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Wood is one of the most fully renewable building materials, so wood instead of non-renewable materials produced from organic energy sources significantly reduces the environmental impact. Construction products can be replenished at the end of their working life and their elements and components deconstructed in a closed-loop manner to act as a material for potential construction. Materials passports (MPs) are instruments for incorporating circular economy principles (CEP) into structures. Material passports (MPs) consider all the building’s life cycle (BLC) steps to ensure that it can be reused and transformed several times. The number of reuse times and the operating life of the commodity greatly influence the environmental effects incorporated. For a new generation of buildings, the developing of an elegant kinetic wooden façade has become a necessity. It represents a multidisciplinary region with different climatic, fiscal, constructional materials, equipment, and programs, and ecology-influencing design processes and decisions. Based on an overview of the material’s environmental profile (MEP) and material passport (MP) definition in the design phase, this article attempts to establish and formulate an analytical analysis of the wood selection process used to produce a kinetic façade. The paper will analyze the importance of environmentally sustainable construction and a harmonious architectural environment to reduce harmful human intervention on the environment. It will examine the use of wooden panels on buildings’ façades as one solution to building impact on the environment. It will show the features of the formation of the wooden exterior of the building. It will also examine modern architecture that enters into a dialogue with the environment, giving unique flexibility to adapt a building. The study finds that new buildings can be easily created today. The concept of building materials passport and the environmental selection of the kinetic wooden façade can be incorporated into the building design process. This will improve the economic and environmental impact of the building on human life.

Structural material composition determine its structure not ambiguously. The physical and chemical nature of the linkage elements and materials of its parts act on the construction material structure and the final properties. The study of this connection in materials using the methods of physical and chemical analysis is based on the detection and measurement of continuous external influences and averaged thermal response. However, to control internal processes in the contact zones at the phase boundaries and structural elements not enough. In order to effectively control the quality of the construction material was found the solution to implement a comprehensive by the formation of a set of two alternative methods, in the form of a scanning thermal analyzer and a device for the rated thermal activation combine substances.

Cellular concrete occupies one of the leading places in world practice of a high-rise construction as the constructional heat-insulating material used in case of construction and reconstruction of buildings and constructions of different purpose. In this artificial stone construction material pores (air cells with diameter 0.1-3.0mm) are distributed rather regularly and occupy from 20 to 90% of amount of concrete, providing high heatphysical qualities (coefficient of heat conductivity of 0.07-0.2 W/ms) that allows cellular concrete houses to keep heat well. Excessive (reserve) porosity of cellular concrete provides its frost resistance (compensates expansion of water when freezing and the formed ice without material destruction). Vapor permeability of cellular concrete provides fast removal of technological moisture from material and maintenance of normal moisture conditions in rooms, and rather high air permeability promotes preserving in rooms of fresh air. Significant growth in production the cellular concrete of products is caused by use of rather simple technologies allowing (due to change of degree of porosity and properties of interstitial material) to receive cellular concrete for thermal insulation or sound insulation, to make wall constructional heat-insulating products with a density 250-1200 kg/ m3 and strength of a 1-25 MPa.

The paper describes a theoretical study of the Ostwald ripening of two-dimensional small-size precipitates of a newly formed phase at the grain boundary of finite thickness, taking into account the diffusion of impurity atoms from the grain interior to the grain boundary. The precipitate growth is believed to be limited by the impurity-atom diffusion in the grain boundary. The asymptotic time dependences are found for the average and critical precipitate radius, supersaturation of solid solution of impurity atoms in the grain boundary, precipitate size distribution function, precipitate density, and for the factor of grain boundary filling with precipitates. A discussion of the limits of validity of obtained results is given.

The kinetics of structure and phase formation in Ti -- Al and Ti -- Al -- Sc alloy powders in the process of mechano-chemical synthesis from elemental powders was investigated. It was established that the formation of microdimensional x-ray amorphous composite particles with nanodimensional structural components occurs. It was shown that in consolidation of the mechanically alloyed powders by hot isostatic pressing structural heredity is realized, and that the materials produced have unusually high microhardness compared to that of similar cast alloys. This is characteristic of nanostructured materials. In addition to high hardness the materials are characterized by high work of plastic deformation at room temperature. Microalloying the alloy powders with scandium has a complex positive effect on the strength properties of the hot pressed materials, due to the formation of a dispersion hardened microstructure with purified nanodimensional grains.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Physical Characteristics of Microreactors Fluid Flow and Delivery Regimes Multifunctional Integration Uses of Microreactors References

