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Educating \good\ citizens in a globalising world for the twenty-first century
What is needed to be a 'good' citizen for the twenty-first century? And how can schools and curricula address this question? This book addresses these questions and what it means to be a 'good citizen' in the twenty-first century by exploring this concept in two different, but linked, countries. China is a major international power whose citizens are in the midst of a major social and economic transformation. Australia is transforming itself into an Asian entity in multiple ways and is influenced by its major trading partner - China. Yet both rely on their education systems to facilitate and guide this transformation as both countries search for 'good' citizens. The book explores the issue of what it means to be a 'good citizen' for the 21st century at the intersection between citizenship education and moral education. The issue of what constitutes a 'good citizen' is problematic in many countries and how both countries address this issue is vitally important to understanding how societies can function effectively in an increasingly interconnected world. The book contends that citizenship education and moral education in both countries overlap on the task of how to educate for a 'good citizen'. Three key questions are the focus of this book: 1. What is a 'good citizen' in a globalizing world? 2. How can 'good citizenship' be nurtured in schools? 3. What are the implications of the concept of 'good citizen' in education, particularly the school curriculum? [Publisher website, ed].
Book
Uninformed: why people know so little about politics and what we can do about it
Research polls, media interviews, and everyday conversations reveal an unsettling truth: citizens, while well-meaning and even passionate about current affairs, appear to know very little about politics. Hundreds of surveys document vast numbers of citizens answering even basic questions about government incorrectly. Given this unfortunate state of affairs, it is not surprising that more knowledgeable people often deride the public for its ignorance. Some experts even think that less informed citizens should stay out of politics altogether. As Arthur Lupia shows in Uninformed, this is not constructive. At root, critics of public ignorance fundamentally misunderstand the problem. Many experts believe that simply providing people with more facts will make them more competent voters. However, these experts fail to understand how most people learn, and hence don't really know what types of information are even relevant to voters. Feeding them information they don't find relevant does not address the problem. In other words, before educating the public, we need to educate the educators. Lupia offers not just a critique, though; he also has solutions. Drawing from a variety of areas of research on topics like attention span and political psychology, he shows how we can actually increase issue competence among voters in areas ranging from gun regulation to climate change. To attack the problem, he develops an arsenal of techniques to effectively convey to people information they actually care about. Citizens sometimes lack the knowledge that they need to make competent political choices, and it is undeniable that greater knowledge can improve decision making. But we need to understand that voters either don't care about or pay attention to much of the information that expertst think is important. Uninformed provides the keys to improving political knowledge and civic competence: understanding what information is important to others and knowing how to best convey it to them.
eBook
Public participation for 21st century democracy
A comprehensive text on the theory and practice of public participation
Written by two leaders in the field, Public Participation for 21 st Century Democracy explores the theory and practice of public participation in decision-making and problem-solving. It examines how public participation developed over time to include myriad thick, thin, and conventional opportunities, occurring in both face-to-face meetings and online settings. The book explores the use of participation in various arenas, including education, health, land use, and state and federal government. It offers a practical framework for thinking about how to engage citizens effectively, and clear explanations of participation scenarios, tactics, and designs. Finally, the book provides a sensible approach for reshaping our participation infrastructure to meet the needs of public officials and citizens.
The book is filled with illustrative examples of innovative participatory activities, and numerous sources for more information. This important text puts the spotlight on the need for long-term, cross-sector, participation planning, and provides guidance for leaders, citizens, activists, and others who are determined to improve the ways that participation and democracy function. Public Participation for 21 st Century Democracy:
* Helps students and practitioners understand the history, theory, and practice of public participation
* Contains a wealth of case studies that explore the application of public participation in different settings
* Covers vital issues such as education, health, land use, and state and federal government
* Has accompanying instructor resources, such as PowerPoint slides, discussion questions, sample assignments, case studies and research from www.participedia.net, and classroom activities.
eBook
Change they can't believe in
Are Tea Party supporters merely a group of conservative citizens concerned about government spending? Or are they racists who refuse to accept Barack Obama as their president because he's not white?Change They Can't Believe Inoffers an alternative argument--that the Tea Party is driven by the reemergence of a reactionary movement in American politics that is fueled by a fear that America has changed for the worse. Providing a range of original evidence and rich portraits of party sympathizers as well as activists, Christopher Parker and Matt Barreto show that what actually pushes Tea Party supporters is not simple ideology or racism, but fear that the country is being stolen from \"real Americans\"--a belief triggered by Obama's election. From civil liberties and policy issues, to participation in the political process, the perception that America is in danger directly informs how Tea Party supporters think and act.
The authors argue that this isn't the first time a segment of American society has perceived the American way of life as under siege. In fact, movements of this kind often appear when some individuals believe that \"American\" values are under threat by rapid social changes. Drawing connections between the Tea Party and right-wing reactionary movements of the past, including the Know Nothing Party, the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s, and the John Birch Society, Parker and Barreto develop a framework that transcends the Tea Party to shed light on its current and future consequences.
