Explore the vast range of titles available.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how Design for Additive manufacturing Knowledge has been developing and its significance to both academia and industry. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors use a bibliometric approach to analyse publications from January 2010 to December 2020 to explore the subject areas, publication outlets, most active authors, geographical distribution of scholarly outputs, collaboration and co-citations at both institutional and geographical levels and outcomes from keywords analysis. Findings The findings reveal that most knowledge has been developed in DfAM methods, rules and guidelines. This may suggest that designers are trying to learn new ways of harnessing the freedom offered by AM. Furthermore, more knowledge is needed to understand how to tackle the inherent limitations of AM processes. Moreover, DfAM knowledge has thus far been developed mostly by authors in a small number of institutional and geographical clusters, potentially limiting diverse perspectives and synergies from international collaboration which are essential for global knowledge development, for improvement of the quality of DfAM research and for its wider dissemination. Originality/value A concise structure of DfAM knowledge areas upon which the bibliometric analysis was conducted has been developed. Furthermore, areas where research is concentrated and those that require further knowledge development are revealed.

The last few decades have seen rapid growth in additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. AM has implemented a novel method of production in design, manufacture, and delivery to end-users. Accordingly, AM technologies have given great flexibility in design for building complex components, highly customized products, effective waste minimization, high material variety, and sustainable products. This review paper addresses the evolution of engineering design to take advantage of the opportunities provided by AM and its applications. It discusses issues related to the design of cellular and support structures, build orientation, part consolidation and assembly, materials, part complexity, and product sustainability.

The concept of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) is gaining popularity along with AM, despite its scopes are not well established. In particular, in the last few years, DfAM methods have been intuitively subdivided into opportunistic and restrictive. This distinction is gaining traction despite a lack of formalization. In this context, the paper investigates experts' understanding of DfAM. In particular, the authors have targeted educators, as the perception of DfAM scopes in the future will likely depend on teachers' view. A bespoke survey has been launched, which has been answer by 100 worldwide-distributed respondents. The gathered data has undergone several analyses, markedly answers to open questions asking for individual definitions of DfAM, and evaluations of the pertinence of meanings and acceptations from the literature. The results show that the main DfAM aspects focused on by first standardization attempts have been targeted, especially products, processes, opportunities and constraints. Beyond opportunistic and restrictive nuances, DfAM different understandings are characterized by different extents of cognitive endeavor, convergence vs. divergence in the design process, theoretical vs. hands on approaches.

Additive manufacturing (AM) has gained prominence over the last 15 years and become a viable manufacturing option. Since there is great industrial interest to implement serial production of products using AM, the education of engineers in design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) is important today. DfAM extends on design for manufacturing to provide knowledge about the new design opportunities enabled by AM. A set of design heuristics for additive manufacturing (DHAM) to assist designers with conceptual-level DfAM has previously been proposed. In this paper, these DHAM are evaluated through workshops with 3 engineering companies and 19 engineers, in which the participants re-design existing company products for AM using the DHAM as an aid, and then give feedback. The DHAM are well received by the workshop participants, and they find that the DHAM are good for teaching others about the capabilities of AM, provide a checklist of items to consider to help avoid oversights, and encourage the generation of new ideas. Criticisms include the number of examples provided and the lack of information about how to implement the ideas concretely. It is also found that the DHAM fulfil 16 of 18 criteria for early design phase DfAM methods, identified in academic literature.

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have seen fast growth in the last few decades. AM needs the implementation of new methods in design, fabrication, and delivery to end-users. Hence, AM techniques have given great flexibility to designers as the design of complex components and highly customized products are no longer binding from a manufacturability point of view. In addition to high material variety, this allows multi-material and variable mechanical characteristics of product manufacturing. This review paper addresses the design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) rules, guidelines, and tools to guide the designer to take advantage of the opportunities provided by AM whether in the early design stages (EDS) or in the later phase using computer-aided design (CAD) tools. It discusses issues related to the design for AM and proposes a DfAM framework applied in the design for the additive manufacturing process.

The use of a Doubly Fed Asynchronous Machine (DFAM) provides attractive characteristics and offers operational flexibility in many variable speed generation applications, such as in a hydroelectric pumped storage plant. In a variable speed hydroelectric pumped storage plant, the start-up process of DFAM is identical to the conventional singly fed asynchronous machine, wherein a significant amount of energy is wasted. This paper introduces an energy-efficient start-up strategy in DFAM based hydroelectric pump-turbine. The back-to-back voltage source converter connected to the rotor side is amenable for speed control (real power), braking (regenerative/dynamic), and starting the unit. Further, in this starting technique, the stator circuit of the machine is injected with a low voltage DC supply at starting instead of short-circuiting the windings. This DC injection reduces the slip losses and cuts down the magnetizing current requirement. The magnitude of the required DC supply is estimated based on the machine’s reactive power requirement. Also, the switching of stator winding between the short circuit connection, DC injection, and grid supply is carried out using a changeover switch and determined by the speed of the rotor. The proposed starting strategy is investigated with 250 MW DFAM in Matlab/Simulink environment and experimented with a 2.2 kW DFAM prototype. Test results show that the proposed starting method can conserve more than 26.1 percent of electrical energy in the example application compared to the conventional V/f start-up strategy.

