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"Compacts (Cosmetics)"
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Cyclodextrinase from Thermococcus sp expressed in Bacillus subtilis and its application in the preparation of maltoheptaose
Background
Maltoheptaose as malto-oligosaccharides with specific degree of polymerization, has wide applications in food, medicine and cosmetics industries. Currently, cyclodextrinase have been applied as prepared enzyme to prepare maltoheptaose. However, the yield and proportion of maltoheptaose was lower, which is due to limited substrate and product specificity of cyclodextrinase (CDase). To achieve higher maltoheptaose yield, cyclodextrinase with high substrate and product specificity should be obtained.
Results
In this study, cyclodextrinase derived from
Thermococcus
sp B1001 (TsCDase) was successfully expressed and characterized in
Bacillus subtilis
for the first time. The specific activity of TsCDase was 637.95 U/mg under optimal conditions of 90 °C and pH 5.5, which exhibited high substrate specificity for cyclodextrins (CDs). When the concentration of β-CD was 8%, the yield of maltoheptaose achieved by TsCDase was 82.33% across all reaction products, which exceeded the yields of maltoheptaose in other recent reports. Among malto-oligosaccharides generated as reaction products, maltoheptaose was present in the highest proportion, about 94.55%.
Conclusions
This study provides high substrate and product specificity of TsCDase. TsCDase is able to prepare higher yield of maltoheptaose through conversion of β-CD in the food industry.
Journal Article
Ultra vanities : minaudiلeres, nلecessaires and compacts
Exquisite jeweled minaudieres, necessaires, and compacts from the l8th to the 21st centuries are photographed and displayed here in great detail and set within the social and fashion contexts of their creation. Original archive photographs showcase the social leaders, stage and cinema stars, and fashion leaders who carried these exquisite little accessories as indispensable adjuncts to their glamorous lives. These triumphs of the jewelers art were designed to rest glittering on cocktail bars and grand dining tables. They were tiny but also extremely useful as is revealed in detailed photos of their highly engineered interiors. These little boxes were capable of carrying everything a woman might need during the course of an evening which might start at the Ritz and end at Bricktops Jazz Club -- everything from a lipstick, to a powder compact, to a comb, even a cigarette and lighter, hence their generic name of necessaire.
Book
Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Organs to Accumulate and Remove Heavy Metals Originating from Different Population and Industrial Densities
The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze heavy metals (HMs) in landscape and commercial lavender plants collected from five locations with varying traffic and industrial density. Furthermore, it was to investigate the pollution load distribution and bioaccumulation properties of lavender plants. Nine different indices were used to determine the bioaccumulation and biomonitoring properties of metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Pb) in plant organs, aromatic oil, and soil samples taken during the harvest period. Correlation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were performed to evaluate the pollutant sources of heavy metals and their relationships with each other.The results indicated that Cd (5.88-fold), Cr (3.7-fold), and Fe (3.65-fold) concentrations were observed in leaves and soil samples from locations with high organized industrial and vehicle density, exceeding the limit values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). PI > 1 was found for f. stalk (Cu), leaves (Cd/Cu), roots (Mn/Cu/Zn/Ni), and soil (Cd/As). TF < 1 was observed for Cd, Mn, Ni, and Pb, while TF > 1 was observed for As, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Fe. BCF values showed that lavender exhibited good performance in transferring Mn, Ni, Cu, and Zn metals to the roots. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) showed that especially Cr, Pb, Cu, and Cd may originate from industrial and vehicle emissions, while Zn, Fe, and As may be affected by both industrial and natural processes. This study showed that lavender plant is useful for whitewashing and metal bioaccumulation in organized industries and roadsides, and suitable for production purposes in pollution-free areas.
Graphical Abstract
Highlights
Cd and Cr storage is high in the flower stalk and leaves of lavender plants.
Lavender oils obtained by distillation and commercially sold oils has heavy metals.
PI values were found to be high for Cu metal values in flower stalks, Cd and Cu in leaves, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni in roots.
The TF value showed that Cd, Ni, Pb retention in the root is dominant, As, Cr, Cu, Zn and Fe are transported upwards from the roots.
PCA and HCA results show that especially Cr, Pb, Cu and Cd may be caused by industrial and vehicle emissions.
Journal Article
A vanity affair : l'art du nâecessaire
\"This is the ultimate illustrated guide to the most exquisite vanity cases from the nineteenth century onward; an unmissable opportunity for lovers of jewelry and fashion. This elegant and richly illustrated volume, featuring a slipcase and gilded page edges, showcases a rare private collection of vanity cases and includes an exquisite array of luxury accessories from the nineteenth century to the twentieth century. These vanity cases, carefully designed and mostly handmade, became covetable accessories with the advent of beauty products. The vanity case, the ultimate jeweled fashion accessory, was designed and made mostly in Paris by skilled designers and craftsmen who understood that the fashionable modern woman needed a practical solution for carrying lipstick, powder compact, cigarettes, lighter, theater tickets, keys, and other small paraphernalia. Tiny, made of precious metals, including platinum and gold, with inlays of lacquer, gemstones, mother-of-pearl, jade, or enamel, these reticules took hundreds of hours of patient craftsmanship to complete\"--Publisher's description.
