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"Confiscations."
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The Issues of a Natural Object (Resource) Confiscation From the Owner or User
The author studies the concept of a natural object (resource) confiscation and analyzes the acting legislation which regulates the relations of ownership, use and disposal of natural objects. An improved procedure for termination of ownership of natural objects (resources) and their confiscation is proposed. Since the rights and freedoms are realized in society, this fact often leads to the inevitable alienation of the property. This is conditioned by the need to respect the same rights and freedoms of other people, as well as by the necessity of the normal functioning of society, state and any staff. However, any cases of alienation of civil rights objects, as well as restrictions on the rights to them are allowed to the extent predetermined by the constitutionally significant purposes. Natural resources legislation, regulating the use of natural objects clearly and consistently provides for cases when the user of a natural object can be deprived of their right to it for violation of the law. However, the Civil Code, referring natural objects (resources) to the property, contains very few regulations go erning the issues of such property confiscation. Besides, the relevant provisions on the termination of the rights to natural objects (resources), their suspension and restriction will allow introducing further legal grounds.
Journal Article
War stuff : the struggle for human and environmental resources in the American Civil War
\"In this path-breaking work on the American Civil War, Joan E. Cashin explores the struggle between armies and civilians over the human and material resources necessary to wage war. This war 'stuff' included the skills of white Southern civilians, as well as such material resources as food, timber, and housing. At first, civilians were willing to help Confederate or Union forces, but the war took such a toll that all civilians, regardless of politics, began focusing on their own survival. Both armies took whatever they needed from human beings and the material world, which eventually destroyed the region's ability to wage war. In this fierce contest between civilians and armies, the civilian population lost. Cashin draws on a wide range of documents, as well as the perspectives of environmental history and material culture studies. This book provides an entirely new perspective on the war era\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Confiscation and destruction : the Young Turk seizure of Armenian property
This is the first major study of the mass sequestration of Armenian property by the Young Turk regime during the 1915 Armenian genocide. It details the emergence of Turkish economic nationalism, offers insight into the economic ramifications of the genocidal process, and describes how the plunder was organized on the ground. The interrelated nature of property confiscation initiated by the Young Turk regime and its cooperating local elites offers new insights into the functions and beneficiaries of state-sanctioned robbery. Drawing on secret files and unexamined records, the authors demonstrate that while Armenians suffered systematic plunder and destruction, ordinary Turks were assigned a range of property for their progress.
eBook
Göring's man in Paris : the story of a Nazi art plunderer and his world
Bruno Lohse (1911-2007) was one of the most notorious art plunderers in history. Appointed by Hermann Göring to Hitler's art looting agency in Paris, he went on to help supervise the systematic theft and distribution of more than thirty thousand artworks, taken largely from French Jews, and to assist Göring in amassing an enormous private art collection. By the 1950s Lohse was officially denazified but was back in the art dealing world, offering masterpieces of dubious origin to American museums. After his death, dozens of paintings by Renoir, Monet, and Pissarro, among others, were found in his Zurich bank vault and adorning the walls of his Munich home. Jonathan Petropoulos spent nearly a decade interviewing Lohse and continues to serve as an expert witness for Holocaust restitution cases. Here he tells the story of Lohse's life, offering a critical examination of the postwar art world.-- Provided by publisher
BOOK
Self-Financing Genocide
Discusses the process of the economic annihilation of the Jews in Hungary, who- from the economic point of view - were more influential than any other Jewish community in Europe. Following the German occupation in March 1944 the collaborating Hungarian government attempted to assert its claim concerning the complete confiscation of Jewish assets at all stages of the road leading to the extermination camps. The cooperation with the Germans proved to be the most problematic in this area. The story of the Jewish Gold Train is a relatively small but all the more emblematic chapter of the economic annihilation. The circumstances of the freight's assembling, the German-Hungarian conflicts concerning the train, the looting attempts, the fate of the assets seized by the Allies (double victimization of the survivors) provide the reader with an insight into the history of the repeated looting of the Hungarian Jewry.
eBook
Immobili confiscati da illegalità a bene comune: requisiti di una risignificazione necessaria
In addition confiscated properties constitute a po-tential resource for the territory from an economie point of view, capable of sup-porting job opportunities and enhanc-ing useful services and activities for the community invok/ed. The resignification of confiscated property requires specific focus on the various phases of the inter-ventions. Keywords: Confiscation; Commoning; Confiscated property; Unfinished buildings; Baukultur Oltre la distinzione pubblico/privato nelPambiente costruito: confisca come forma di commoning Nella contrapposizione tra pubblico e privato si esprime un fondamento della cultura occidentale, su cui si sono im-perniate teorie economiche, giuridiche e sociali. L'approccio unitario aH'ambiente costruito, condiviso a livello istituzionale in Europa con il concetto di Baukultur, rafforza 1'identificazione di ambiente costruito e della stessa cultura della costruzione come bene comune: \"High-quality Baukultur requires striking the right balance between cultural, social, economie, environmental and technical aspects of planning, design, building and adaptive reuse, in the public interest for the common good\" (Swiss Confe-deration, 2018, art. 14).
Journal Article
The perfect horse : the daring U.S. mission to rescue the priceless stallions kidnapped by the Nazis
\"In the chaotic last days of the war a small troop of battle-weary American soldiers captures a German spy and makes an astonishing find--his briefcase is empty but for photos of beautiful white horses that have been stolen and kept on a secret farm behind enemy lines. Hitler has stockpiled the world's finest purebreds in order to breed the perfect military machine--an equine master race. But with the starving Russian army closing in, the animals are in imminent danger of being slaughtered for food. With only hours to spare, one of the Army's last great cavalrymen, American colonel Hank Reed, makes a bold decision ... to mount a covert rescue operation\"--Amazon.com.
Book
Defending National Treasures
Defending National Treasures explores the fate of art and cultural heritage during the Nazi occupation of France. The French cultural patrimony was a crucial locus of power struggles between German and French leaders and among influential figures in each country. Karlsgodt examines the preservation policy that the Vichy regime enacted in an assertion of sovereignty over French art museums, historic monuments, and archeological sites. The limits to this sovereignty are apparent from German appropriations of public statues, Jewish-owned art collections, and key \"Germanic\" works of art from French museums. A final chapter traces the lasting impact of the French wartime reforms on preservation policy.
In Defending National Treasures, Karlsgodt introduces the concept ofpatrimania to reveal examples of opportunism in art preservation. During the war, French officials sought to acquire coveted artwork from Jewish collections for the Louvre and other museums; in the early postwar years, they established a complicated guardianship over unclaimed art recovered from Germany. A cautionary tale for our own times,Defending National Treasures examines the ethical dimensions of museum acquisitions in the ongoing noble quest to preserve great works of art.
eBook