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Damian Williams, the U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York, said Dec. 21 that Caroline Ellison and Gary Wang, two former colleagues of Sam Bankman-Fried, pleaded guilty to federal criminal fraud charges.

The false dilemma from plea bargaining grows from \"take it or leave it\" belief that has been offered to the fact that guilt is mostly resolved through negotiated guilty pleas. Wright and Miller offer a different choice, and they point to prosecutorial \"screening\" as the principal alternative to plea bargains.

The trust had pleaded guilty at Nottingham Magistrates Court to six counts of failing to provide safe care and treatment to the babies and their mothers after a prosecution brought by the Care Quality Commission (CQC). The trust admitted causing a significant risk of avoidable harm to O’Sullivan, Rawson, and all three of the babies’ mothers and of actual avoidable harm to Parker at Nottingham City Hospital. The fine was reduced from £5.5m because of the guilty pleas and the trust’s financial position.

In misdemeanor cases, pretrial detention poses a particular problem because it may induce innocent defendants to plead guilty in order to exit jail, potentially creating widespread error in case adjudication. While practitioners have long recognized this possibility, empirical evidence on the downstream impacts of pretrial detention on misdemeanor defendants and their cases remains limited. This Article uses detailed data on hundreds of thousands of misdemeanor cases resolved in Harris County, Texas—the third-largest county in the United States—to measure the effects of pretrial detention on case outcomes and future crime. We find that detained defendants are 25% more likely than similarly situated releasees to plead guilty, are 43% more likely to be sentenced to jail, and receive jail sentences that are more than twice as long on average. Furthermore, those detained pretrial are more likely to commit future crimes, which suggests that detention may have a criminogenic effect. These differences persist even after fully controlling for the initial bail amount, offense, demographic information, and criminal history characteristics. Use of more limited sets of controls, as in prior research, overstates the adverse impacts of detention. A quasi-experimental analysis based on case timing confirms that these differences likely reflect the causal effect of detention. These results raise important constitutional questions and suggest that Harris County could save millions of dollars per year, increase public safety, and reduce wrongful convictions with better pretrial release policy.

New York gynaecologist Robert Hadden, 64, who sexually abused hundreds of patients over decades at two of Manhattan’s most prestigious hospitals, has been sentenced to 20 years in prison by a federal court. The limited federal charges were necessary because most of Hadden’s victims took their complaints to New York state authorities, but in 2016 Manhattan district attorney Cyrus Vance Jr offered Hadden a plea deal that allowed him to escape prison time. The 2016 plea deal for Hadden was widely condemned and led to a change in New York law that opened a one year window for victims of sexual assault to launch civil suits even though the statute of limitations had passed in their cases.

Why do so many managers under estimate the time it will take to complete a significant project? Almost half of business projects fall behind schedule, and up to a third are not completed at all, according to a 2021 report by the Project Management Institute. The Berlin Brandenburg Airport took 14 years to construct instead of the estimated five, and its cost ballooned from a 2009 budget of 2.83 billion euros to over 6 billion euros by the time it was completed. And after the V.C. Summer nuclear plant expansion project in South Carolina was abandoned in 2017, two executives involved in what became known as the \"Nukegate\" scandal pleaded guilty to fraud charges stemming from their efforts to conceal delays. Compared with the control group, on average, people who were exposed to the high anchor repeatedly estimated that it would take them longer to complete the task, whereas the low anchor led to shorter time estimates.

According to its 2022 annual report, BAT made a payment of £79 million in relation to the case raised by the FCCPC. According to the US Department of Justice, BAT received around $415 million from tobacco sales in North Korea over several years, funnelled through front companies. “British American Tobacco and its subsidiary engaged in an elaborate scheme to circumvent US sanctions and sell tobacco products to North Korea in violation of US law”, remarked Assistant Attorney General Matthew Olsen in comments to the media.

This article uses a natural experiment to analyze whether incarceration during the pretrial period affects case outcomes. In Philadelphia, defendants randomly receive bail magistrates who differ widely in their propensity to set bail at affordable levels. Using magistrate leniency as an instrument, I find that pretrial detention leads to a 13% increase in the likelihood of being convicted, an effect largely explained by an increase in guilty pleas among defendants who otherwise would have been acquitted or had their charges dropped. I find also that pretrial detention leads to a 42% increase in the length of the incarceration sentence and a 41% increase in the amount of nonbail court fees owed. This latter finding contributes to a growing literature on fines-and-fees in criminal justice, and suggests that the use of money bail contributes to a “povertytrap”: those who are unable to pay bail wind up accruing more court debt.

Instead the court assigns them counsel, preventing clients from exercising agency in forming this critical relationship.3 Differences in race and class between defense counsel and client can further strain this already precarious relationship.4 Combined, these factors can impede the formation of a trusting attorney-client relationship, a necessary component of effective representation.5 Criminal law scholars have acknowledged these difficulties and offered suggestions for how to improve the attorney-client relationship.6 Angelo Petrigh is an emerging voice among such scholars. [...]I examine the different phases of a criminal case, focusing on the trial and post-conviction phases as they relate to the attorney-client relationship and counseling. [...]I consider Petrigh's critical counseling in post-conviction representation with an emphasis on counseling capitallyconvicted clients. Instead of knowledge flowing in one direction- from defense counsel to the client-critical counseling involves an exchange of information where defense counsel and the client are mutually valuable arbiters of knowledge.43 Such knowledge may include details of the arrest, interactions with law enforcement, or even policing conditions in their neighborhood.44 Importantly, once the knowledge exchange has occurred, defense counsel should present the client with resources and options to challenge issues beyond the case, empowering the client to decide whether to engage in broader reform efforts.45 To do so effectively requires defense counsel to become aware of existing social justice and organizing efforts in their clients' communities.