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\"The brainchild of Admiral Sir John Fisher, battlecruisers combined heavy guns and high speed in the largest hulls of their era. Conceived as \"super-cruisers\" whose job it was to hunt down and destroy commerce raiders, their size and gun-power led to their inclusion in the battlefleet as a fast squadron of capital ships. This book traces in detail the development of Fisher's original idea into the first battlecruiser Invincible of 1908, through to the \"Splendid Cats\" of the Lion class, and culminating in HMS Hood in 1920, the largest warship in the world for the next twenty years. The origins of the unusual \"light battlecruisers\" of the Courageous type are also covered.\" - publisher

[...]the ignorance expressed by Chief Brody (Roy Scheider) accurately reflects the murky histories of the majority of wartime cruisers deployed by the U.S. Navy during the Second World War2. [...]the story of the Indianapolis occupies an uncomfortable place in relation to a general taboo in Hollywood: the atomic bombing of Hiroshima6. Subsequently, the dissolution of Communism throughout Eastern Europe (which peaked upon the Soviet Union's collapse in 1991) provided Bush with the rhetorical window of opportunity to construct his Churchillian vision of a new post-Cold War world in which 'the principles of justice and fair play protect the weak against the strong'8, evidenced both in the 1989 Panamanian intervention (\"Operation Just Cause\") to dispose the de facto ruler General Manuel Noriega and leading coalition forces into the Gulf War in 1990 following Iraq's invasion and annexation of neighbouring Kuwait9. [...]Mission of the Shark was produced and released amidst a distinctly more amicable period of diplomatic relations between Washington and Tokyo, mirroring the Bush administration's desire to ensure the \"Japan Bashing\"15 trade tensions of the 1980s did not spill over into issues of national security and impinge upon both nations ability to collaborate together in confronting the various challenges posed to them by this new-post Cold War world.

The successful operational redeployment of the German Brest Group (consisting of two battleships and one heavy cruiser) plus six destroyers from Brest, France, to home waters from 11 to 13 February 1942 (dubbed Operation CERBERUS) was a major defensive naval/joint operation for the Germans. Operation CERBERUS remains one of very few such operations aimed not at destroying hostile forces but at carrying out an operational redeployment. Although the British prepared an operation plan to respond, it was incoherent and executed as a series of poorly coordinated tactical actions carried out by several major commands. The Germans were highly successful in both planning and executing Operation CERBERUS; while both battleships suffered some damage from enemy mines, they eventually reached home waters. Despite the passage of time, this operation is rich in operational lessons that are still valid today and will remain so in the future. Between 23 November 1941 and the beginning of February 1942, the British conducted twenty-five twilight or night air raids against the Brest Group.

