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Tumor cells may be eliminated by increasing their temperature. This is achieved via photothermal therapy (PTT) by penetrating the tumor tissue with near‐infrared light and converting light energy into heat using photothermal agents. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) are commonly used as PTAs in PTT. In this review, we aimed to discuss the synergism between tumor PTT with CuS NPs and other therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, dynamic therapies (photodynamic, chemodynamic, and sonodynamic therapy), immunotherapy, gene therapy, gas therapy, and magnetic hyperthermia. Furthermore, we summarized the results obtained with a combination of two treatments and at least two therapies, with PTT as one of the included therapies. Finally, we summarized the benefits and drawbacks of various therapeutic options and state of the art CuS‐based PTT and provided future directions for such therapies.

The authors report on an electrochemical immunosensor for the tumor marker carbohydrate antigen 15–3 (CA15–3). It is based on the use of a composite consisting of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and copper sulfide (CuS) that was placed on a screen-printed graphite electrode. The electrode shows excellent activity towards the oxidation of catechol acting as an electrochemical probe, best at a working potential of 0.16 V. The electrode was modified with antibody against CA15–3. Once the analyte (CA15–3) binds to the surface of the electrode, the response to catechol is reduced. The assay has a linear response in the 1.0–150 U mL −1 CA15–3 concentration range, with a 0.3 U mL −1 lower detection limit and a sensitivity of 1.88 μA μM −1  cm −2 . The immunosensor also shows good reproducibility (2.7%), stability (95% of the initial values after storing for four weeks). The method was successfully applied to the determination of CA15–3 in serum samples, and results were found to compare well to those obtained by an ELISA. Conceivably, this nanocomposite based detection scheme has a wider scope and may be applied to numerous other immunoassays. Graphical abstract A label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on copper sulfides/graphene nanocomposites was developed for enzyme-free determination of CA15–3 biomarker. This immunosensor can be utilized as a tool to detect of CA15–3 in real samples.

The development of osteoarthritis (OA) correlates with the expansion of senescent cells in cartilage, which contributes to an inflammatory microenvironment that accelerates matrix degradation and hampers cartilage generation. To address OA, we synthesized small copper sulfide nanoparticles functionalized with anti-beta-2-microglobulin antibodies (B2M-CuS NPs) that catalyze the formation of toxic •OH from H 2 O 2 via peroxidase-like activity. These B2M-CuS NPs are specifically targeted to induce apoptosis in senescent chondrocytes while showing no toxicity toward normal chondrocytes. Furthermore, B2M-CuS NPs enhance the chondrogenesis of normal chondrocytes. Thus, B2M-CuS NPs can effectively treat OA by clearing senescent chondrocytes and promoting cartilage regeneration after intra-articular injection into the knee joints of surgery-induced OA mice. This study uses smart nanomaterials to treat OA with a synergistic strategy that both remodels senescent cartilage and creates a pro-chondrogenic microenvironment.

This paper presents the synthesis of copper sulfide (CuS) electrode utilizing chemical bath deposition (CBD) and the study of the effect of complexing agent on the morphology of CuS electrode. The aim of this study is to find the ideal time for the synthesis of CuS and to find the capacitance and highest potential of the CuS electrode synthesized at the ideal time. In this project, CuS solution is formed using copper (II) sulphate (CuSO 4 ) solution, thioacetamide solution, and a complexing agent which is citric acid. Homogeneous ultrathin nanospheres of CuS thin films have been successfully developed on nickel foam (NF) by simple and low-cost CBD method which is a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors. The CBD process was carried out at different time intervals which are 30, 60, 90 and 120 min to find the ideal deposition time for CuS/NF electrode fabrication. The surface morphological analysis showed uniform growth of CuS nanospheres on NF surface. Structural analysis confirms the formation of hexagonal crystal structure of CuS. The electrochemical performances were tested by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance techniques. The best capacitance that was recorded by CuS fabricated at 60 min with a specific capacitance of 615 F/g at 1 A/g current density. Hence, the ideal deposition time of CuS/NF electrode fabrication for high supercapacitor performance is 60 min. The encouraging results suggest that CuS nanoflakes prepared by chemical bath deposition can serve as promising electrode materials for high performance supercapacitors in the future.

The shortage of fossil fuels and global warming are the two main issues facing the world today and these can be overcome by the usage of H 2 as a sustainable energy. The study’s primary objective is to fabricate an efficient electrocatalyst for electrochemical water splitting. This study uses CuS, Ni-doped CuS and Ni/CuS/S-g-C 3 N 4 (NCS/SCN) composites for the electrochemical water-splitting. NCS/SCN composites were produced via the co-precipitation method with different S-g-C 3 N 4 contents (10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 wt.%) to study the impact of S-g-C 3 N 4 on the electrochemical water splitting performance of NCS. Characterization techniques SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD evaluated the electrocatalysts' size, shape, and morphology. Electrochemical studies were performed employing a three-electrode system using KOH as the electrolyte. Results from LSV, CV, and EIS show that the development of composite material NCS/SCN enhances the electrocatalytic water-splitting activity of NCS in 1 M KOH solution. Results show that NCS/50%SCN exhibits the best OER and HER and thus can be utilized as a commercial electrocatalyzer for water splitting.

