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Valorization of Vegetal Fibers Formulation
A persistent rise in the costs of construction materials has led to the need to address this problem in line with the Sustainable Development Goals. This research employed vegetal soft and rigid fibers in a screed mortar to produce a sustainable fabric-cement matrix. Four different vegetal-dried fibers (hemp, flax, miscanthus, and bamboo) with dosages of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, 2, and 4 kg/m[sup.3] were used. Laboratory investigations were slump test, bulk density, air occluded, shrinkage, and mechanical strength. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) assessments were performed and analyzed on the natural fibers and the screed formulation. The results highlight that fiber dosages significantly influence the above-mentioned properties.
Journal Article
History of concrete : a very old and modern material
Energy, resources, environment and global climate change increasingly become great challenges that humanity is confronting in the 21st century. With the development of society and sustainable growth of economy, cement and concrete will still be the major building materials in the coming decades. This book summarizes the history and development of cement and concrete. From prehistoric period to today, from ancient Egypt and Rome period to China, over tens of thousands of years of human civilization, the author reviewed the binder material (cement, concrete) development process and its contribution to the human history and civilization. -- Back cover.
Book
Ultra-high performance concrete and fiber reinforced concrete: achieving strength and ductility without heat curing
Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) were introduced in the mid 1990s. Special treatment, such as heat curing, pressure and/or extensive vibration, is often required in order to achieve compressive strengths in excess of 150 MPa (22 ksi). This study focuses on the development of UHP-FRCs without any special treatment and utilizing materials that are commercially available on the US market. Enhanced performance was accomplished by optimizing the packing density of the cementitious matrix, using very high strength steel fibers, tailoring the geometry of the fibers and optimizing the matrix-fiber interface properties. It is shown that addition of 1.5% deformed fibers by volume results in a direct tensile strength of 13 MPa, which is 60% higher than comparable UHP-FRC with smooth steel fibers, and a tensile strain at peak stress of 0.6%, which is about three times that for UHP-FRC with smooth fibers. Compressive strength up to 292 MPa (42 ksi), tensile strength up to 37 MPa (5.4 ksi) and strain at peak stress up to 1.1% were also attained 28 days after casting by using up to 8% volume fraction of high strength steel fibers and infiltrating them with the UHPC matrix.
Journal Article
Concrete materials and technology : a practical guide
\"The design and implementation of high-quality concrete demand an underlying knowledge of concrete fundamentals as well as its constituent materials, and in various formulations. Starting with the basics, Concrete Materials and Technology: A Practical Guide examines the production and chemistry of cement, as well as the different types and their applications. Quality control processes and numerous methods for testing are presented and explained in detail. This book presents the fundamentals of concrete technology and serves as a useful guide for civil engineering students, project managers, concrete quality control managers, and technicians\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Strain Capacity of Strain-Hardening Ultra-High- Performance Concrete with Steel Fibers
The maximum post-cracking tensile strength ([[sigma].sub.pc]) recorded in numerous investigations of ultra-high-performance fiberreinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) remains mostly below 15 MPa, and the corresponding strain ([[epsilon].sub.pc]) below 4/1000. Both values are significantly reduced when the specimen size increases, as is needed for real structural applications. Test data on [[sigma].sub.pc] and [[epsilon].sub.pc] from close to 100 series of direct tensile tests carried out in more than 20 investigations are analyzed. Factors influencing the strain capacity are identified. However, independently of the numerous parameters encountered, two observations emerged beyond all others: 1) the higher the post-cracking tensile strength (whichever way it is achieved), the higher the corresponding tensile strain; and 2) fibers mechanically deformed and/or with slip-hardening bond characteristics lead to an increase in strain capacity. A rational explanation for these observations is provided. The authors believe that achieving a large strain ([[epsilon].sub.pc]) at maximum stress is paramount for the successful applications of ultra-high-performance concrete in concrete structures not only for strength but, more critically, for ductility and energy absorption capacity improvements. Keywords: slurry-infltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON); slurry-infltrated mat concrete (SIMCON); steel fiber; strain capacity in tension; strainhardening; tensile strength; ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC); ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC).
Journal Article