of SOA. The anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insular cortex showed a significant interaction effect between SOA and T1-conflict in activation parallel with the behavioral results. The behavioral and brain activation patterns support a central resource sharing model, in which the core resources for cognitive control are shared when multiple simultaneous conflicting processes are required.
Journal Article