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"Construction industry Waste minimization."
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Sustainable use of wood in construction
\"There is a great deal of innovation in the use of wood in construction, from impressive modern buildings to new construction products that reduce build times and improve building performance. As a renewable resource with proven low embodied energy, wood is both an environmentally responsible and a highly practical choice as a construction material. However, forest management practices vary throughout the world: some are highly effective in delivering a sustainable, long term supply of timber; whereas others are less so, and could result in forest depletion and significant environmental degradation. Against this background, a number of certification schemes have been developed that seek to ensure that all timber is harvested from sources that are at least legally-sourced, and at best, sustainably managed. Sustainable Use of Wood in Construction explains how and why wood may be grown sustainably, and how this versatile material can be specified and - most importantly - sourced, for use in the construction industry. It explains the modern regulatory framework within Europe that seeks to eliminate the use of illegally-harvested wood, and it shows how to ensure that everyone who sells or uses wood for construction is following the rules. Finally, the book explains how, at the end of its first use in construction, wood can be recycled, by reprocessing into another wood-based construction material, or by using it as biomass. \"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Sustainable use of wood in construction
SUSTAINABLE USE of Wood in Construction Sustainable Use of Wood in Construction There is a great deal of innovation in the use of wood in construction, from impressive modern buildings to new construction products that reduce build times and improve building performance. As a renewable resource with proven low embodied energy, wood is both an environmentally responsible and a highly practical choice as a construction material. However, forest management practices vary throughout the world: some are highly effective in delivering a sustainable, long term supply of timber; whereas others are less so, and could result in forest depletion and significant environmental degradation. Against this background, a number of certification schemes have been developed that seek to ensure that all timber is harvested from sources that are at least legally-sourced, and at best, sustainably managed. Sustainable Use of Wood in Construction explains how and why wood may be grown sustainably, and how this versatile material can be specified and – most importantly – sourced, for use in the construction industry. It explains the modern regulatory framework within Europe that seeks to eliminate the use of illegally-harvested wood, and it shows how to ensure that everyone who sells or uses wood for construction is following the rules. Finally, the book explains how, at the end of its first use in construction, wood can be recycled, by reprocessing into another wood-based construction material, or by using it as biomass. Also available Wood in Construction: How to Avoid Costly Mistakes Jim Coulson Paperback, 978 0 4706 5777 5 Structural Timber Design to Eurocode 5 Second Edition Jack Porteous and Abdy Kermani Paperback, 978 0 4706 7500 7
eBook
Developing strategies for managing construction and demolition wastes in Malaysia based on the concept of circular economy
Construction and demolition (C&D) waste is a pressing issue not only in Malaysia, but it is also a worldwide concern including the developed countries as well. C&D waste should be managed throughout the construction cycle. The concept of circular economy (CE) is an emerging notion that has the potential to be utilized as waste minimization approach. This paper aims to assess the potentials of incorporating the CE concept as an approach to minimizing C&D wastes, by developing a CE-based theoretical framework for C&D waste management in Malaysia. In line with this objective, a systematic review has been conducted to determine how CE can be operationalised as a strategy to minimize wastes, while considering it as a key factor for mitigating the environmental impacts. Based on the literature review, a CE-based theoretical framework has been proposed using Malaysia as a case study. The framework has been developed following a three-layer approach namely micro-, meso-, and macro-levels. Waste minimization strategies have been identified for each level taking into account the main stages in the construction industry, i.e., planning, designing, procurement, construction, and demolition. The different stakeholders involved at each stage and their interactions in the stages have also been identified.
Journal Article
Quality and quantity of construction and demolition waste in Tehran
Background
In recent years the generation rate of construction and demolition waste (C&D) has significantly augmented. The aim of this study was to assessed the quality and quantity of construction and demolition waste in Tehran (capital of Iran).
Methods
Questionnaire methods were used for estimating the amount of generated C&D wastes national statistical data and typical waste generation data. In order to defining the composition of C&D waste, trucks were randomly selected and their wastes were separated and weighted.
