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Comparative Study of Architecture of the Great Mosque at Samarra, Iraq and Ibn Tulun Mosque at Cairo, Egypt
Ever since the emergence of Islam, mosque has always been the most dominant feature in any Islamic built environment. Over the course of time, mosque architecture has gone through a process of various forms of uses and expressions in terms of its transformation. Its style, layout, building form, type of ornamentation used, building materials and construction technology usually provide vital information not only about the practice of Islam in general but also about the timeline, prevailing geopolitical environment, religious conviction, purpose, need and the region in which the mosque was built. This research paper emphasizes the study of the general characteristics of the two earliest examples of mosques in Islamic architecture through extensive literature review. It also highlights the historical and geopolitical context, built form, size, shape, configuration, color, texture, materials used, scale and type of decorative elements of the two most outstanding and heavily restored mosques to date.
Journal Article
The Quiet Authors of an Early Modern Palatial Landscape
This chapter presents a case study of Het Loo, the palace built in the Dutch province of Gelderland by stadholder William III, and extended a few years later when the prince also acquired the crown of England. This late 17th-century palatial landscape was extensively renovated in the 19th century (by Louis Napoleon Bonaparte) and in the 20th century (by Queen Wilhelmina). The initial building and the subsequent rebuilding phases - the moments of structural change - have hitherto received scholarly attention; the supposedly uneventful 18th century on the contrary has not. It is the aim of this chapter to demonstrate, by means of the biographical approach, that a change of the palatial landscape also occurred during the 18th century, albeit not structurally. Both natural processes (the steady growth of the trees in the garden, a harsh winter) and individual authors (the little known protagonists who inhabited or administered the allegedly 'frozen' palace site) were involved in the transformation of the site. The other 'quiet authors' distinguished here are the contemporary visitors to the palace who recorded what they saw and whose travel diaries, letters and autobiographies are the historical sources which enable a recounting of a somewhat forgotten era of Het Loo.
Book Chapter
The design of lighting
\"This fully updated edition of the successful book The Design of Lighting, provides the lighting knowledge needed by the architect in practice, the interior designer and students of both disciplines. The new edition offers a clear structure, carefully selected material and linking of lighting with other subjects, in order to provide the reader with a comprehensive and specifically architectural approach to lighting. Features of this new edition include: technical knowledge of lighting in the context of architectural design; an emphasis on imagination in architectural light and presentation of the tools necessary in practice for creative design; additional chapters on the behaviour of light and on the context of design; a strong emphasis on sustainable design and energy saving, with data and examples; analyses of actual lighting schemes and references to current standards and design guides; an up-to-date review of lamp and lighting technology, with recommendations on the choice of equipment; a revision of the calculation section, with examples and step-by-step instructions, based on recent student feedback about the book\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Trustees’ Office Staircase at Pleasant Hill
The Trustees’ Office staircase at Pleasant Hill is the final outcome of an evolution unique to the setting of Pleasant Hill’s architecture: the quest, step by step, of verticality. The Meeting House, built in 1820, is exclusively horizontal, underlined by three rows of surrounding peg lines. In the earlier dwellings constructed from 1817 onward, there is little opening between the straight flights of the symmetrical stairs, leaving barely enough space for the hand to move unobstructed on the handrail, and one has to walk all the way upstairs to discover a skylight. This will change with the Center Family dwelling
Book Chapter
The Trustees’ Office Staircase at Pleasant Hill
The Trustees’ Office staircase at Pleasant Hill is the final outcome of an evolution unique to the setting of Pleasant Hill’s architecture: the quest, step by step, of verticality. The Meeting House, built in 1820, is exclusively horizontal, underlined by three rows of surrounding peg lines. In the earlier dwellings constructed from 1817 onward, there is little opening between the straight flights of the symmetrical stairs, leaving barely enough space for the hand to move unobstructed on the handrail, and one has to walk all the way upstairs to discover a skylight. This will change with the Center Family dwelling
Book Chapter