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We study the problem of community detection in multilayer networks, where pairs of nodes can be related in multiple modalities. We introduce a general framework, that is, mixture multilayer stochastic block model (MMSBM), which includes many earlier models as special cases. We propose a tensor-based algorithm (TWIST) to reveal both global/local memberships of nodes, and memberships of layers. We show that the TWIST procedure can accurately detect the communities with small misclassification error as the number of nodes and/or number of layers increases. Numerical studies confirm our theoretical findings. To our best knowledge, this is the first systematic study on the mixture multilayer networks using tensor decomposition. The method is applied to two real datasets: worldwide trading networks and malaria parasite genes networks, yielding new and interesting findings.

The problem of local community detection in graphs refers to the identification of a community that is specific to a query node and relies on limited information about the network structure. Existing approaches for this problem are defined to work in dynamic network scenarios, however they are not designed to deal with complex real-world networks, in which multiple types of connectivity might be considered. In this work, we fill this gap in the literature by introducing the first framework for local community detection in multilayer networks (ML-LCD). We formalize the ML-LCD optimization problem and provide three definitions of the associated objective function, which correspond to different ways to incorporate within-layer and across-layer topological features. We also exploit our framework to generate multilayer global community structures. We conduct an extensive experimentation using seven real-world multilayer networks, which also includes comparison with state-of-the-art methods for single-layer local community detection and for multilayer global community detection. Results show the significance of our proposed methods in discovering local communities over multiple layers, and also highlight their ability in producing global community structures that are better in modularity than those produced by native global community detection approaches.

Compared to global community detection, local community detection aims to find communities that contain a given node. Therefore, it can be regarded as a specific and personalized community detection task. Local community detection algorithms based on modularity are widely studied and applied because of their concise strategies and prominent effects. However, they also face challenges, such as sensitivity to seed node selection and unstable communities. In this paper, a local community detection algorithm based on local modularity density is proposed. The algorithm divides the formation process of local communities into a core area detection stage and a local community extension stage according to community tightness based on the Jaccard coefficient. In the core area detection stage, the modularity density is used to ensure the quality of the communities. In the local community extension stage, the influence of nodes and the similarity between the nodes and the local community are utilized to determine boundary nodes to reduce the sensitivity to seed node selection. Experimental results on real and artificial networks demonstrated that the proposed algorithm can detect local communities with high accuracy and stability.

Community detection is an important research area in social networks analysis where we are concerned with discovering the structure of the social network. Detecting communities is of great importance in sociology, biology and computer science, disciplines where systems are often represented as graphs. This problem is an NP-hard problem and not yet solved to a satisfactory level. This computational complexity is hampered by two major factors. The first factor is related to the huge size of nowadays social networks like Facebook and Twitter reaching billions of nodes. The second factor is related to the dynamic nature of social networks whose structure evolves over time. For this, community detection in social networks analysis is gaining increasing attention in the scientific community and a lot of research was done in this area. The main goal of this paper is to give a comprehensive survey of community detection algorithms in social graphs. For this, we provide a taxonomy of existing models based on the computational nature (either centralized or distributed) and thus in static and dynamic social networks. In addition, we provide a comprehensive overview of existing applications of community detection in social networks. Finally, we provide further research directions as well as some open challenges.

A critical question in network neuroscience is how nodes cluster together to form communities, to form the mesoscale organisation of the brain. Various algorithms have been proposed for identifying such communities, each identifying different communities within the same network. Here, (using test–retest data from the Human Connectome Project), the repeatability of thirty‐three community detection algorithms, each paired with seven different graph construction schemes were assessed. Repeatability of community partition depended heavily on both the community detection algorithm and graph construction scheme. Hard community detection algorithms (in which each node is assigned to only one community) outperformed soft ones (in which each node can belong to more than one community). The highest repeatability was observed for the fast multi‐scale community detection algorithm paired with a graph construction scheme that combines nine white matter metrics. This pair also gave the highest similarity between representative group community affiliation and individual community affiliation. Connector hubs had higher repeatability than provincial hubs. Our results provide a workflow for repeatable identification of structural brain networks communities, based on the optimal pairing of community detection algorithm and graph construction scheme. We reported an exploratory research article searching over a large set of graph construction schemes and community‐detection algorithms, with the main aim to detect repeatable community and hub identification. Our analysis based on a test–retest dMRI study provided free from the Human Connectome Project.