Book
Development of Jasmine Rice Flour Properties as a Safe and Efficient Ingredient for Compact Powder
Natural flour is usually not used directly in compact powder since there are some drawbacks, such as roughness and poor skin adhesion. The purpose of this research was to investigate the extraction and modification of jasmine rice flour using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-50 shea butter. The physical properties in terms of flowability and water resistance of the modified rice flour were investigated and compared with talcum. The modified rice flour was used as the ingredient to develop the compact powder by replacing talcum, which is the main ingredient in compact powder that provides the slipperiness and spread properties, but it is quite harmful. The results of this research revealed that the physical properties of the modified powder changed in terms of flowability and water-resistance by PEG-50 shea butter. The modified rice flour provided better physical properties compared to non-modified rice powder. The modified rice powder, a safe ingredient, could replace 100% talcum in the developed compact powder. Furthermore, the developed compact powder provided Sun Protection Factor (SPF) greater than 15, or 93%, UVB protection, good coverage with a natural appearance, smoothness, diffusion, softness of the skin, and a higher satisfaction level compared with the commercial product.
Journal Article
Blind-environment interaction through voice augmented objects
This article presents an Java-based mobile service that enables blind-environment interaction through voice-augmented objects. To make this possible, it is necessary to tag the object with an associated radio frequency identification and record its voice-based description. The blind users can later use the service to scan surrounding augmented objects and verbalize their identity and characteristics. We use a user centred design in order to guarantee the accessibility of the service for visually impaired and blind people. The required hardware is a near field communication-enabled mobile phone with built-in accelerometer. The client-side application does not require pushing any buttons, browsing any menus, or touching any screens to select and activate any of supported modes: registration, calibration, voice recording, physical object identification, delete voice recording(s), cloud-based file sync and share. Twelve visually impaired individuals (aged 31–84, 6 men and 6 women) have tested the service in two different scenarios: (1) a test based on comparison with a PenFriend labeling unit, and (2) a users’ experience test. The results show that selected tangible, multimodal interface (object touching, phone shaking and tilt, voice output) can be used very easily (58 %) or easily (33 %) by blind and visually impaired users who have had no previous experience with other mobile services. Most of participants from the test group agreed that the service could be useful for their daily activities. The service can be used both at home and in public buildings for voice description of objects such as food, medicines, books, clothes, cosmetics, CD/DVDs, rooms, etc.
Journal Article
impact of the Northeast Dairy Compact on New England consumers: a report from the milk policy wars
This paper presents a comparative analysis of three different economic studies that played major roles in the policy debate over the Compact. It draws an important distinction between before and after analysis and counterfactual impact analysis and highlights constraining assumptions in models. Over time, the Compact increased raw milk price 2–3 cents per gallon, but if the Compact had not been in place during the first three years of its operation, raw milk prices would have been approximately 10 cents lower. Over time, retail prices went up by much more than 2–3 cents because other costs increased and channel firms increased tacit collusion and net profits. Studies give different counterfactual estimates for retail prices without the Compact. They range from a drop of 5.7 cents per gallon to 20.7 cents per gallon and are very sensitive to modeling approach. Comparative analysis, as done in this article, should contribute to policy formulation rather than appearing ex post. [EconLit citations: L66 L11 L13]. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 21: 455–471, 2005.
Journal Article
Effects of government programs to raise milk prices: academic economists and public policy
The Northeast Dairy Compact benefited milk suppliers (and allied input suppliers) and harmed those on the fluid milk demand side in the Compact region, while having opposite impacts on these groups outside the Compact region. These simulation results leave many questions unanswered, but seem relatively robust. Simulations require many assumptions, but so do all other approaches to policy analysis. The specific policy question addressed and available data determine the most promising approach. In some cases, as with the evaluating effects of the Compact, a variety of approaches to policy analysis are complementary. [EconLit citations: Q18, Q13, L10, L43]. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 21: 473–476, 2005.
Journal Article
What’s Entailed in Finding Sustainable Makeup and Cosmetics Packaging?
Cosmetics and skincare products are a hot bed for ingredients linked to cancer, hormone disruption, and other health risks with little to no regulation to ensure their safety. An early focus was to incorporate glass containers for liquid foundation and makeup primers – even lip gloss and mascara is in glass now. For paperboard packaging for compacts, it’s meant no longer including mirrors to ensure the material can go in curbside bins.
Newspaper Article