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"Council of War"
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Battle Exhortation
In this groundbreaking examination of the symbolic strategies used to prepare troops for imminent combat, Keith Yellin offers an interdisciplinary look into the rhetorical discourse that has played a prominent role in warfare, history, and popular culture from antiquity to the present day. Battle Exhortation focuses on one of the most time-honored forms of motivational communication, the encouraging speech of military commanders, to offer a pragmatic and scholarly evaluation of how persuasion contributes to combat leadership and military morale. In illustrating his subject's conventions, Yellin draws from the Bible, classical Greece and Rome, Spanish conquistadors, and American military forces. Yellin is also interested in how audiences are socialized to recognize and anticipate this type of communication that precedes difficult team efforts. To account for this dimension he probes examples as diverse as Shakespeare's Henry V, George C. Scott's portrayal of General George S. Patton, and team sports.
eBook
The Year of Victories, 1645–46
This chapter first recounts the New Model Army's unpromising start—political infighting, poor strategy, and administrative delay. Parliament's fortunes were at their lowest ebb since 1643. The chapter then follows how Sir Thomas Fairfax's Council of War chose this juncture to urge that Oliver Cromwell be nominated to the vacant lieutenant-generalship of the cavalry. The Commons—though not the Lords—quickly agreed to the request, a mere four days before battle was joined at Naseby. The chapter then narrates the contemporary narratives of the battle of Naseby and the central role of Fairfax and Cromwell. It also discusses the south-western campaign and summer campaign. The chapter then assesses the major conquests of the New Model and royalist resistance: Bridgwater, Bath, Sherborne, Bristol, Basing, Tiverton, Dartmouth and Torrington. It considers one major fortress in royalist hands: Oxford.
Book Chapter
Soldados viejos y “estropeados”. El perfil del veterano del ejército español en la primera mitad del siglo XVII
El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el perfil del veterano del ejército español en la primera mitad del siglo XVII, centrándose en la duración de su servicio y el deterioro de su condición física. Con este fin se han estudiado un conjunto de peticiones elevadas al Consejo de Guerra conservadas en el Archivo General de Simancas. Con ello se pretende arrojar luz sobre la presencia de los veteranos en el mundo moderno como un nuevo grupo social.
Journal Article
Los Consejos De Guerra Durante La Última Dictadura Militar Argentina (1976–1983)
En este trabajo me propongo explorar el funcionamiento de los Consejos de Guerra o tribunales militares que actuaron en los límites del aparato represivo legal de la última dictadura militar argentina. Estos tribunales fueron concebidos hacia fines del siglo XIX como fueros diferenciados destinados a mantener la disciplina de las Fuerzas Armadas. Sin embargo, desde comienzos de la década del sesenta, más tarde en los primeros años setenta y especialmente desde el golpe de Estado militar de marzo de 1976 se convirtieron en cuerpos extrajudiciales concentrados en acusar y juzgar a civiles por medio de la figura del delito político. La historiografía argentina aún no ha reconocido el papel significativo que desempeñaron los Consejos de Guerra al contribuir con el proceso de judicialización de la represión política, con la redefinición de una legalidad autoritaria y con una nueva racionalidad política. Abstract In this paper I will explore the mechanisms by which the councils of war or military courts that were involved in the last military dictatorship in Argentina, acted on the border between legality and illegality within the framework of the legal repressive apparatus of that time. These courts were conceived in the late nineteenth century as distinct jurisdictions intended to maintain discipline in the armed forces. However, since the early sixties, later in the early seventies and especially since the March 1976 coup, they became extrajudicial bodies that judged and prosecute civilians for political crimes. Argentina’s historiography has not yet fully recognized the significant role played by these councils of war as contributors to the process of judicialization of political repression, the redefinition of authoritarian legality and a new political rationality.
Journal Article
RETURN TO ARKANSAS
WHILE THE FEDERALS EXPLORED PEA RIDGE, THE DISPIRITED CONfederates passed the time at Cross Hollows and Elm Springs, a day’s march to the south and southwest. Rains was out of ideas and under mounting criticism for falling back so far and so fast. Anxious to retrieve the situation before Hindman returned, he held a council of war. One of the officers present was Colonel Douglas H. Cooper, a hard-drinking Mexican War veteran who had raised the First Choctaw and Chickasaw Mounted Rifles at the outbreak of the war. Cooper was superintendent of Indian Affairs and de facto commander of Confederate
Book Chapter
O Conselho de Guerra como lugar de poder: a delimitação da sua autoridade
Este artigo debruça-se sobre as consultas do Conselho de Guerra durante a Guerra da Restauração (1640-1668), tendo como fio condutor a delimitação da autoridade deste Conselho, uma inovação institucional imposta pela aclamação do rei da Casa de Bragança, mas seguindo o modelo institucional da Casa de Áustria. A demarcação do papel do Conselho de Guerra passou, em primeiro lugar, pela limitação dos seus poderes em relação aos poderes do próprio rei e, ao mesmo tempo, pela criação das fronteiras com o conjunto de outras instancias de aconselhamento do monarca, nomeadamente o Conselho Ultramarino e o Desembargo do Paço. This article examines the consultations of the Council of War (Conselho de Guerra) during the War of Restoration (1640-1668), its central thread being the delimitation of this Council's authority. The Council was an institutional innovation imposed following the acclamation of the house of Bragança king, but which adopted the institutional model of the house of Austria. The demarcation of the Council of War's role involved, first, the limitation of its powers in relation to the king's own powers and, at the same time, the setting of lines of demarcation between it and the monarchy's other consultative bodies, in particular the Overseas Council (Conselho Ultramarino) and the Replevin of the Court (Desembargo do Paço).
Journal Article