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"Crisis Intervention"
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Recommended psychological crisis intervention response to the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China: a model of West China Hospital
The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) epidemic has brought serious social psychological impact to the Chinese people, especially those quarantined and thus with limited access to face-to-face communication and traditional social psychological interventions. To better deal with the urgent psychological problems of people involved in the COVID-19 epidemic, we developed a new psychological crisis intervention model by utilizing internet technology. This new model, one of West China Hospital, integrates physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists and social workers into Internet platforms to carry out psychological intervention to patients, their families and medical staff. We hope this model will make a sound basis for developing a more comprehensive psychological crisis intervention response system that is applicable for urgent social and psychological problems.
Journal Article
Crisis Intervention Team of Avilés. Results after three years
IntroductionThis Crisis Intervention Team was born in October 2018 with the aim of intensifying the treatment of people in psychiatric crisis situation.ObjectivesProvide an intensive and early assessment and approach in a timely manner. It also provides home care if necessary.MethodsThe team intensively performs scheduled visits, emergencys, telephone interventions and home care. It is in constant coordination with other structures of the mental health and socio-health network.ResultsA total of 83 patients have been included in our team since its inception. The youngest was 17 years old and the oldest 83 years old (exceptional case in evaluation). The mean age was 45.6 years. 67.4% were female (56 women) and 32.5% male (27 men). The delay in care did not exceed 48 hours.200 patients were evaluated into suicide protocol, with ages ranging from 15 to 85 years, with a mean age of 45.4 years. The delay in care does not exceed 10 days.ConclusionsThis is a team that offers a rapid response, dedicates the necessary time for a correct evaluation of the risk, of the evolution and tries to establish a therapeutic alliance in record time. It is able to tolerate a certain degree of uncertainty, manage and tolerate the level of risk. He stands out for being flexible and dynamic in order to be able to adapt to the patients and theirs circumstances. This requires empathy, closeness and commitment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Journal Article
Impact of crisis intervention on mental health in the context of specific civilian emergencies
The implementation of crisis response strategies, such as natural hazards, pandemics, and conflicts, is necessary during times of emergency. Despite the importance of these interventions, mental health outcomes in emergency situations remain poorly understood. There is a lack of research on the comparative effectiveness of different interventions. Therefore, this study addresses the following question: \"How do crisis interventions affect mental health outcomes in emergencies?\".
This study aims to conduct a scoping review of the impact mechanisms of crisis intervention on the mental health of witnesses or participants in the context of emergencies. The study encompassed a wide array of studies, emphasizing the efficacy of several crisis intervention modalities, such as psychological first aid and trauma-focused therapy.
Most of the existing results were based on hospitals, schools and communities as research scenarios. The findings revealed substantial beneficial effects on mental health outcomes, such as decreased symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Nevertheless, discrepancies in the efficacy were observed depending on the nature of the emergency, the model of intervention, and the demographic variables. The study highlights the intricate nature of executing crisis interventions during emergencies, taking into account aspects such as cultural sensitivity, resource availability, and the necessity for customized approaches.
Crisis interventions are crucial in reducing the detrimental effects on mental health caused by emergencies. However, additional focused and enduring investigations are necessary to understand their efficacy in various emergency scenarios and demographics. Therefore, future research can further enrich psychological crisis intervention methods and deepen research on the impact of crisis intervention on mental health.
Journal Article
Effect of crisis resolution team treatment on crisis experience and crisis coping: a multicenter pre-post study in Norway
Background
Crisis resolution teams (CRTs) have been established in several high-income countries to improve access to mental health services and to prevent unnecessary inpatient admissions. General crisis theory is one of the foundations underpinning the development of CRTs. However, little research has been conducted on what characterises the situations leading to contact with these services and the crisis reactions during CRT care. This study aimed to describe characteristics and situations leading to contact with CRTs and to explore and predict possible changes in crisis experience and coping after CRT treatment.
Methods
Participants of this Norwegian multicentre pre-post study included 546 CRT service users of 25 CRTs. No control group was included. The present study builds on data collected from service users and team workers. The main outcome variables were change in patient-reported crisis experience and crisis coping from start to end of treatment. We performed descriptive analysis of affected life domains, and linear mixed modelling to analyse how outcomes were associated with patients’ characteristics and treatment.
Results
At treatment initiation, service users reported high scores of crisis experience and coping difficulties. Several life domains were affected, particularly emotional-life domains, such as mental illness, suicide risk, and loneliness. Lower levels of crisis experience, and enhanced coping abilities were observed within a timeframe of eight weeks or less. Although the current study design cannot rule out a specific causal relationship, recovery was nevertheless associated with service satisfaction, practical support, medication management, and quick access to help. Psychiatric symptoms at start, previous mental illness, and collaboration with wards were negatively related to a favourable outcome.
Conclusions
CRT service users reported high levels of crisis experience and low levels of coping at treatment initiation. CRT treatment was associated with a decrease in severity and improvement in coping, although more severe mental health problems at the start were negatively related to recovery.
Journal Article
Crisis-line workers’ perspectives on AI in suicide prevention: a qualitative exploration of risk and opportunity
Background
Crisis support services offer crucial intervention for individuals in acute distress, providing timely access to trained volunteers whose human connection is key to the effectiveness of these services. However, there are significant disparities in who utilises these services. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new possibilities for crisis intervention in the form of AI-powered conversational partners. Yet, there is little guidance on how AI might be used in this context; and the risks and opportunities remain largely unexplored. This study aims to explore the risks and opportunities of integrating artificial volunteers (AVs) into crisis support, focusing on meeting the needs of those at risk of suicide. It collects the perspectives of crisis service volunteers to contemplate an AVs potential effect on the quality and effectiveness of support provided in crisis situations.
Methods
A thematic analysis was used to interpret 13 semi-structured, exploratory qualitative interviews of an UK-based crisis service volunteers.
Results
Three concerns were identified regarding perceived inflexibility and inauthenticity of AI, and the potential for dehumanisation of texters, aligning with factors influencing suicidal behaviour, such as perceived rejection and feelings of entrapment. Despite these concerns, the study found potential advantages, including reduced perceived burden on texters, enhanced confidentiality, and consistent, impartial responses. Recommendations for potential implementations suggest a cautious yet open-minded approach to integrating AI into crisis support, emphasising the need for transparency, accountability, and clarity on the role of human oversight.
Conclusions
AI could complement rather than replace human support in the form of an AV, offering a differentiated, accessible avenue for those who might prefer or benefit from non-human interaction.
Journal Article