Results
According to obtained results, about 82,646,051 m
3
of C&D waste (average 16,529,210 m
3
per year) were generated during 2011 to 2016 which only about 26% of them has been recycled. Mixing sand and cement, concrete, broken bricks and soil have the highest amount of the composition of C&D waste in Tehran that was 30, 19, 18 and 11%, respectively. Based on the results, about 2,784,158 t of the waste will generate in 2025 and this is approximately 122% higher than wastes generate in 2016. Based on MAPSA’s data, 360 teams of personnel cruise and control the illegal disposals, but due to the expansion of Tehran this number of teams is inadequate and can’t be effective in controlling the situation.
Conclusion
In general, the overall condition of C&D waste management in Tehran seems undesirable and needs to be updated based on the experience of successful countries in this field.
Journal Article
A Comprehensive Construction and Demolition Waste Management Model using PESTEL and 3R for Construction Companies Operating in Central Asia
The construction industry in Central Asia has shown rapid growth in the last decade due to an economic boom, leading to high construction & demolition waste (C&DW) generation accompanied by waste management operations falling behind worldwide best practices. The present study first employs a comprehensive environmental screening approach, PESTEL analysis, to identify and assess critical external and internal factors that can affect C&DW management in a leading Central Asian construction company (headquarters in Kazakhstan, the country with the largest economy in the region). Then, a case study is performed using 3R (reduce-reuse-recycle) principles and subjecting this company. Current international practices tailored to the given context are provided, existing company practices and applied improvements are discussed and prioritized improvements with implied sustainability benefits are proposed. The findings and recommendations are applicable especially to other construction companies operating in Central Asia that would ensure more sustainable C&DW management operations in the future.
Journal Article
Developing a hierarchical framework for assessing the strategic effectiveness of sustainable waste management in the Somaliland construction industry
This study contributes to develop a hierarchical framework for assessing the strategic effectiveness of waste management in the construction industry. This study identifies a valid set of strategic effectiveness attributes of sustainable waste management (SWM) in construction. Prior studies have neglected to develop a strategic effectiveness assessment framework for SWM to identify reduce, reuse, and recycle policy initiatives that ensure waste minimization and resource recovery programs. This study utilizes the fuzzy Delphi method to screen out nonessential attributes in qualitative information. This study initially proposes a set of 75 criteria; after two rounds of assessment, consensus regarding 28 criteria is achieved among experts, and the 28 criteria are validated. Fuzzy interpretive structural modeling divides the attributes into various elements. The modeling constructs a six-level model that depicts the interrelationships among the 28 validated criteria as a hierarchical framework, and it finds and ranks the optimal drivers for practical improvement. This study integrates the best–worst method to measure the weights of different criteria in the hierarchical strategic effectiveness framework. The findings reveal that waste management operational strategy, construction site waste management performance, and the mutual coordination level are the top aspects for assessing strategic effectiveness in the hierarchical framework. In practice, the waste reduction rate, the recycling rate, water and land usage, the reuse rate, and noise and air pollution levels are identified to assist policymakers in evaluation. The theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Journal Article
Identifying Factors Influencing Demolition Waste Generation from Stakeholders Perspective
Although construction and demolition waste (CDW) is relatively less hazardous when compared with other solid wastes, the large volumes occupied by bulky wastes in landfills pose a continual threat to human health and the environment. Determining factors contributing to the generation of CDW is, therefore, an important step toward developing effective and sustainable waste handling strategies. The objective of this study is to identify the CDW generation factors in the construction industry and the common disposal waste management practices on-site. The data collection involved a structured-questionnaire survey with 101 respondents from construction stakeholders within Kuantan District and later is analysed based on the descriptive statistic approach. The study result has revealed the top three important factors of CDW generation during construction works are workforce, material-handling, and management factors. While the common CDW management practice is waste disposal at the landfill. These findings will assist policymakers to improve existing guidelines to manage the CDW on construction sites.
