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The Shi'ites of Lebanon
The complex history of Lebanese Shi'ites has traditionally been portrayed as rooted in religious and sectarian forces. The Abisaabs uncover a more nuanced account in which colonialism, the modern state, social class, and provincial politics profoundly shaped Shi'i society.The authors trace the sociopolitical, economic, and intellectual transformation of the Shi'ites of Lebanon from 1920 during the French colonial period until the late twentieth century. They shed light on the relationship of contemporary Islamic militancy with traditions of religious modernism and leftism in both Lebanon and Iraq. Analyzing the interaction between sacred and secular features of modern Shi'ite society, the authors clearly follow the group's turn toward religious revolution and away from secular activism. This book transforms our understanding of twentieth-century Lebanese history and demonstrates how the rise of Hizbullah was conditioned by Shi'ites' consistent marginalization and neglect by the Lebanese state.
eBook
Red diaper baby : a boyhood in the age of McCarthyism
\"Red Diaper Baby is James Laxer's compelling and extraordinary memoir of growing up in a communist family during the height of the Cold War. When Jim was born in a Montreal hospital, his father was living in hiding under an assumed name. And when it came time to begin school in Ottawa, Jim was enrolled under a false birth date. Throughout his childhood he was repeatedly instructed not to tell anyone what his father did for work. Laxer's parents were dedicated members of the Communist Party, true believers in an ideology that was generally reviled and had been outlawed during much of World War II. From an early age, Laxer was collecting signatures on ban-the-bomb petitions, delivering Party flyers door to door, attending eccentric left-wing Camp Naivelt, and campaigning for the charismatic J. B. Salsberg, a Communist MPP in the Ontario legislature. Dramatic, humorous, and full of period detail, Red Diaper Baby offers a rare look at the McCarthy years through the eyes of a child. It also explains a great deal about Laxer's eventual and crucial role in the founding of the Waffle faction of the NDP, his continued engagement with the left, and his evolution into one of Canada's preeminent intellectuals.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
COMMUNISME OU DÉMOCRATIE RADICALE ?
It is the very idea of Communism that is to be questioned, insofar as it implies an anti-political view of society whereby all antagonisms would eventually be ruled out, and in which domination, the State, and all the other regulating institutions would be deprived of any relevance. Clearly, social divisions and antagonisms are socially constitutive. They demand or aspire to hegemonic order. In consequence, the substance of emancipation does not consist in reconciliation but in a radical democracy, in the extension of democratic struggle to ever larger social fields.
Journal Article
Blueprints and blood : the Stalinization of Soviet architecture, 1917-1937
Analyzing \"totalitarianism from below\" in a crucial area of Soviet culture, Hugh Hudson shows how Stalinist forces within the architectural community destroyed an avant-garde movement of urban planners and architects, who attempted to create a more humane built environment for the Soviet people. Through a study of the ideas and constructions of these visionary reformers, Hudson explores their efforts to build new forms of housing and \"settlements\" designed to free the residents, especially women, from drudgery, allowing them to participate in creative work and to enjoy the \"songs of larks.\" Resolving to obliterate this movement of human liberation, Stalinists in the field of architecture unleashed a \"little\" terror from below, prior to Stalin's Great Terror. Using formerly secret Party archives made available by perestroika, Hudson finds in the rediscovered theoretical work of the avant-garde architects a new understanding of their aims. He shows, for instance, how they saw the necessity of bringing elite desires for a transformed world into harmony with the people's wish to preserve national culture. Such goals brought their often divided movement into conflict with the Stalinists, especially on the subject of collectivization. Hudson's provocative work offers evidence that in spite of the ultimate success of the Stalinists, the Bolshevik Revolution was not monolithic: at one time it offered real architectural and human alternatives to the Terror.
Book
POUR UN RETOUR À LA CRITIQUE DE L’ÉCONOMIE POLITIQUE
If value, as the abstraction of use value, as real abstraction, is at the very beginning of conceptual thought, it implies an idealistic representation of society. Hegel’s logic is not however that of Marx’s Capital. It is rather a mystifying expression of the real inversion, between man and thing, of a subjectivity that is immerged in a substantial totality and which is to be understood in materialistic terms: Spirit is a substance that subsists only through the activity of the subjects engaged in it. Such is the process of capital. Communism emerges only through its failures to actualize itself fully. This is the starting point for a consideration of material labor and rent.
Journal Article
REMARQUES DE CIRCONSTANCE SUR LE COMMUNISME
The following preparatory notes are offered as a reaction to a somewhat surprising event: the renewed interest in « communism » and its symbolism. These remarks seek to define the conditions for a genuine debate, one that will avoid confusions and impostures. “Who are the communists?” in a given political conjuncture. That is a question which, today, in the framework of a global capitalist crisis, must be given primacy over the question “what is communism?” We must remind ourselves, furthermore, that this was already the case in the Communist Manifesto. A genealogy must nevertheless be attempted, if we are to trace back Marxian communism to its multifold (Western) background. To conclude, these remarks offer a diagnosis of the theoretical aporias in Marx, which are also the conditions for a critical incorporation of his theory within new emancipatory projects.
Journal Article
MARX ET LE COMMUNISME
Marx was always extremely reluctant to offer a positive description of a communist society. Communism, for Marx, is neither an ideal nor a utopia. This does not mean that communism is an immanent process through which capitalism is to abolish itself, in a quasi-automatic manner. Capitalism sows the seeds of a communist society. However these seeds cannot grow spontaneously. This is because capitalism simultaneously generates obstacles to their full development. Clearly, the idea of communism has no meaning for Marx apart from an action that is consciously and voluntarily opposed to these impediments. Communism is thus a dynamic which already exist. Its only existence is however through the praxis of those who actually struggle for the flourishing of a higher form of life.
Journal Article
LE COMMUNISME ENTRE PHILOSOPHIE, PROPHÉTIE ET THÉORIE
Communism opposes both Liberalism, which articulates the standpoint of capitalist property, and Socialism, taken as the model of those who incarnate « managerial competence”. So far as Marxism is concerned, it conveys the ambiguous design of a Communism understood in terms of Socialism. In this sense, Marxian discourse does entail a certain relation with « real socialism », and also with Western socialisms. The discredit which has fallen upon the latter would appear to be an invitation to take up the banner of Communism or of the “Common” as an alternative to the (socialist) alternative. The approaches of Badiou, Rancière and Negri are here reconsidered in the light of a « metastructural » problematic.
Journal Article
EST-IL POSSIBLE D’ÊTRE COMMUNISTE SANS MARX ?
It is evident that when Marxist communism achieved its actual realization the State became omnipotent and the Public falsified the Common. Do struggles for communism therefore have to start by eliminating Marx’s thought? The answer is no. Communism needs Marx in order to root itself within Common praxis. Contrary to what a few contemporary philosophers think, without historical ontology there is no communism. Without a logic of production, the communist struggle cannot become an “event”.
Journal Article