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"Deception"
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Deceit on the Road to War
InDeceit on the Road to War, John M. Schuessler examines how U.S. presidents have deceived the American public about fundamental decisions of war and peace. Deception has been deliberate, he suggests, as presidents have sought to shift blame for war onto others in some cases and oversell its benefits in others. Such deceit is a natural outgrowth of the democratic process, in Schuessler's view, because elected leaders have powerful incentives to maximize domestic support for war and retain considerable ability to manipulate domestic audiences. They can exploit information and propaganda advantages to frame issues in misleading ways, cherry-pick supporting evidence, suppress damaging revelations, and otherwise skew the public debate to their benefit. These tactics are particularly effective before the outbreak of war, when the information gap between leaders and the public is greatest.When resorting to deception, leaders take a calculated risk that the outcome of war will be favorable, expecting the public to adopt a forgiving attitude after victory is secured. The three cases featured in the book-Franklin Roosevelt and World War II, Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War, and George W. Bush and the Iraq War-test these claims. Schuessler concludes that democracies are not as constrained in their ability to go to war as we might believe and that deception cannot be ruled out in all cases as contrary to the national interest.
InDeceit on the Road to War, John M. Schuessler examines how U.S. presidents have deceived the American public about fundamental decisions of war and peace. Deception has been deliberate, he suggests, as presidents have sought to shift blame for war onto others in some cases and oversell its benefits in others. Such deceit is a natural outgrowth of the democratic process, in Schuessler's view, because elected leaders have powerful incentives to maximize domestic support for war and retain considerable ability to manipulate domestic audiences. They can exploit information and propaganda advantages to frame issues in misleading ways, cherry-pick supporting evidence, suppress damaging revelations, and otherwise skew the public debate to their benefit. These tactics are particularly effective before the outbreak of war, when the information gap between leaders and the public is greatest.
When resorting to deception, leaders take a calculated risk that the outcome of war will be favorable, expecting the public to adopt a forgiving attitude after victory is secured. The three cases featured in the book-Franklin Roosevelt and World War II, Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War, and George W. Bush and the Iraq War-test these claims. Schuessler concludes that democracies are not as constrained in their ability to go to war as we might believe and that deception cannot be ruled out in all cases as contrary to the national interest.
eBook
Deception
This volume explores the concept of deception from a multidisciplinary perspective, reflecting how deception is considered across numerous fields ranging from literature and historical cases to psychological science.
eBook
The (honest) truth about dishonesty : how we lie to everyone-especially ourselves
Dan Ariely delves deeper into the dark and murky recesses of contemporary psychology, daring to ask the big questions: What makes us cheat? How and why do we rationalise deception of ourselves and other people, and make ourselves 'wishfully blind' to the blindingly obvious? What affects our infuriatingly intangible willpower and how can we 'catch' the cheating bug from other bad apples? If you've ever wondered how a whole company can turn a blind eye to evident misdemeanours within their ranks, whether people are born dishonest and whether you can really be successful by being totally, brutally honest, then Dan has the answers, and many more.
Book
Dependencia Emocional, Autoengaño y Mitos del Amor Romántico: Negación Patológica en Relaciones de Pareja
RESUMEN Antecedentes/Objetivo: La dependencia emocional es un trastorno que suele pasar desapercibido debido a la creencia social de que no es patológico por su vinculación con la visión idealizada del amor. En este sentido, se diseñó un estudio con el objetivo de conocer la relación entre dependencia emocional, autoengaño y percepción de los mitos del amor romántico. Método: En este estudio participaron 262 personas (113 hombres y 149 mujeres) con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 59 años (M = 31.9, DT = 12.37) y con relación de pareja que respondieron a medidas de dependencia, autoengaño patológico (manipulación y mistificación) y mitos sobre el amor idealizado y maltratador. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva entre dependencia emocional, autoengaño y percepción de los mitos del amor romántico. También se han encontrado diferencias en dependencia emocional en función de la edad, pero no del género. Conclusiones: Se concluye que la dependencia emocional se vincula a una visión arquetípica del amor y cursa con mecanismos de autoengaño.
Journal Article
Useful delusions : the power and paradox of the self-deceiving brain
\"From the New York Times-bestselling author and host of NPR's Hidden Brain comes a thought-provoking exploration of deception's role in human success. Everyone agrees that lies and self-deception can do terrible harm to our lives, to our communities, and to the planet. But in Useful Delusions, host of NPR's Hidden Brain Shankar Vedantam argues that, paradoxically, deceiving ourselves and others can also play a vital role in human success and well-being. The lies we tell each other and the lies that we tell ourselves sustain our daily interactions with friends, lovers, and coworkers. They explain why some people live longer than others, why some couples remain in love and others don't, why some nations and tribes hold together while others splinter. Filled with powerful personal stories and drawing on new insights in psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy, Useful Delusions offers a fascinating tour of an upside-down world\"-- Provided by publisher.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Deepfake Detection Methods: Approaches, Challenges and Future Prospects
Advances in technology have made deepfake forgeries easier, posing serious ethical and security risks that highlight the urgent need for better detection methods. This paper provides a comprehensive discussion of various Deepfake detection approaches, including methods based on physical attributes and visual inconsistencies, data-driven techniques (such as spatial and frequency domain detection methods), and those using generative models. Based on the classification and introduction of representative methods, the paper further compares their performance across different datasets, revealing that while current methods can detect deepfake to some extent, they generally suffer from poor generalization and accuracy when dealing with different types of forgeries or low-quality data. In conclusion, this study offers insights into the development of future deepfake detection technologies, emphasizing the importance of combining multiple approaches and improving model generalization to address increasingly complex forgery scenarios. It can serve as a valuable reference for researchers looking to understand the advancements in this field.
Conference Proceeding
La Polémique D'une Écriture au Féminin: La Construction de L'identité Féminine dans les Œuvres Littéraires des Écrivaines Francophones de l'Afrique Subsaharienne
Qu'est-ce qu'une ecriture feminine ? Existe-t-il une ecriture specifiquement feminine ? (l'écriture a-t-elle un sexe ?) Peut-on parler d'une ecriture africaine veritablement feminine ? Ce probleme du rapport entre les sexes et une forme particuliere d'ecriture est l'une des questions controversees ayant trait aux ecrits des femmes. De ce fait, les ecrivains et critiques ont du mal a etablir des frontieres hermetiques entre ecriture feminine et ecriture masculine. Ainsi, les efforts pour trouver aux ecrits des femmes une particularite ou des traits distinctifs se sont souvent soldes par une deception. Heureusement, depuis quelques decennies, les recherches entreprises par certaines grandes theoriciennes du courant de l'ecriture feminine ont permis de degager quelques specificites. D'ailleurs, des critiques litteraires ont prouve l'existence d'une « ecriture feminine » dans leurs ecrits, ces femmes ont montre et demontre l'existence d'une « ecriture feminine » differente de l'ecriture qui a été privilegiee au sein de la tradition occidentale. Elles rejettent l'idee de l'ecriture comme exercice purement mental. Comme on peut le remarquer, ecrire au feminin deborde largement la question du theme aborde par son auteure pour prendre en compte tout le processus d'ecriture.
Journal Article