Linking past and present reactionary movements,Change They Can't Believe Inrigorously examines the motivations and political implications associated with today's Tea Party.
eBook
Consumer and community involvement: implementation research for impact (CCIRI) – implementing evidence-based patient and public involvement across health and medical research in Australia – a mixed methods protocol
Background
Within Australia, there is increasing recognition of the importance and value of patient and public involvement, or consumer and community involvement (CCI), in health and medical research and healthcare improvement. Despite this and policy mandates, there has been little behavioural and systems change to embed and support CCI. Often, this is relegated to tokenistic gestures rather than authentic partnerships. The aim of this national project is to use evidence-generated knowledge co-led by consumers, community members, researchers and clinicians to embed CCI in health and medical research and healthcare improvement.
Methods
The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Learning Health System framework underpin the project to facilitate an iterative process to change systems and individual behaviour towards adoption of CCI in health and medical research and healthcare improvement. Key stakeholder groups include research translation centres, funding bodies, clinicians, professional staff involved in healthcare improvement, researchers and consumers and community members. To understand the attitudes, knowledge, beliefs, behaviours, system barriers and facilitators around CCI in health and medical research and healthcare improvement, semi-structured interviews and surveys will be conducted across key stakeholder groups. Template analysis and descriptive statistics will be used to report data from the national survey respectively prior to triangulation of data. Findings will be reported through traditional scientific outputs such as conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications. Other anticipated outputs include policy briefs, organizational implementation toolkits and resources and a co-designed digital knowledge hub to support individuals with implementation and scale up across stakeholders.
Discussion
This study will build on considerable stakeholder engagement and prior priority-setting and includes broad and detailed consideration of perspectives from diverse stakeholders at a national level. Robust methodological frameworks, co-design and partnership with stakeholders will be used to inform resources to support systems change to facilitate CCI in health and medical research and healthcare improvement. Ethics approval was obtained from Monash Health (RES-23–0000-275Q).
Journal Article
Voter Turnout and the Dynamics of Electoral Competition in Established Democracies since 1945
Voting is a habit. People learn the habit of voting, or not, based on experience in their first few elections. Elections that do not stimulate high turnout among young adults leave a 'footprint' of low turnout in the age structure of the electorate as many individuals who were new at those elections fail to vote at subsequent elections. Elections that stimulate high turnout leave a high turnout footprint. So a country's turnout history provides a baseline for current turnout that is largely set, except for young adults. This baseline shifts as older generations leave the electorate and as changes in political and institutional circumstances affect the turnout of new generations. Among the changes that have affected turnout in recent years, the lowering of the voting age in most established democracies has been particularly important in creating a low turnout footprint that has grown with each election.
eBook
The Gay Community Involvement Index: An Exploratory Factor Analysis and Initial Validation of a New Measure of Gay Community Involvement
This article details initial measure development, exploratory factor analysis, and preliminary validation of the Gay Community Involvement Index (GCII) across two studies. Previous research on gay community involvement has relied on measures that do not distinguish between distinct ways in which men may be involved in the gay community (e.g., going to bars and clubs vs. advocating for political issues). The GCII is a new multidimensional measure of the type and intensity of participation in a variety of activities within the gay community. Exploratory factor analysis suggested four subscales: Community Activities, Nightlife, Media, and Political Activism. We report strong evidence for internal consistency within subscale scores, as well as both convergent and discriminant validity for subscale scores. This measure may help those researching gay men’s health and well-being better understand the impact of different types of community involvement on health and psychosocial outcomes.
Journal Article
Seafood Choices
The fragmented information that consumers receive about the nutritional value and health risks associated with fish and shellfish can result in confusion or misperceptions about these food sources. Consumers are therefore confronted with a dilemma: they are told that seafood is good for them and should be consumed in large amounts, while at the same time the federal government and most states have issued advisories urging caution in the consumption of certain species or seafood from specific waters.
Seafood Choices carefully explores the decision-making process for selecting seafood by assessing the evidence on availability of specific nutrients (compared to other food sources) to obtain the greatest nutritional benefits. The book prioritizes the potential for adverse health effects from both naturally occurring and introduced toxicants in seafood; assesses evidence on the availability of specific nutrients in seafood compared to other food sources; determines the impact of modifying food choices to reduce intake of toxicants on nutrient intake and nutritional status within the U.S. population; develops a decision path for U.S. consumers to weigh their seafood choices to obtain nutritional benefits balanced against exposure risks; and identifies data gaps and recommendations for future research.
The information provided in this book will benefit food technologists, food manufacturers, nutritionists, and those involved in health professions making nutritional recommendations.
eBook
The Future of Smart Cities
This book contains seven chapters that detail the future of smart cities. Chapter One focuses mainly on the practical barriers encountered by the author during the design and implementation of three Smart City projects as a project management consultants (PMC) team leader. Chapter Two argues for a greater focus on enabling and enhancing the growth of third places within smart city(ies), through closer business to municipal government collaboration to ensure that these human aspects are taken into consideration by urban planners. Chapter Three argues that current technocentric approach(es) to smart city(ies) design and implementation may create unforeseen negative externalities arising from inequitable access to the promises of digitisation. Chapter Four discusses current developments and future research trends in smart technology(ies) within urban environment(s). Chapter Five includes insights from a robust literature review about inclusive transformation and an empirical study on inclusiveness in 21 smart cities in India along with a deeper qualitative study of Nagpur smart city. Chapter Six establishes that the formation and development of City Smart potential depends on a number of conditions and factors, which the authors divide into external and internal ones. Lastly, Chapter Seven provides a generalization of existing approaches to the definition of design and determinants of the smart awareness development among the youth of Ukraine, and describes the current state of perception of the Smart City Concept.
eBook