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Undergraduates' & Faculty Members' Views on Scientific Reading & Communication in Authentic Inquiry
Scientific reading and communication have become key components in postsecondary science education. However, undergraduates have often been found to lack motivation to engage in these tasks. The present study surveyed 2098 undergraduates and 27 biology faculty members to compare their views on the importance and time cost of eight practices in authentic inquiry. Overall, the undergraduates considered scientific reading and communication less important than other inquiry practices (e.g., data analysis), whereas the faculty members ranked reading and writing highly important. The undergraduates who ranked scientific reading and communicative practices important tended to include the purposes and functions of these practices in their explanations. In contrast, the undergraduates who ranked the practices less important expressed multiple misconceptions about the applications of reading and communication, including that they are peripheral research components; they may not affect the inquiry results; they come after experiments; they are less important than other practices; and they are unnecessary. Four inquiry perspectives were identified from the respondents, including collective equality, knowledge generation, chronological order, and time investment. These perspectives significantly impacted undergraduates' rankings on scientific reading and communication practices and six underlying perceptions.
Journal Article
Challenges and Accomplishments of Practicing Formative Assessment: a Case Study of College Biology Instructors’ Classrooms
This study presents a glimpse into the private classrooms of biology instructors and the way they practice formative assessments within a college context. Drawing on the personal practice assessment theory model from Box, Skoog and Dabbs (2015), we carried out a multiple case study to investigate two biology instructors’ theories in enacting formative assessment practices. Data collected included classroom observations, instructor interviews, course artifacts, and student focus groups. Qualitative data analysis revealed that each instructor’s core personal practical assessment theories affected implementation of formative assessment. Tasha’s core assessment theories led her to believe that assessment should be a carefully planned motivational and learning opportunity for students. Meanwhile, Jack viewed assessment as a diverse and stress-free student learning experiment. Cross-case analysis revealed that the teachers’ reasoning and decision-making differences were based on the interaction of their personal practical assessment theories and contextual elements. Overall, this study provides insights into the practice of formative assessment in higher education and identifies some challenges and opportunities such assessment presents.
Journal Article
The years that matter most : how college makes or breaks us
\"The best-selling author of How Children Succeed returns with a devastatingly powerful, mind-changing inquiry into higher education in the United States\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Comparing Practical Items in High-Stake Exams in Different Science Subjects: in View of the Diversity of Scientific Methods
This paper aimed to investigate how the diversity of scientific methods is represented in practical items of college entrance examinations from three science subjects in China. The study was conducted based on the theoretical framework derived from Brandon’s Matrix consisting of four types of scientific methods. National Papers for comprehensive science examination in 2022 were selected as the analysis targets. The results revealed that the imbalanced representation of scientific methods existed in college entrance science examinations. The percentage of non-manipulative parameter measurement (NPM) was relatively high, while manipulative hypothesis testing (MHT) was presented in a limited capacity, indicating the practical items in China are less experimental. Furthermore, the distribution of the four types of scientific methods in practical items varied across the three science subjects. At the end of this paper, the implications of the findings and the suggestions for the further studies were discussed.
Journal Article
Warp
Twenty-something Hollis Kessler languishes in a hopelessly magician-less world (with the exception of a fleet-footed nymph named Xanthe) not too far from where he graduated college. His friends do, too. They sleep late, read too much, drink too much, talk too much, and work and earn and do way too little. But Hollis does have an obsession: there's another world going on in his head, a world of excitement and danger and starships and romance, and it's telling him that it's time to stop dreaming and get serious.
Book
Antidiabetic Effect of Germinated Lens culinaris Medik Seed Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice
seed has been used in traditional practices to treat various ailments, including diabetes mellitus, in Ethiopia. Previous phytochemical screening studies indicated that germination of the seed of
contains more bioactive constituents compared to raw seeds. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic activity of an aqueous methanol extract of germinated
seed extract in streptozotocin (Stz)-induced diabetic mice.
The antidiabetic effect of germinated
seed extract was determined using Stz-induced diabetic mice. An 80% aqueous methanol extract of germinated
seed at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg was used in the treatment group. Glibenclamid (5 mg/kg) and dimethyl sulfoxide 2% were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The test extract and controls were given daily for 3 weeks. Blood-glucose levels and body-weight changes were measured weekly. Lipid-profile levels were measured at the end of each experiment. Oral glucose-tolerance tests were performed to evaluate the postprandial effect of the extract.
The aqueous methanol extract of germinated
significantly reduced blood-glucose levels and increased body weight (
<0.05). The extract also improved serum-lipid profiles in diabetic mice after 21 days (
<0.05). The seed extract also resulted in significant reductions in blood-glucose levels after an oral glucose load in normal mice (
<0.05).
An aqueous methanol extract of germinated
seed has both antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects.
Journal Article