Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
9
result(s) for
"Credit -- Spain -- History -- 16th century"
Sort by:
New World gold
The discovery of the New World was initially a cause for celebration. But the vast amounts of gold that Columbus and other explorers claimed from these lands altered Spanish society. The influx of such wealth contributed to the expansion of the Spanish empire, but also it raised doubts and insecurities about the meaning and function of money, the ideals of court and civility, and the structure of commerce and credit. New World Gold shows that, far from being a stabilizing force, the flow of gold from the Americas created anxieties among Spaniards and shaped a host of distinct behaviors, cultural practices, and intellectual pursuits on both sides of the Atlantic. Elvira Vilches examines economic treatises, stories of travel and conquest, moralist writings, fiction, poetry, and drama to reveal that New World gold ultimately became a problematic source of power that destabilized Spain’s sense of trust, truth, and worth. These cultural anxieties, she argues, rendered the discovery of gold paradoxically disastrous for Spanish society. Combining economic thought, social history, and literary theory in trans-Atlantic contexts, New World Gold unveils the dark side of Spain’s Golden Age.
eBook
New World gold
The discovery of the New World was initially a cause for celebration. But the vast amounts of gold that Columbus and other explorers claimed from these lands altered Spanish society. The influx of such wealth contributed to the expansion of the Spanish empire, but also it raised doubts and insecurities about the meaning and function of money, the ideals of court and civility, and the structure of commerce and credit. New World Gold shows that, far from being a stabilizing force, the flow of gold from the Americas created anxieties among Spaniards and shaped a host of distinct behaviors, cultur
Publication
Refinancing short-term debt with a fixed monthly interest rate into funded juros under Philip II: an asiento with the Maluenda brothers
In the fragmented geographical, fiscal, and financial state inherited by Philip II of Spain, while the public debt reached an unprecedented level (50-60 per cent of GDP), the critical refinancing of unfunded asientos into funded juros was operated by merchant-bankers who signed the asientos. This process is illustrated, using abundant archival documentation, by an asiento with the Maluenda brothers in 1595, which provided the Crown with steady monthly cash payments for a year with options to sell juros for two-thirds of the credit, and a monthly rate of 1 per cent on the interim balance. Other examples are provided.
Journal Article
Between Medina del Campo and Rome. A Journey of Money in the Sixteenth Century
During the early modern age, shaping the mechanisms and guarantees of financial and commercial transactions was the basis for the expansion of commercial markets: the beginning of market globalization was due not only to the discovery of a new continent and new trade routes, but also to the manner of being in contact with these new territories and of including them economically and financially in a perspective of political development. The credit instruments were an important tool and the Catholic monarchy was at the forefront of the use of the most appropriate instruments to implement a system of control and domination at a political and financial-economic level.1 This article investigates an episode - the refusal of the Colegio de Santa María de los Ángeles de la Universidad de Salamanca to pay the difference between old and new chamber ducats, generated in a payment made in Rome; this is a clear example of the complexities of the financial transactions made in Rome that were the result of benefits, concessions and graces of various kinds. The network of relations involved in the quarrel proves the ability of Antonio de Fonseca, a Portuguese banker living in Rome, who was to become an important financial asset in the Italian and curial environment for the Castillan banker Simón Ruiz. Viceversa, Simon Ruiz, too was an excellent contact for Fonseca who used him to find out what was happening within the Catholic monarchy at a time as delicate as its union with the Portuguese kingdom (1580-1640). Their correspondence depicts the dynamics and complexities of the contacts between \"hombres de negocios\" through the Iberian Peninsula and Rome.
Journal Article
PHILIP II AGAINST THE CORTES AND THE CREDIT FREEZE OF 1575-1577
Numerous archival documents show how the suspension of payments by Philip II, in September 1575, on the contracts with Genoese bankers (asientos) induced a freeze of the domestic credit market in Castile through the bankers’ intermediation for asientos and the credit interconnections. Commercial fairs stopped, banks failed and trade suffered while the king granted legal protection to the Genoese bankers. The evidence strikingly confirms that by his strategy, Philip II was able to remove the de facto ceiling on the domestic debt (juros) imposed by the fixed revenue commitment of the Castilian cities in the Cortes. The agreement with the bankers was signed in December 1577 immediately after the cities had agreed to the doubling of their commitment. La documentación archivística muestra que el decreto de suspensión de consignaciones de 1575-77 paralizó el mercado de crédito de Castilla por la estrecha relación que había entre los asientos de los banqueros del rey y el crédito local. Durante esos años, las ferias dejaron de celebrarse, muchos bancos locales quebraron y el comercio sufrió una grave parálisis, pero el rey no dudó en proteger a sus banqueros de sus acreedores castellanos. La documentación confirma que gracias a esta estrategia, Felipe II logró romper el techo de su deuda pública (juros) que dependía de la contribución fiscal de las ciudades reunidas en las Cortes de Castilla. El acuerdo con los banqueros no se firmó hasta Diciembre de 1577, sólo inmediatamente después de que las ciudades hubiesen aceptado duplicar su contribución.
Journal Article
The Genoese and Portuguese financial operators' control of the Spanish silver market (1627 - 1657)
The Genoese bankers became the leaders of the Spanish Empire's credit market borrowing money to the Habsburgs for more than a century. The quiebra (decree of bankruptcy) of 1627 was a real turning point in the history of the Spanish Hacienda Real. Prime Minister Olivares' goal was to weaken the Genoese operators and to oblige the Portuguese bankers to take their risk serving their new king as'good vassals'. A crucial problem was the payment of the Spanish troops, signally the Army of Flanders,This complex mechanism was based on the conversion from silver to gold. In 1630 Spain signed a peace treaty with England and this political agreement opened up new business opportunities for the Genoese and Portuguese bankers as well. In fact, the English Royal Mint bought a huge amount of bullion, and the asentistas obtained credit in Flanders through the bullion paid with bills of exchange in Antwerp. Furthermore new evidence from the Casa da Moeda of Lisbon let us suppose that the marranos bankers of Madrid also developed profitable silver trade.
Journal Article
Los bancos públicos de Castilla y el decreto de 1575
Los \"bancos públicos\" de las principales ciudades de Castilla mantuvieron estrechos lazos con los asentistas del rey a lo largo del siglo XVI. Gracias a ellos muchos financieros lograron reunir el dinero que le prestaban a la Corona. El decreto de 1575 causó más daño a los bancos públicos y a sus clientes que a los banqueros del rey. Muchos bancos públicos quebraron y el crédito desapareció a nivel local. La suspensión de consignaciones no pretendía solo revisar los asientos, sino mandar un claro mensaje a las ciudades para que atendiesen las demandas fiscales de la Corona. La quiebra en 1576 del banco de Pedro de Morga en Sevilla es un buen ejemplo para ver la conexión que existía entre el rey, los bancos públicos y los grandes banqueros de la Corona. Palabras clave: bancos públicos; bancarrota; crédito; Felipe II; Sevilla.
Journal Article
Philip I of England, embezzlement, and the quantity theory of money
Early in 1555, King Philip I of England minted at the Tower of London over £40,000 in sterling from New World silver brought from Spain. By probing Spanish and English accountancy procedures, this article demonstrates that this sum has not been included in either sixteenth-century or modern calculations of the circulating medium. Revised estimates for the money supply are given and possible inflationary effects on the mid-Tudor price rise are considered.
Journal Article