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From ethnic conflict to stillborn reform : the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia
From Ethnic Conflict to Stillborn Reform is the first complete treatment of the major post-communist conflicts in both the former Yugoslavia— Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia—and the former Soviet Union—Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova, and Tajikistan. It is also the first work that focuses not on causes but rather on consequences for democratization and market reform, the two most widely studied political outcomes in the developing world.
Building on existing work emphasizing the effects of economic development and political culture, the book adds a new, comprehensive treatment of how war affects political and economic reform.
Author Shale Horowitz employs both statistical evidence and historical case studies of the eight new nations to determine that ethnic conflict entangles, distracts, and destabilizes reformist democratic governments, while making it easier for authoritarian leaders to seize and consolidate power. As expected, economic backwardness worsens these tendencies, but Horowitz finds that powerful reform-minded nationalist ideologies can function as antidotes.
The comprehensiveness of the treatment, use of both qualitative and quantitative analysis, and focus on standard concepts from comparative politics make this book an excellent tool for classroom use, as well as a ground-breaking analysis for scholars.
eBook
THE PROSPECTS OF FOOD SOVEREIGNTY IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLICS
The neoliberal approach taken to the transition from socialism to capitalism in the six former Yugoslav republics has revealed its weaknesses in all spheres of economic activities, including food production. These countries have lost sovereignty with respect to regulating important national policy areas like food trade and production. Liberalisation of the food trade has adversely affected national economies by destroying many small-scale farmers and food producers. Corporate supermarkets have been taking over an ever bigger slice of the retail pie. Social movements are calling for direct democratic control over resources and food production to be regained. The article examines the prospects of these countries to overcome the increasing food insecurity by introducing food sovereignty. Keywords: former Yugoslav republics, food sovereignty, food security, right to food, economic democracy, trade liberalisation
Journal Article
Not all elections should be American-style
The validity of any exit poll relies absolutely on the willingness of voters to tell a stranger how they voted. In Macedonia, violence, intimidation, and extreme nationalist rhetoric plagued the preelection environment. In the last three weeks before election day, two policemen were murdered, opposition supporters were blocked from entering the capital of Skopje, and party rallies had to be canceled for fear of violence. The interior minister publicly threatened to arrest the leader of the most popular ethnic Albanian party, and many politicians and voters expressed fears about special security forces and paramilitaries. This unfortunate exit poll exercise was unnecessary and detracted from other, more legitimate efforts. A nonpartisan Macedonian election monitoring group, Citizens Organization MOST, conducted its own \"parallel vote tabulation\" based on statistically drawn samples of actual results and reported these findings for all six districts. Their data provide a genuine basis by which to assess the credibility of the official count. Nevertheless, these valid data were initially ignored because an American group provided the first numbers, albeit inaccurate and meaningless ones, to the media.
Newspaper Article
Election Takes Macedonia Another Step Toward Democracy
President Kiro Gligorov, 82, who steered Macedonia to independence from Belgrade in 1991, avoided bloodshed and kept his fragile state together despite its volatile mix of Slavs and Albanians and its historic frictions with neighbors, will leave office this week. ''The important thing is that there is no vacuum of power without a president, and that a new president is elected democratically,'' Mr. Gligorov told reporters after casting his ballot. Badly scarred in an assassination attempt four years ago, President Gligorov has played an increasingly distant role in the last few years. Several hours after polling stations closed, Mr. Trajkovski's party claimed victory, but Mr. [Tito] Petkovski's camp did not accept defeat. The final count was expected overnight. The votes of Macedonia's sizable Albanian minority -- between a quarter and a third of the total population -- were expected to play an important role in a vote overshadowed by calls for a boycott from some first-round losers. Mr. Trajkovski, unusually a Methodist member of the heavily Orthodox Slav majority, was expected to attract most of the Albanian vote.
Newspaper Article