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A planar coil of multiple loops connected in series and in parallel is proposed for wireless power transfer (WPT). The current direction in each loop is mixed in forward and in reverse. The proposed coil gives uniform mutual inductance and enables simple impedance matching for free-positioning WPT. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the latest evidence on the efficacy and safety of Neuroform Atlas-assisted coiling of intracranial aneurysms.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive search for articles that assessed the efficacy and safety of Neuroform Atlas-assisted coiling of intracranial aneurysms. The outcome measurement was adequate occlusion, defined as Raymond–Roy Class I (RR1) + Raymond–Roy Class II (RR2) by previous studies.ResultsA total of 557 patients (568 aneurysms) from 13 studies were included. The rate of adequate occlusion after the procedure was 88% (83–94%, I2: 72.21%), and the rates of RR1 and RR2 were 68% (60–77%, I2: 81.87%) and 21% (15–27%, I2: 66.10%), respectively. The adequate occlusion rate at 6 months was 90% (81–99%, I2: 58.04%) and 93% (91–96%, I2: 0%) at the end of a mean of 9.03 ± 1.03 months of follow-up. Periprocedural complications occurred in 35 patients [5% (3–8%, I2: 21.28%)]. Subgroup analysis of unruptured aneurysms showed that the rates of adequate occlusion were 85% (78–93%), 90% (79–100%) (6-month follow-up), and 93% (90–96%) (at the end of follow-up). For the wide-necked aneurysm subgroup, the rate of adequate occlusion was 86% (80–93%) and was 93% (89–97%) at the end of follow-up. Meta-regression showed that initial adequate occlusion was influenced by mean aneurysm neck size (p = 0.034).ConclusionNeuroform Atlas-assisted coiling is associated with an initial adequate occlusion rate of 88% and a periprocedural complication rate of 6%. The rate of initial adequate occlusion was 85% in unruptured aneurysms and 86% in wide-necked aneurysms.Level of EvidenceLevel 2, Systematic review of non-randomized and single-arm studies.

Further increase in the density of integrated planar lightwave circuits (PLCs) depends on the introduction of compact guided-wave layout solutions. We describe a novel architecture for coiling multistage interferometric devices with densities reaching the theoretical limit. Our approach is validated by the design, fabrication, and deployment of state-of-the-art PLCs based on the proposed architecture for use in datacom and telecom applications.

Saphenous vein graft aneurysms in patients who are at high risk for surgery can present a challenging management dilemma, particularly when large and symptomatic. We report the first-in-human use of a Ringer™ perfusion balloon catheter to facilitate percutaneous coiling of a coronary saphenous vein graft aneurysm. This technique enabled temporary occlusion of the aneurysm neck during coil embolization while maintaining distal coronary perfusion. This case highlights a novel approach to treating complex and large vein graft aneurysms, avoiding the need for covered stents or vascular plugging.

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is the third most common subtype of stroke. Incidence has decreased over past decades, possibly in part related to lifestyle changes such as smoking cessation and management of hypertension. Approximately a quarter of patients with SAH die before hospital admission; overall outcomes are improved in those admitted to hospital, but with elevated risk of long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae such as depression. The disease continues to have a major public health impact as the mean age of onset is in the mid-fifties, leading to many years of reduced quality of life. The clinical presentation varies, but severe, sudden onset of headache is the most common symptom, variably associated with meningismus, transient or prolonged unconsciousness, and focal neurological deficits including cranial nerve palsies and paresis. Diagnosis is made by CT scan of the head possibly followed by lumbar puncture. Aneurysms are commonly the underlying vascular cause of spontaneous SAH and are diagnosed by angiography. Emergent therapeutic interventions are focused on decreasing the risk of rebleeding (ie, preventing hypertension and correcting coagulopathies) and, most crucially, early aneurysm treatment using coil embolisation or clipping. Management of the disease is best delivered in specialised intensive care units and high-volume centres by a multidisciplinary team. Increasingly, early brain injury presenting as global cerebral oedema is recognised as a potential treatment target but, currently, disease management is largely focused on addressing secondary complications such as hydrocephalus, delayed cerebral ischaemia related to microvascular dysfunction and large vessel vasospasm, and medical complications such as stunned myocardium and hospital acquired infections.

Background: Intrasaccular flow disruptors (IFD) have been introduced in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) to overcome the low aneurysm occlusion rate and the high recanalization rate of the coiling technique. Among them, the Contour Neurovascular System (CNS) and the Neqstent (NQS) were designed to reconstruct the aneurysmal neck and both can be used as assisting coiling devices. We aimed to report our preliminary experience with the flow disruptor-assisted coiling (IFD-AC) technique. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of all patients with IAs treated with the IFD-AC. Results: Between February 2021 and April 2022, we treated 15 IAs with the IFD-AC: 10 ruptured and 5 unruptured. The IFD-AC was successfully performed in 13 cases, with a post-operative RROC 1 in 12 cases (92.3%) and RROC 2 in 1 case (7.7%). There was one ischemic event (6.7%) and no hemorrhagic complications. Twelve patients underwent a mid-term radiologic follow-up: Ten IAs (83.4%) presented an adequate occlusion, while 2 (16.7%) had a recurrence. Conclusions: The IFD-AC, both with the CNS and the NQS, seems a safe technique with promising efficacy profile. The IFD-AC has proved to be safe without antiplatelet therapy in ruptured cases. Further studies are needed to confirm our preliminary results.

