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This research approaches corruption, recognizing the importance of informal transnational networks in perpetuating corruption. The general objective is to understand, under the post-colonial lens, how corruption is a transnational phenomenon. We conducted a qualitative research, analyzing documents on corruption cases involving a large international bank: HSBC Holdings Plc. The empirical material was extracted from the organization International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) and the British newspaper The Guardian, and it was submitted to the thematic analysis. The final thematic map highlights two themes that reveal colonial relations: the complicity of agents in the financial system with offenders; and the impunity of the colonizer with these same agents. The results point to a historical pattern of leniency and connivance between the Bank and criminals, with several accusatory processes closed with agreements, summarized in fines that, no matter how large they were in relation to the practices of justice until then, it did not represent sanctions that would inhibit any possible recurrences.

Drawing on various empirical examples (e.g. lithium, green hydrogen, REDD+), several studies point out that the global energy transition continues to be based on the geographic externalization of labour, natural resources, and sinks. The energy transition thus increases the pressure on natural resources in Latin America and reproduces the continent’s position as the world’s raw material supplier. This is increasingly referred to as ‘green colonialism’ by (scholar) activists. Moving past a merely provocative catchphrase, in this paper, I discuss the analytical implications and value of the term green colonialism for normative politicalecological research. In so doing, it becomes evident that the coloniality of the energy transition has to be understood as a political-epistemological project. This is of particular relevance for Latin America. Embedded in the hegemonic Euro-North American-centered modernity, the energy transition advances techno-optimist solutions and reproduces patterns of thought, knowledge and action. However, it soon becomes evident that the geographies of decarbonization are significantly more complex and shaped by multiple actors, policies, and strategies. Therefore, further research is needed on the geopolitics and geopolitical economy of the energy transition, going beyond the North-South dichotomy. A partir de diversos ejemplos empíricos (litio, hidrógeno verde, REDD+), varios estudios señalan que la transición energética global sigue basándose en la externalización geográfica de mano de obra, recursos naturales y sumideros. La transición energética aumenta así la presión sobre los recursos naturales en Latinoamérica y reproduce la posición del continente como proveedor mundial de materias primas. Los activistas (académicos) se refieren cada vez más a este fenómeno como “colonialismo verde”. Más allá de un eslogan meramente provocador, en este artículo discuto las implicaciones analíticas y el valor del término colonialismo verde para la investigación político-ecológica normativa. Al hacerlo, se hace evidente que la colonialidad de la transición energética debe entenderse como un proyecto político-epistemológico. Esto es de particular relevancia para Latinoamérica. Inserta en la modernidad hegemónica euro-norteamericana, la transición energética avanza soluciones tecnooptimistas y reproduce patrones de pensamiento, conocimiento y acción. Sin embargo, pronto se hace evidente que las geografías de la descarbonización son significativamente más complejas y están conformadas por múltiples actores, políticas y estrategias. Por lo tanto, es necesario seguir investigando sobre la geopolítica y la economía geopolítica de la transición energética, más allá de la dicotomía norte-sur.

Leila Zak writes in English and Spanish. She won Oxford’s Spanish Flash Fiction Competition for her piece ’Salvavidas’ in 2022. Her research interests, however, are cross-continental. Inspired by her volunteer work with refugees in Hong Kong, she wrote a debut novel Displaced and Erased (which was self-translated into Spanish). The following collection of three poems, Tierra y mar, presents an exploration of the generational silencing of indigenous languages and cultures in Latin America that has come with colonialism and forced-assimilation. She lives in Hong Kong.

Review-essay de: • TAYLOR, Ian, African politics: A very short Introduction, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2018, pp. 141. • ÁLVAREZ COBELAS, Juan, África Saquead: La Occidentalización y sus trampas, Queimada Ediciones, Madrid, 2015, pp. 574.

This article examines the dependency of British teak logging and shipbuilding on elephant-based labor in Burma (Myanmar) and India during the nineteenth century. Asian elephants were essential as a means of commodity extraction, offering irreplaceable forms of mobility across difficult forest terrain. At the same time, from the standpoint of colonial control, a frustrating feature of the elephants was their unwillingness to mate when in captivity, raising the issue of how to replenish this animal workforce. Practices of elephant stewardship in Burma, where trained elephants were released into the forest on a nightly basis to roam and mate, became of great interest to the very technics of empire. This release system came with a political limitation, however: The humans in the forest adept at working this system of nightly elephant releases presented challenges to colonial control, not least because of the nature of the work such people did, which occurred in a zone beyond the view of the state. These elephant tenders, and perhaps by extension the elephants themselves, were \"Zomian\" in J. C. Scott's sense of being spatially state-evasive-indeed, means of politically evasive mobility was the most robust use-value of the trained elephants. The case of colonial elephant logging stands as an important indicator that if an intelligent creature with irreplaceable labor power refuses to compromise sovereign control over its practices of reproduction, the creature could force territorial and political concessions from the surrounding edifice of power. The article draws mainly on archival research and also on ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2013 and 2017. Key Words: Burma (Myanmar), colonialism, elephants, logging, Zomia.

A literatura dominante sobre negócios internacionais tem desempenhado um papel fundamental em um processo internacional assimétrico ao priorizar o poder hegemônico e o domínio dos países desenvolvidos. As práticas desse imperialismo, especialmente por empresas multinacionais, estão tradicionalmente enraizadas em legados coloniais. Este artigo, portanto, tem como objetivo revisar a pesquisa teórica e empírica sobre negócios internacionais sob a perspectiva crítica do pós-colonialismo. Os resultados mostram que as empresas multinacionais possuem vantagens sobre o país anfitrião, sugerindo, ainda, traços de domínio entre colonizadores e ex-colônias. Especificamente, os resultados mostram que tópicos sobre linguagem, escravidão, mecanismos de controle e imperialismo e capitalismo são dominantes no campo dos negócios internacionais, sugerindo um forte efeito do colonialismo histórico nas atividades comerciais internacionais. A análise crítica fundamentada em perspectivas pós-coloniais e de negócios internacionais chama a atenção para algumas vertentes negligenciadas, senão intocadas, com lacunas substanciais no conhecimento prevalente, abrindo novos caminhos para pesquisas futuras.

Reseña de: Domínguez de Olazábal, I. (2022). Palestina: Ocupación, colonización, segregación. Los Libros de la Catarata, 220 pp.