Purpose There are many investigations in design methodologies, but there are also divergences and convergences as there are so many points of view. This study aims to evaluate to corroborate and deepen other researchers’ findings, dissipate divergences and provide directing to future work on the subject from a methodological and convergent perspective. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes the previous reviews (about 15 reviews) and based on the consensus and the classifications provided by these authors, a significant sample of research is analyzed in the design for additive manufacturing (DFAM) theme (approximately 80 articles until June of 2017 and approximately 280–300 articles until February of 2019) through descriptive statistics, to corroborate and deepen the findings of other researchers. Findings Throughout this work, this paper found statistics indicating that the main areas studied are: multiple objective optimizations, execution of the design, general DFAM and DFAM for functional performance. Among the main conclusions: there is a lack of innovation in the products developed with the methodologies, there is a lack of exhaustivity in the methodologies, there are few efforts to include environmental aspects in the methodologies, many of the methods include economic and cost evaluation, but are not very explicit and broad (sustainability evaluation), it is necessary to consider a greater variety of functions, among other conclusions Originality/value The novelty in this study is the methodology. It is very objective, comprehensive and quantitative. The starting point is not the case studies nor the qualitative criteria, but the figures and quantities of methodologies. The main contribution of this review article is to guide future work on the subject from a methodological and convergent perspective and this article provides a broad database with articles containing information on many issues to make decisions: design methodology; optimization; processes, selection of parts and materials; cost and product management; mechanical, electrical and thermal properties; health and environmental impact, etc.

Brackets are the load-bearing components in a satellite. The current age of satellites comprises specific brackets that set out as a link between the bodies of the satellite, reflector parts, and feeder facilities mounted at its upper end. Brackets are used to carry loads of the satellite body frame, supporting elements, batteries, and electronic goods. The article explicates the various brackets used in satellites and aircrafts. The strength of the bracket is of utmost importance since it is an important load supporting member in several assemblies of aircraft and satellites. In addition to the mechanical strength, the weight of the bracket is a major concern as it adds to the total weight of the aircraft and satellite. Thus, weight savings of brackets can be of paramount importance and Additive Manufacturing (AM) is found as an overall solution to achieve the same. Hence, in addition to various brackets used in satellites, the article presents an exhaustive review of the processing of various advanced functional materials using various AM techniques to make high strength-to-weight ratio satellite brackets. The use of DFAM by various satellite manufacturers globally for optimizing the structure of the brackets resulting in a significant weight saving of the brackets is also presented in the article.

One often-cited benefit of using metal additive manufacturing (AM) is the possibility to design and produce complex geometries that suit the required function and performance of end-use parts. In this context, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is one suitable AM process. Due to accessibility issues and cost-reduction potentials, such ‘complex’ LPBF parts should utilise net-shape manufacturing with minimal use of post-process machining. The inherent surface roughness of LPBF could, however, impede part performance, especially from a structural perspective and in particular regarding fatigue. Engineers must therefore understand the influence of surface roughness on part performance and how to consider it during design. This paper presents a systematic literature review of research related to LPBF surface roughness. In general, research focuses on the relationship between surface roughness and LPBF build parameters, material properties, or post-processing. Research on design support on how to consider surface roughness during design for AM is however scarce. Future research on such supports is therefore important given the effects of surface roughness highlighted in other research fields.

The stages of this study, in which conformal cooling channels (CCCs) integrated mould core produced by LPBF (laser powder bed fusion) and CCC integrated mould core produced by SM (subtractive manufacturing), are used in a hybrid primary mould, consisting of design, numerical study, mould core production with AM (additive manufacturing) and SM, product production and mould testing with PI (plastic injection), instant thermal measurement with IRT (infrared thermography), and OM (optical microscope) examination. The findings of the transient simulation reveal that the additively manufactured CCC had a cooling time reduction of 234% when compared to the conventional straight-drilled CCC. In addition, the flow rate of the coolant in the mould core produced with AM increased approximately three times. Overall, the findings of the steady-state simulation show that the total cooling capacity of the AM-CCC arrangement is 5.9% higher than that of the traditional straight-drilled cooling channel (SM-CCC).