PurposeWith the introduction of new devices and the development of approved devices, endovascular techniques are more and more considered as a treatment option for middle cerebral artery aneurysms (MCA). In this study, we present data on ruptured MCA aneurysms that were treated endovascularly in our hospital.Material and MethodsIn a retrospective case series of ruptured MCA bifurcation aneurysms, 118 (94%) cases were managed endovascularly between May 2008 and July 2017. Most were managed with coiling (= 62) and the remaining were managed with stent-assisted-coiling (= 35) and endovascular flow disruptor (WEB-device) (= 21). We measured the clinical outcome at the time of discharge and long-term follow-up on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and evaluated the rates of periprocedural complications and retreatment.ResultsA good clinical outcome (mRS 0–2) at discharge was achieved in 58.5% of these cases. Mortality rate was 19.5%. Nine aneurysms required retreatment. Eighty-three percent demonstrated a good clinical outcome at long-term follow-up (mRS 0–2). In total, 6 (5.1%) procedure-related complications and 10 (8.5%) disease-related complications occurred. No significant difference between reintervention, complications or outcome was found between the employment of different devices (P > 0.05). Endovascular treatment of ruptured MCA aneurysms at our practice showed similar morbidity and mortality to data published about surgical clipping.ConclusionThe endovascular device evolution permits a feasible and safe treatment of ruptured MCA bifurcation aneurysms. Endovascular treatment can therefore be considered as an alternative treatment option to microsurgery for this type of aneurysm.

Higher-efficiency, lower-cost refrigeration is needed for both large- and small-scale cooling. Refrigerators using entropy changes during cycles of stretching or hydrostatic compression of a solid are possible alternatives to the vapor-compression fridges found in homes. We show that high cooling results from twist changes for twisted, coiled, or supercoiled fibers, including those of natural rubber, nickel titanium, and polyethylene fishing line. Using opposite chiralities of twist and coiling produces supercoiled natural rubber fibers and coiled fishing line fibers that cool when stretched. A demonstrated twist-based device for cooling flowing water provides high cooling energy and device efficiency. Mechanical calculations describe the axial and spring-index dependencies of twist-enhanced cooling and its origin in a phase transformation for polyethylene fibers.

•A multicenter cohort of patients with acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms treated stent-assisted coiling.•A lower rate of perioperative complications in the treatment within 24 h.•The LVIS stent achieved a high complete aneurysm occlusion.•Clinical outcomes and angiographic results did not differ between the treatment of 24 h and that between 25−72 h. Stent-assisted coiling is increasingly used in the treatment of acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms. However, the optimal timing of the stent-assisted coiling remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of the Low Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) stent for ruptured aneurysms treatment within 24 h comparing to the treatment between 25 and 72 h of symptom onset. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study on 110 consecutive patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms. These patients were treated with LVIS stent within 72 h in four tertiary hospitals between January 2017 and December 2017. The timing of treatment was grouped into the treatment within 24 h and the treatment between 25 and 72 h. Baseline characteristics, periprocedural complications, angiographic results, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. A total of 101 patients were included. 49 (48.5 %) patients were treated within 24 h and 52 (51.5 %) within between 25 and 72 h. Periprocedural complications occurred in 2 (4.1 %) patients treated within 24 h compared with those in 10 (19.2 %) treated between 25−72 h (P = 0.032). No early rebleeding occurred in both groups. 45 (91.8 %) of 49 aneurysms had complete occlusion on immediate angiography compared with 46 (88.5 %) of 52 aneurysms had complete occlusion. 2 (2.0 %) aneurysms were retreated. The clinical outcomes and angiographic results did not differ between the two groups. The LVIS stent-assisted coiling may be safe and effective in the treatment of selected patients with ruptured aneurysms within 24 h of symptom onset.

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) generate an aerosol by heating a solution (e-liquid) with a metallic coil. Whether metals are transferred from the coil to the aerosol is unknown. Our goal was to investigate the transfer of metals from the heating coil to the e-liquid in the e-cigarette tank and the generated aerosol. We sampled 56 e-cigarette devices from daily e-cigarette users and obtained samples from the refilling dispenser, aerosol, and remaining e-liquid in the tank. Aerosol liquid was collected via deposition of aerosol droplets in a series of conical pipette tips. Metals were reported as mass fractions (μg/kg) in liquids and converted to mass concentrations (mg/m ) for aerosols. Median metal concentrations (μg/kg) were higher in samples from the aerosol and tank vs. the dispenser (all <0.001): 16.3 and 31.2 vs. 10.9 for Al; 8.38 and 55.4 vs. <0.5 for Cr; 68.4 and 233 vs. 2.03 for Ni; 14.8 and 40.2 vs. 0.476 for Pb; and 515 and 426 vs. 13.1 for Zn. Mn, Fe, Cu, Sb, and Sn were detectable in most samples. Cd was detected in 0.0, 30.4, and 55.1% of the dispenser, aerosol, and tank samples respectively. Arsenic was detected in 10.7% of dispenser samples (median 26.7μg/kg) and these concentrations were similar in aerosol and tank samples. Aerosol mass concentrations (mg/m ) for the detected metals spanned several orders of magnitude and exceeded current health-based limits in close to 50% or more of the samples for Cr, Mn, Ni, and Pb. Our findings indicate that e-cigarettes are a potential source of exposure to toxic metals (Cr, Ni, and Pb), and to metals that are toxic when inhaled (Mn and Zn). Markedly higher concentrations in the aerosol and tank samples versus the dispenser demonstrate that coil contact induced e-liquid contamination. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2175.