Journal Article
Lean construction implementation in the Saudi Arabian construction industry
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has witnessed a huge increase in construction during the last two decades. However, many projects experienced time delays, cost overruns and the generation of massive amounts of waste. To address these challenges, lean construction has been introduced into the Saudi construction industry; however, it is still in its infancy. This study therefore investigates the current state of lean construction implementation in the construction industry in the KSA. The objectives are to identify: the types of construction waste, level of use of tools that support the implementation of lean construction, stages of application of lean methods, and the benefits of lean construction. To achieve these objectives, a structured questionnaire survey of 282 construction professionals was carried out. After the analysis of the collected data using mean score and Anova test, the following conclusions were made. In the construction industry in the KSA, waiting is the most common type of waste, while Computer Aided Design (CAD) is the conventional tool supporting the implementation of lean construction. Furthermore, the data suggests that lean construction is most commonly used in the construction stage of projects while customer satisfaction is the main benefit derived from lean construction practices. This study concludes that the level of implementation of lean construction in the KSA construction industry is increasing. The results will help benchmark the current state of lean construction implementation, which will enable the construction industry to identify strategies to implement lean construction in Saudi Arabia in accordance with their needs and project goals, to achieve better productivity.
Journal Article
A review on adoption of novel techniques in construction waste management and policy
The purpose of this study is to review extensively the literatures associated with the adoption of different novel techniques in Construction Waste Management and Policy (CWMP) to find out the state and development of the construction waste stream and to reveal gaps for further investigations through the exploration of several publications which have emphasis on construction waste management. A cross-referencing examination was performed to ensure the comprehensiveness of the study. All references cited by the selected papers were searched manually, and then the titles of potentially related articles were aggregated into an Excel table to avoid replication. Following a systematic evaluation of the retrieved papers, two characteristic classification criteria of the current literatures were revealed as waste management and waste regulatory or policy. The findings show that there is a substantial growth in the number of studies associated with construction waste which attempts to reveal comprehensive results in the adoption of numerous methods from various perspectives. Nevertheless, there are several areas which need further research in both theoretical and intensive approaches in the empirical aspect to experiment the real application of the proposed methods. This study shows that reuse and recycle rates of construction waste is still minimal which continue to impact the environmental well-being. This review presents future direction and research gaps as well as recommendations on CWMP adoption which will be helpful to academics and professionals that are working or intend to operate in the related area.
Journal Article
Analyzing barriers to construction waste minimization and circular economy culture in Building projects using fuzzy DEMATEL
The rapid expansion of the construction industry has led to significant waste generation and environmental issues. While the circular economy (CE) offers a solution to reduce this waste, its implementation faces numerous barriers. While many global studies have explored barriers to waste minimization (WM), few have compared how different stakeholders perceive and prioritize these barriers. Moreover, country-specific research is needed, particularly in developing nations, due to differences in construction practices. Furthermore, there is currently a significant research gap in terms of the barriers and policy guidelines for WM in Pakistan’s construction industry. Therefore, this study aims to identify these barriers, compare stakeholders’ perceptions, and propose a conceptual framework to address them. A review identified 40 WM barriers, with the top 13 shortlisted barriers identified through frequency analysis. Root cause barriers were identified through fuzzy DEMATEL technique, while thematic and word frequency analyses of interviews led to the development of the theoretical framework. The fuzzy DEMATEL method identified root-cause barriers. Comparative analysis revealed the highest agreement (69%) between contractors and regulators on key barriers such as lack of regulations (B1) and financial constraints (B2), whereas clients and consultants showed moderate alignment (62%). Overall, all stakeholders agreed that B1, B2, poor awareness (B3), and unclear specifications (B12) are major barriers to WM adoption. Identifying these root causes lays a strong foundation for developing targeted mitigation strategies. A theoretical policy framework is proposed, emphasizing financial support and awareness programs at the macro level and contract document modification and material recycling at the micro level. The study concludes with implications for social, economic, and environmental sustainability.
Journal Article