Traditional and new disciplines converge in suggesting that the parietal lobe underwent a considerable expansion during human evolution. Through the study of endocasts and shape analysis, paleoneurology has shown an increased globularity of the braincase and bulging of the parietal region in modern humans, as compared to other human species, including Neandertals. Cortical complexity increased in both the superior and inferior parietal lobules. Emerging fields bridging archaeology and neuroscience supply further evidence of the involvement of the parietal cortex in human-specific behaviors related to visuospatial capacity, technological integration, self-awareness, numerosity, mathematical reasoning and language. Here, we complement these inferences on the parietal lobe evolution, with results from more classical neuroscience disciplines, such as behavioral neurophysiology, functional neuroimaging, and brain lesions; and apply these to define the neural substrates and the role of the parietal lobes in the emergence of functions at the core of material culture, such as tool-making, tool use and constructional abilities.

The subject of the work are the free vibrations of a slender columns subjected to a force directed towards the positive pole. This column can model structures found in the engineering, mining or construction industries, machine parts, bridge elements or support structures. The analyzed system is characterized by bending stiffness variable in steps, modelled taking into account the constant volume condition. The model takes into account the flexibility of structural nodes by supporting the loaded end of the column with a spring with linear characteristics. The problem was formulated on the basis of the Bernoulli-Euler’s theory and then solved using the variational method (Hamilton’s principle). Determination of differential equations o motion of individual segments of the column and their solutions, taking into account the boundary conditions, made it possible to determine the transcendental equation giving the vibration frequency values. The influence of internal damping and structural damping in the mounting on the change in natural vibration frequency was considered in detail. For comparative purposes, the first two frequencies of the tested system and the comparative system (without damping), with different directions of external load and column geometry (variable cross-sections), were compared. Based on the presented results, the impact of damping on the dynamics of the system was determined and it was indicated as one of the ways to control the dynamic properties. The presented analysis of vibrations of damped beams is a starting point for further research on other shapes of slender systems, ultimately systems with continuous change of cross-section.

This paper analyses the domain of verbs of anger and closely related emotions in order to implement a formalised lexical constructional account. Through a detailed analysis of psych-verbs, this research explores their syntactic and semantic specifications. By investigating the roles of experiencers and stimuli arguments either as syntactic subject or object when causing changes in psychological states, the study attempts to shed light on the syntactic and semantic properties of anger and related verbs and the constructions in which they occur. Drawing on constructional and lexical templates for argument structure, this study provides a detailed mapping of how language lexicalises verbal predicates of anger. Overall, this research offers an insight into their formalised representation, relying on the general principles of the Lexical Constructional Model (LCM) (Ruiz de Mendoza & Galera-Masegosa, 2014; Ruiz de Mendoza & Mairal-Usón, 2007, 2008, 2011), Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) (Bentley et al., 2023; Van Valin, 2005; Van Valin & La Polla, 1997), and Construction Grammar (CxG) (Fillmore & Kay, 1996; Goldberg, 1995, 2006; Hoffmann, 2022; Michaelis, 2013; Sag & Boas, 2012).

Low-cycle fatigue testing was carried out for the welded joints of constructional steels containing 0% V + 0.0021% N and 0.10% V + 0.0078% N, and the effects of V-N microalloying on the low-cycle fatigue property of the welded joints were investigated. The results showed that when the total strain amplitudes were 1.2%, 1.4% and 1.6%, the mean low-cycle fatigue lives of the welded joints of steel containing 0.10% V + 0.0078% N were 5050, 2372 and 1535 cycles, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the welded joints of steel containing 0% V + 0.0021% N; however, when the total strain amplitudes increased to 1.8% and 2.0%, the mean low-cycle fatigue lives of the welded joints of steel containing 0.10% V + 0.0078% N were 575 and 367 cycles, respectively, which were gradually lower than those of the welded joints of steel containing 0% V + 0.0021% N. The reasons causing the difference of low-cycle fatigue life were explained by the dislocation structure and precipitates in the welding heat-affected zone, plastic strain energy density of the welded joints, and fatigue fracture morphology. When the low-cycle fatigue life is between 100 and 200 cycles, the cyclic toughness of the welded joint of steel containing 0.10% V + 0.0078% N is between 57.48 and 78.22 J/cm3, which is higher than that of the welded joint of steel containing 0% V + 0.0021% N, indicating that the welded joint of steel containing 0.10% V + 0.0078% N is able to absorb more energy in a seismic condition, therefore possessing better seismic resistance.