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\"Get an up-close look at a variety of things that help police solve crimes\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The social life of forensic evidence
In The Social Life of Forensic Evidence, Corinna Kruse provides a major contribution to understanding forensic evidence and its role in the criminal justice system. Arguing that forensic evidence can be understood as a form of knowledge, she reveals that each piece of evidence has a social life and biography. Kruse shows how the crime scene examination is as crucial to the creation of forensic evidence as laboratory analyses, the plaintiff, witness, and suspect statements elicited by police investigators, and the interpretations that prosecutors and defense lawyers bring to the evidence. Drawing on ethnographic data from Sweden and on theory from both anthropology and science and technology studies, she examines how forensic evidence is produced and how it creates social relationships as cases move from crime scene to courtroom. She demonstrates that forensic evidence is neither a fixed entity nor solely material, but is inseparably part of and made through particular legal, social, and technological practices.
eBook
Touch DNA Sampling Methods: Efficacy Evaluation and Systematic Review
Collection and interpretation of “touch DNA” from crime scenes represent crucial steps during criminal investigations, with clear consequences in courtrooms. Although the main aspects of this type of evidence have been extensively studied, some controversial issues remain. For instance, there is no conclusive evidence indicating which sampling method results in the highest rate of biological material recovery. Thus, this study aimed to describe the actual considerations on touch DNA and to compare three different sampling procedures, which were “single-swab”, “double-swab”, and “other methods” (i.e., cutting out, adhesive tape, FTA® paper scraping), based on the experimental results published in the recent literature. The data analysis performed shows the higher efficiency of the single-swab method in DNA recovery in a wide variety of experimental settings. On the contrary, the double-swab technique and other methods do not seem to improve recovery rates. Despite the apparent discrepancy with previous research, these results underline certain limitations inherent to the sampling procedures investigated. The application of this information to forensic investigations and laboratories could improve operative standard procedures and enhance this almost fundamental investigative tool’s probative value.
Journal Article
Crime scene science : 20 projects and experiments about clues, crimes, criminals, and other mysterious things
A collection of 20 crime scene science themed projects. Includes suggestions on effective presentation at science fairs, taking experiments one step further, and using science vocabulary correctly.
Book
Photogrammetry using visible, infrared, hyperspectral and thermal imaging of crime scenes
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•Combining photogrammetry and advanced imaging techniques.•3D crime scene reconstruction beyond the visible wavelength range.•Visualization and chemical or thermal analysis of latent traces from any viewpoint.•Non-contact mapping and geometric measurements.
Photogrammetry is a method for obtaining virtual 3D models of objects and scenes. The technique is increasingly used to record the crime scene in its original, undisturbed state for mapping, analytical and reconstruction purposes. Recently, it was shown that it is possible to visualize and/or chemically analyze latent traces by using advanced cameras which either operate in wavelength ranges beyond the visible range, and/or are able to obtain spectrally resolved images. The combination of these advanced cameras and photogrammetric techniques enables the 3D registration of valuable information. We successfully explored the feasibility to obtain visible, infrared, hyperspectral and thermal 3D registrations of simulated crime scenes using photogrammetry, and demonstrate the possibilities and practical challenges for use in forensic practice.
Journal Article
Stolen prey
When Marta Dickenson, a well-off accountant and a beloved wife and mother, is murdered, Lieutenant Eve Dallas immerses herself in her billionaire husband Roarke's world of big business to discover who arranged a hit on an innocent woman.
Book
Smart tech meets forensics: Enhancing crime scene investigation with digital simulations
This study proposes the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), specifically reinforcement learning and immersive human-computer interaction, to enhance crime scene investigation (CSI) training and assessment in public security colleges and universities. By incorporating these technologies, the aim is to provide a more systematic, scientific, and efficient learning experience for students, while ensuring fair and impartial evaluation. The technical roadmap and implementation strategy for applying AI and immersive interaction in CSI training are outlined, along with an application plan for different stages of the training and assessment process. This integration seeks to standardize and optimize CSI training, improving both intelligence and efficiency while ensuring fairness in evaluations.
•The study integrates AI and immersive HCI into crime scene investigation training.•Reinforcement learning and immersive interaction technologies optimize the intelligence of crime scene investigation.•A technical roadmap for integrating AI into crime scene investigation training.•The goal is to standardize and improve crime scene investigation training and assessment, and maximizing efficiency.
Journal Article
Technical note: The Next Step – a semi-automatic coding and comparison system for forensic footwear impressions
Footwear impression evidence is a key tool in criminal investigations, connecting suspects to the crime scene; in addition, it may provide valuable forensic intelligence linking different crime scenes in the absence of a suspect. This paper presents the development of a computer database and semi-automatic system for shoeprint comparison. The database is based on structured manual coding of elements by CSI (Crime Scene Investigators). The computer algorithm then compares the pattern information of the query footwear impression to the entire database, returning a list of possible matches ranked by pattern similarity and crime scene geographic proximity. Initial results using a database of 284 footwear impressions from real crime scenes revealed that a \"match\" (i.e., the same shoe model) was found for 30% of the impressions; in most cases, the \"match\" ranked within the top five places of the \"hit\" list generated by the algorithm. Our results confirm that this semi-automatic footwear comparison system is simple, cost-effective and efficient, providing great potential for linking crime scenes.
•Shoeprints from crime scenes are a key tool in forensic investigations and forensic intelligence.•A simple, semi-automatic coding and comparison system is presented.•\"Hits\" are ranked according to shoeprint element similarity and geographic proximity.•Initial assessment of the system performance is provided.
Journal Article
Laser Desorption-Ion Mobility Spectrometry of Explosives for Forensic and Security Applications
Background: The detection of explosives in crime scene investigations is critical for forensic science. This study explores the application of laser desorption (LD) ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) as a novel method for this purpose utilising a new IMS prototype developed by MaSaTECH. Methods: The LD sampling technique employs a laser diode module to vaporise explosive traces on surfaces, allowing immediate analysis by IMS without sample preparation. Chemometric approaches, including multivariate data analysis, were utilised for data processing and interpretation, including pre-processing of raw IMS plasmagrams and various pattern recognition techniques, such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machines (SVMs). Results: The IMS prototype was validated through experiments with pure explosives (TNT, RDX, PETN) and explosive products (SEMTEX 1A, C4) on different materials. The study found that the pre-processing method significantly impacts classification accuracy, with the PCA-LDA model demonstrating the best performance for real-world applications. Conclusions: The LD-IMS prototype, coupled with effective chemometric techniques, presents a promising methodology for the detection of explosives in forensic investigations, enhancing the reliability of field applications.
Journal Article