The effect of copper (II) sulfide (CuS) addition on the superconductivity of (Bi 1.6 Pb 0.4 )Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10 (CuS) x ( x  = 0–1.5 wt%) is reported. All samples were prepared via the co-precipitation technique. The XRD patterns revealed that the formation of Bi-2223 phase was not affected by the CuS addition. The temperature-dependent resistance measurements showed a metallic normal state behavior for all samples, with onset transition temperatures T c onset between 109 and 118 K and zero transition temperatures T c zero between 96 and 101 K. The intragranular and intergranular diamagnetic transition, intrinsic and coupling peak temperatures, the onset temperature of grain decoupling and the Josephson phase-locking temperature of (Bi 1.6 Pb 0.4 )Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10 were not suppressed at lower CuS additions ( x  ≤ 0.2 wt%) but further CuS additions ( x  = 0.8–1.5 wt%) severely suppressed these properties. The highest Josephson current (10.82 μA) and Josephson energy coupling (22.22 meV) were exhibited by the non-added sample. The volume fraction of the grains decreased when CuS was added which indicated that the intergranular contribution was enhanced as shown by the AC susceptibility curves for all added samples. The highest transport critical current density, J ct at 40 K was for x  = 0.2 wt% sample (4713 mA cm −2 ). The effect of internal lattice strain on the transition temperatures was also discussed. This work showed that lower addition of CuS could enhance the connectivity between the grains and enhance flux pinning.

Bacterial infections can significantly impede wound healing and pose a serious threat to the patient’s life. The excessive use of antibiotics to combat bacterial infections has led to the emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, there is a pressing need for alternative approaches, such as photothermal therapy (PTT), to address this issue. In this study, for the first time, CuS NPs with photothermal properties were synthesized using sericin as a biological template, named CuS@Ser NPs. This method is simple, green, and does not produce toxic and harmful by-products. These nanoparticles were incorporated into a mixture (XK) of xanthan gum and konjac glucomannan (KGM) to obtain XK/CuS NPs composite hydrogel, which could overcome the limitations of current wound dressings. The composite hydrogel exhibited excellent mechanical flexibility, photothermal response, and biocompatibility. It also demonstrated potent antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria via antibacterial experiments and accelerated wound healing in animal models. Additionally, it is proved that the hydrogel promoted tissue regeneration by stimulating collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and reducing inflammation. In summary, the XK/CuS NPs composite hydrogel presents a promising alternative for the clinical management of infected wounds, offering a new approach to promote infected wound healing.

Tin-doped copper sulfide nanoparticles were prepared by the co-precipitation method. The formation of the covellite phase was confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The optical band gap for pure CuS was found to be 1.72 eV and it decreased to 1.40 eV while increasing the doping percentage. The morphology and the elemental composition of the samples were analyzed by FESEM and EDX, respectively. The absorption of nanoparticles shows the plasmonic and band-edge absorption. Sn 5 at.% doping in CuS was found to be more catalytic than other samples. I–V measurements were carried out using the drop-casting method on n-type silicon, and the results indicate diode characteristics. For the heterojunction diode, the electrical parameters were calculated, and barrier height was determined to be in the range of 0.857–0.896 V. It was observed that the doping of Sn was affecting the barrier height, saturation current, and ideality factor. The mechanism of tuning the electronic and optical properties of Sn-doped CuS demonstrates a promising application as a heterojunction diode, and as a catalytic material, which have been discussed in detail.

We report the effect of thermolysis time on the morphological and optical properties of CuS nanoparticles prepared from Cu(II) dithiocarbamate single-source precursor. The as-prepared copper sulfide nanoparticles were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of crystal violet (CV), methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), and a ternary mixture of the three dyes (CV/MB/RhB). Powder XRD patterns confirmed the hexagonal covellite phase for the CuS nanoparticles. At the same time, HRTEM images revealed mixed shapes with a particle size of 31.47 nm for CuS1 prepared at 30 min while CuS2 prepared at 1 h consists of mixtures of hexagonal and nanorods shaped particles with an average size of 21.59 nm. Mixed hexagonal and spherically shaped particles with a size of 17.77 nm were obtained for CuS3 prepared at 2 h. The optical bandgaps of the nanoparticles are 3.00 eV for CuS1, 3.26 eV for CuS2 and 3.13 eV for CuS3. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency showed that CuS3 with the smallest particle size is the most efficient photocatalyst and degraded 85% of CV, 100% of MB, and 81% of RhB. The as-prepared CuS showed good stability and recyclability and also degraded ternary dyes mixture (CV/MB/RhB) effectively. The byproducts of the dye degradation were evaluated using ESI-mass spectrometry.

CuS microflowers composites with Vulcan carbon black (CuS/Vulcan) were synthesized by a low-cost one-pot hydrothermal process and investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. The phase integrity of pristine CuS and CuS/Vulcan composites was confirmed by XRD measurements. The immobilization of CuS nanoparticles on the Vulcan support prevented their agglomeration and improved the specific surface area, the electric conductivity and the electrochemical response time of CuS-based electrodes. The electrochemical performance of CuS/Vulcan composites was characterized in a three-electrode setup and a two-electrode cell configuration as a function of the CuS/Vulcan weight ratio. The CuS/Vulcan composite electrodes with a mass ratio of 70:30 demonstrated the highest specific capacitance of 285 F g −1 and a capacitance retention of 97% after 2000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles at 5 A g −1 in 3M KOH. The assembled CuS/Vulcan (70:30)//CuS/Vulcan (70:30) symmetric cell exhibited an improved specific energy of 12.6 Wh kg −1 at a specific power of 907 W kg −1 (at the discharge current density of 0.25 A g −1 ). Overall, this study presented a facile, convenient and scalable approach for designing cost-effective and high-performance composite electrodes based on copper sulfide. Graphical abstract