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"Congo-Kinshasa"
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Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Spheres-Decorated Cosub.2SnOsub.4/WSsub.2 Heterostructures with Improved Visible-Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dye
Advanced photocatalytic materials for environmental cleanup need to be developed in response to growing concerns about water pollution. This paper presents a novel N-doped hollow carbon spheres (NHCSs)-supported Co[sub.2]SnO[sub.4]/WS[sub.2] heterostructure synthesized using a hydrothermal approach and examined using various characterization techniques to evaluate the crystal structures, functional groups, surface morphology, chemical properties, and optical characteristics. The photocatalytic performance of the Co[sub.2]SnO[sub.4]/WS[sub.2]@NHCSs composite was assessed by degrading Congo red (CR) under visible light, resulting in a notable degradation rate of 87.22% in 60 min. The enhanced degradation efficiency is ascribed to the Z-scheme heterojunction charge-transfer mechanism, which augments sustained charge separation while suppressing recombination under visible-light irradiation. Furthermore, the quenching experiments revealed that specific superoxide radicals ([sup.•]O[sub.2] [sup.-]) and hydroxyl radicals ([sup.•]OH) were integral to the degradation reaction, and a potential Z-scheme charge-transfer pathway mechanism for the effective Co[sub.2]SnO[sub.4]/WS[sub.2]@NHCSs photocatalysts was also suggested. The potential degradation mechanism was suggested using LC-MS analysis. This study highlights the promise of Co[sub.2]SnO[sub.4]/WS[sub.2]@NHCSs composites for practical wastewater treatment applications, providing a sustainable and effective solution for environmental remediation.
Journal Article
Low seroprevalence of Ebola virus in health care providers in an endemic region
A serosurvey among health care providers (HCPs) and frontliners of an area previously affected by Ebola virus disease (EVD) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) was conducted to assess the seroreactivity to Ebola virus antigens. Serum samples were collected in a cohort of HCPs and frontliners (n = 698) participants in the EBL2007 vaccine trial (December 2019 to October 2022). Specimens seroreactive for EBOV were confirmed using either the Filovirus Animal Nonclinical Group (FANG) ELISA or a Luminex multiplex assay. The seroreactivity to at least two EBOV-Mayinga (m) antigens was found in 10 (1.4%: 95% CI, 0.7-2.6) samples for GP-EBOV-m + VP40-EBOV-m, and 2 (0.3%: 95% CI, 0.0-1.0) samples for VP40-EBOV-m + NP-EBOV-m using the Luminex assay. Seroreactivity to GP-EBOV-Kikwit (k) was observed in 59 (8.5%: 95%CI, 6.5-10.9) samples using FANG ELISA. In contrast to previous serosurveys, a low seroprevalence was found in the HCP and frontline population participating in the EBL2007 Ebola vaccine trial in Boende, DRC. This underscores the high need for standardized antibody assays and cutoffs in EBOV serosurveys to avoid the broad range of reported EBOV seroprevalence rates in EBOV endemic areas.
Journal Article
Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiOsub.2 Composites as Adsorbents for Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Removal
The Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO[sub.2] composites were synthesized using the solvothermal method. XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques were utilized to characterize the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO[sub.2] composites employed for simulating levofloxacin hydrochloride in wastewater. The impact of the mass of the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO[sub.2] composite, concentration of levofloxacin hydrochloride, solution pH, and temperature on the adsorption performance was investigated. Experimental findings indicated that at pH 6, the maximum removal efficiency of levofloxacin hydrochloride by the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO[sub.2] composite was achieved at 88.8%, with an adsorption capacity of 246.3 mg/g. To analyze the experimental data, both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models were applied, revealing that the pseudo-second-order model provided a better fit to the data. Additionally, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to study equilibrium adsorption behavior and showed good agreement with both kinetic modeling and Langmuir isotherm analysis results. These observations suggest that monolayer adsorption predominates during the removal process of levofloxacin hydrochloride by Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO[sub.2] composites.
Journal Article
The spatial propagation and increasing dominance of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei
Though substantial research has been conducted on possible historical, physiological, and symbiotic mechanisms that permit monodominance to occur within tropical lowland rainforests, less is known about the successional rates at which monodominance exerts itself on surrounding forest structures. Here we extend efforts to evaluate the longitudinal dynamics of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei-dominated forest in Central Africa by considering this species' spatial dynamics. Using three 10-ha censused field plots measured across three time periods, we present the first quantitative estimates of the spatial propagation of Gilbertiodendron into adjacent mixed species forest. Using three analytical strategies, we demonstrate that Gilbertiodendron is increasing in dominance and that monodominant forest patches are expanding into the surrounding forest at a statistically significant rate. The rates of successional advance vary by patch and direction, but average 0.31 m year.sup.-1, with speeds greatest in the direction of the prevailing winds. We show that the advancement of Gilbertiodendron is significantly slower than documented rates from other forest ecotones across Central Africa. When paired with stress tolerance traits and ectomycorrhizal associations, these findings help to clarify the means by which Gilbertiodendron dewevrei gains dominance in otherwise species-diverse regions.
Journal Article
Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Energy Storage, Environmental, and Biomedical Applications
Green synthesis offers a superior alternative to traditional methods for producing metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. This approach is not only benign and safe but also cost-effective, scalable, and straightforward, operating under ambient conditions. Notable metals and metal oxide nanoparticles, such as manganese oxides, iron oxides, silver, and gold, have been produced using various bio-reductants derived from plant extracts. These biological agents not only expedite the reduction process but also stabilize the nanoparticles, serving dual roles as reducing and capping agents. This review presents the green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) obtained from biogenic wastes and plant extracts. The green-synthesized nanostructured MnO2 nanoparticles are evaluated as a potential photocatalyst for water treatment and as an electrode material in lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. The green-derived iron oxide nanoparticles are examined as promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic agents. Additionally, this review discusses the green synthesis of precious metal nanoparticles, specifically silver (Ag NPs) and gold (Au NPs), highlighting their potential medical applications in areas like antiviral treatments and cancer therapy.
Journal Article