Road traffic accidents remain a major public safety and economic concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where aging vehicle fleets and limited access to advanced driver-assistance systems exacerbate the risk. This study presents a low-cost, retrofittable automated braking system designed to enhance safety in older manual-transmission vehicles without relying on ABS or ESC. The system combines ultrasonic sensors, an Arduino-based control unit, and a solenoid actuator to automatically apply brakes, effectively eliminating human reaction delays and improving collision mitigation under dusty or low-visibility conditions. The proposed approach targets vehicles such as the Toyota Land Cruiser HZJ79, commonly used in Ethiopia’s military and commercial sectors. Analytical modeling, CAD-based design (SolidWorks), and hardware simulations (Proteus) were employed to evaluate actuator force, braking time, and stopping distance. Results indicate consistent reductions in stopping distance, achieving up to 85% improvement at low speeds and an average reduction of 14% across all tested conditions. Comparative analysis with existing low-cost automated braking systems demonstrates superior performance under realistic constraints. The primary contribution of this work is twofold: it extends the service life and safety of existing vehicles in resource-limited settings, and it provides a scalable, practical solution that reduces accident-related social and economic burdens without requiring fleet replacement. A cost-benefit assessment further confirms the system’s feasibility and potential impact. Overall, this study demonstrates that intelligent braking technologies can be effectively integrated into older vehicles, bridging a critical gap in road safety and offering a sustainable approach to reducing traffic-related injuries and fatalities in low- and middle-income countries.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to detect the determinants of cruise tourists’ expenditure level during their visits to an emergent Mediterranean port city. The article also aims to discuss its findings and contrast them with previous similar studies in other territorial contexts. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on surveys conducted on 1,010 cruise tourists that visited the city of Tarragona (Catalonia) during 2017. An ordered logit model is implemented to measure the impact of different variables related to the tourists’ characteristics and their activities developed at the destination. Findings Results underline diverse significant influences of multiple factors on the expenditures, such as the travel party, the age of the visitors, the length of stay and the tourists’ activities in the city. Although no incidence has been detected of variables related to the satisfaction with the visit of the cruise passengers in general, a positive association has been identified for those cruise passengers travelling on super-sized ships. Originality/value This study tests the effect of different variables that the literature pinpointed as determinants of the cruise tourists’ expenditures as well as other variables that have been underexplored in existing studies. The findings of this article are of special value for public and private organisations to optimally manage and market cruise tourism and boost the local economic impact. 目的 本文的主要目的是研究游轮游客在地中海某新兴港口城市旅游期间支出水平的决定因素。同时, 本文也对研究结果进行了探讨, 并将其与以往在其他区域背景下的类似研究进行对比。 设计 / 方法 / 途径 本研究对1010名游轮游客进行了调查, 这些游客在2017年访问了塔拉戈纳（加泰罗尼亚）。随后, 通过运用有序逻辑模型, 对涉及旅游目的地的游客特征及其旅游活动的不同变量的影响进行了衡量。 发现 研究结果表明, 旅行团体规模、游客年龄、停留时间和游客的城市活动等多种因素对旅游支出有着不同程度的显著影响。尽管本研究未检测到与游轮游客的总体访问满意度相关的变量, 但在大型游船上的游轮游客中, 检测出了积极的相关关系。 独创性 / 值 本研究检验了现有文献提出的不同变量, 以及文献中尚未充分探讨的其他变量对游轮游客支出的影响。本研究的成果对公共和私人组织进行游轮旅游的优化管理和市场营销, 以及提高地方的经济影响力的实践具有特殊的价值。 关键词 邮轮旅游，巡洋舰，塔拉戈纳，游客的支出 文章类型 研究论文 Propósito El objetivo principal de este artículo es detectar los determinantes del nivel de gasto económico de los turistas de cruceros durante sus visitas en una ciudad portuaria emergente y mediterránea. El artículo también pretende discutir sus hallazgos y contrastarlos con estudios similares realizados previamente enotros contextos territoriales. Diseño/Metodología El estudio se basa en encuestas realizadas a 1.010 turistas de cruceros que visitaron la ciudad de Tarragona (Catalunya) durante 2017. Se ha implementado un modelo logit ordenado, para medir el impacto de diferentes variables relacionadas con las características de los turistas y sus actividades desarrolladas en el destino. Resultados Los resultados subrayan diversas influencias significativas de múltiples factores sobre los gastos económicos de los turistas de cruceros, como el tamaño del grupo de viaje, la edad de los visitantes, la duración de la estancia y las actividades desarrolladas en la ciudad. Aunque en general no se ha detectado ninguna incidencia de variables relacionadas con la satisfacción con la visita a la ciudad, se ha identificado una asociación positiva para los pasajeros de cruceros que viajan en barcos de gran tamaño. Originalidad/valor Este estudio prueba el efecto de diferentes variables que la literatura existente ha identificado como determinantes del gasto económico de los turistas de cruceros, así como otras variables no exploradas previamente. Los hallazgos de este trabajo son de especial valor para las organizaciones públicas y privadas para administrar y comercializar de manera óptima el turismo de cruceros e impulsar el impacto económico local. Palavras-chave Turismo de cruceros, cruceros, Tarragona, gasto turístico

Purpose This paper aims to identify the drivers that explain loyalty behavior in cruise tourism with the aim of achieving a better understanding of repeat cruisers’ intentions to sail on the same ship or on another ship belonging to the same cruise line or cruise corporation. Design/methodology/approach Based on over 150,000 online reviews about their satisfaction and experience posted by cruisers using so-called electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM), the authors apply both a graphic and an econometric technique through input-output circular plots and discrete choice models. Findings The main results show that cruisers’ behavior is influenced by multiple onboard attributes, such as the service crew, entertainment options, type of cabin, some characteristics of the ship (age, capacity) and the cruise line (Premium-Luxury versus mainstream), and, specifically, the quality and variety of the gastronomic experience. Practical implications The results highlight that repeats cruisers are predominantly linked to a cruise company or a cruise corporation rather than a particular ship. This result provides information on the moderators that can influence the customers’ repetition behavior, which might be useful for planning revenue management and extending knowledge on hospitality loyalty in general and in the cruise industry in particular, specifically under the current uncertainty due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality/value The previous literature has essentially examined revisit intentions in the cruise market from a qualitative approach and the authors have found no study to date that has simultaneously addressed this issue in three dimensions, namely, ship, cruise line and cruise corporation. The research fills this gap by determining the reasons why passengers would repeat a cruise either on the same ship, with the same cruise line or the same cruise corporation based on previous experience.