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The indigenous movement in Ecuador has been among the most successful new social movements in Latin America since the late 1980s. Its success may be attributed to its formulation and persistent advocacy of an alternative to the changing manifestations of the capitalist order—the \"plurinational state.\" This position has organized and motivated the movement for the past 20 years, in the course of which it has gained access to the center of economic policy for a time and more recently has operated with greater autonomy. The struggle for plurinationalism remains at the core of the indigenous movement's approach to the current progressive government of President Rafael Correa and provides a distinctly anticapitalist alternative. Though the new constitution embodies elements of the movement's program, there remain fundamental areas of disagreement on the meaning and realization of the plurinational state.

Este trabajo analiza el proceso de reconstrucción de la memoria histórica durante el bicentenario de la independencia de Ecuador. Se examinan los discursos pronunciados por el presidente Rafael Correa Delgado entre 2009 —bicentenario de la Primera Junta de Gobierno de Quito— y 2012 —bicentenario del congreso revolucionario—, partiendo de la hipótesis de que los usos oficiales del pasado denotan un maridaje entre una matriz política liberal y una socialista, surcada asimismo por la doctrina social de la Iglesia católica. Esta representación del pasado y el presente de la nación —definida por una búsqueda del justo medio— parece constituirse en un mecanismo fundamental en el momento de afirmar al Estado como garante y organizador de la sociedad ecuatoriana. This paper analyzes the reconstruction of historical memory during Ecuador’s independence bicentennial. It examines the speeches delivered by president Rafael Correa Delgado between 2009 —the bicentennial of the First Government Assembly in Quito— and 2012 —the bicentennial of the Revolutionary Congress—, based on the hypothesis that the official uses of the past indicate a marriage between a liberal and a socialist political matrix which is simultaneously cut through by the Catholic Church’s social doctrine. This representation of the nation’s past and present —defined by the search for the golden mean— appears to constitute a key mechanism in portraying the State as guarantor and organizer of Ecuadorian society.

Paraphrasing Karl Marx, a specter is haunting Latin America -- the specter of 'populism.' This label has been attached to a wave of radical left leaders in the region, including Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, Evo Morales in Bolivia, and Rafael Correa in Ecuador. The term is normatively charged. The Mexican politician and scholar Jorge Castaneda contrasts radical populist leaders (such as Chavez and Morales), whom he characterizes as less convinced of the intrinsic value of democracy and human rights, with moderate left-wingers (such as Michelle Bachelet in Chile, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva in Brazil, and Tabare Vazquez in Uruguay), who embrace representative democracy and respect human rights. This division of the Latin American left between 'good' social democrats and 'bad' populists is open to challenge. But Castaneda is right to draw attention to the fact that democracy and populism are engaging with similar challenges of political order. Moreover, it is important to recognize that democracy and populism also have compatible normative grounds, both seeking to enact the sovereign rule of the people. Nevertheless, democrats and populists diverge over how to respond to such challenges as how to manage majority-minority relations, safeguard individual rights, and establish a just and enduring political order. The coexistence of these two political logics within Latin American societies generates significant political fault lines, reflective of the incomplete nature of democratic order in the region. Adapted from the source document.

Speaking to the AA after visiting to Turkey as the official guest of Turkish President Abdullah Gul, President [Rafael Correa Delgado] said that \"Turkey took right decisions in the economic field\". \"These agreements are just the beginning. This is the first time ever that an Ecuadorian President visited Turkey. My trip to Turkey would open many doors for Turkey and Ecuador,\" Delgado stressed. We had talks with the Turkish Airlines for direct flights to Ecuador. We were informed that the Turkish Airlines had plans to launch direct flights to Ecuador soon, Delgado also said.

Holding a press conference at the airport in capital Ankara, [Rafael Correa Delgado] said that there was a big potential between Turkey and Ecuador, adding that he arrived in Turkey with a crowded delegation to further develop relations.

The foreign ministers of the member countries of the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) will fly to the city of Quito at 11 AM this morning \"to express full support for the constitutional president of the Republic of Ecuador,\" the presidents of those countries said at an emergency early morning meeting today in Buenos Aires.