Community structure is an important characteristic of complex networks. Uncovering communities in complex networks is currently a hot research topic in the field of network analysis. Local community detection algorithms based on seed-extension are widely used for addressing this problem because they excel in efficiency and effectiveness. Compared with global community detection methods, local methods can uncover communities without the integral structural information of complex networks. However, they still have quality and stability deficiencies in overlapping community detection. For this reason, a local community detection algorithm based on internal force between nodes is proposed. First, local degree central nodes and Jaccard coefficient are used to detect core members of communities as seeds in the network, thus guaranteeing that the selected seeds are central nodes of communities. Second, the node with maximum degree among seeds is pre-extended by the fitness function every time. Finally, the top k nodes with the best performance in pre-extension process are extended by the fitness function with internal force between nodes to obtain high-quality communities in the network. Experimental results on both real and artificial networks show that the proposed algorithm can uncover communities more accurately than all the comparison algorithms.

We propose a geographical location and trust-based framework combined with community detection algorithms to filter communities of malicious users in 5G social networks. This framework utilizes geo-location information, community trust within the network and AI community detection algorithms to identify users that can cause harm. It has a benefit over some other fake user detection mechanisms because it takes into account the characteristics that a malicious user cannot easily fake like the geographical location and community trust built throughout time. We illustrate the proposed framework on synthetic social network data. Results show this framework can distinguish potential malicious users from trustworthy users based on their location, trust, and structural attributes.

Networks offer a wide range of applications in various domains of life and scientific research. Community detection, which aims at understanding the structure and function of complex networks, is a basic and essential task in network analysis. In this study, we propose an approach for community detection in a dynamic network based on network embedding, incorporating both network topology and node attributes. Furthermore, we analyze the evolution of statistician collaborative patterns and statistical research topics based on dynamic co-authorship networks through publications that are collected from 43 statistical journals from 2001 to 2021. Specifically, we explore the dynamic community detection results based on the newly proposed approach and conduct statistical analysis from the following perspectives. First, the evolution information of the community center is mined. Second, we explore the collaboration mode of community institutions. Finally, we track the evolution of community research content. This study provides a novel method for exploring network representation with node attributes and the analysis of dynamic community detection, as well as offers multiple perspectives for community detection analysis.

In recent years, extensive studies have been carried out in community detection for social network analysis because it plays a crucial role in social network systems in today's world. However, most social networks in the real world have complex overlapping social structures, one of the NP-hard problems. This paper presents a new model for overlapping community detection that uses a multi-objective approach based on a hybrid optimization algorithm. In this model, the Modified Selection Function (MSF) hybrids the algorithms and recovery mechanism, the Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA), the Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), and the association strategy. Also, considering that these algorithms have been presented to solve single-objective optimization problems, the Pareto dominance technique has been used to solve multi-objective problems. In addition to overlapping community detection and increasing detection accuracy, the fuzzy clustering technique has been used to select the heads of clusters. Sixteen synthetic and real-world data sets were utilized to assess the suggested model, and the outcomes were contrasted with those of existing optimization techniques. The proposed model has performed better than the other tested algorithms in comparing the tests conducted by us in all 16 data sets, in the comparisons made with the algorithms proposed in other works in 11 data sets out of 14 data. The set has performed better than competitors. As a conclusion, the findings show that this model performs better than other methods.

The identification of community structure is pivotal for understanding the functional characteristics of complex networks. To address the limitations of most existing community detection algorithms, which often require predefining the number of communities and lack robustness, this paper proposes a novel community detection algorithm named D-means (K-means community detection algorithm based on density peaks). This algorithm integrates the concept of density peak clustering with K-means spectral clustering, employing Chebyshev’s inequality to automatically determine the number of community centers, thereby enabling unsupervised identification of community quantities. By designing a multi-dimensional evaluation framework, the comparative experiments were conducted on LFR benchmark networks (Lancichinetti-Fortunato-Radicchi benchmark networks) and real-world social network datasets. The results demonstrate that the D-means algorithm outperforms traditional algorithms in terms of ACC (accuracy), ARI (adjusted rand index), and NMI (normalized mutual information) metrics, while also achieving improvements in runtime efficiency, showcasing strong robustness. Finally, the D-means algorithm was applied to the public transportation network of Urumqi. Empirical analysis identified 12 functionally significant transportation communities, providing theoretical support for urban rail transit optimization and commercial facility layout planning.