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The logic and limits of political reform in China
\"In the 1990s China embarked on a series of political reforms intended to increase, however modestly, political participation to reduce the abuse of power by local officials. Although there was initial progress, these reforms have largely stalled and, in many cases, gone backward. If there were sufficient incentives to inaugurate reform, why wasn,Ŵt there enough momentum to continue and deepen them? This book approaches this question by looking at a number of promising reforms, understanding the incentives of officials at different levels, and the way the Chinese Communist Party operates at the local level. The short answer is that the sort of reforms necessary to make local officials more responsible to the citizens they govern cut too deeply into the organizational structure of the party\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Logic and Limits of Political Reform in China
In the 1990s China embarked on a series of political reforms intended to increase, however modestly, political participation to reduce the abuse of power by local officials. Although there was initial progress, these reforms have largely stalled and, in many cases, gone backward. If there were sufficient incentives to inaugurate reform, why wasn't there enough momentum to continue and deepen them? This book approaches this question by looking at a number of promising reforms, understanding the incentives of officials at different levels, and the way the Chinese Communist Party operates at the local level. The short answer is that the sort of reforms necessary to make local officials more responsible to the citizens they govern cut too deeply into the organizational structure of the party.
eBook
China tomorrow : democracy or dictatorship?
\"This book makes a compelling case for the continuing strength of China's one-party system, showing that most Chinese, influenced by China's traditional culture and even more so by the regime's Soviet ideology, institutions, and modus operandi, are choosing security, stability, and prosperity over democracy\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Hong Kong in the Shadow of China
A close-up look at the struggle for democracy in Hong Kong.Hong Kong in the Shadow of Chinais a reflection on the recent political turmoil in Hong Kong during which the Chinese government insisted on gradual movement toward electoral democracy and hundreds of thousands of protesters occupied major thoroughfares to push for full democracy now. Fueling this struggle is deep public resentment over growing inequality and how the political system-established by China and dominated by the local business community-reinforces the divide been those who have profited immensely and those who struggle for basics such as housing.Richard Bush, director of the Brookings Institution's Center on East Asia Policy Studies, takes us inside the demonstrations and the demands of the demonstrators and then pulls back to critically explore what Hong Kong and China must do to ensure both economic competitiveness and good governance and the implications of Hong Kong developments for United States policy.
eBook
China's Economic Development and Democratization
China's Economic Development and Democratization examines China's transformation from an institutional perspective. It proposes an analytical framework comprising six macro institutional environments: international, ideological, political, economic, constitutional, and civil-social, to analyze the Chinese transition. Through an institutional analysis of the ruling elite’s policy institutionalization, it tries to answer three main questions: Will China’s economic reforms lead to a meaningful political reform? Will economic freedom lead to political freedom? Will economic development lead to political democratization? The major findings from the institutional analysis of the dynamic interactions between political actors and institutions suggest that China is moving closer towards democracy. Students and scholars who are studying or conducting researches on the Chinese economy, society or politics will find this book of particular interest.
Contents: Part I: Understanding the Chinese Transition: Introduction; Towards an institutional analytic framework. Part II: Transition From Mao Zedong To Deng Xiaoping: Legacies of Mao Zedong: constraints and opportunities; Transformation of the ideological environment and Deng Xiaoping's rise. Part III: Policy Institutionalization In The Post-Mao Era: Institutionalization of agricultural reform and open-door policy; Restoration of private enterprises and property rights. Part IV: Changes in the Mass Public Orientations: Mass public orientations and implications for policy institutionalization. Part V: Prospects For A Democratic Transition: Conclusion; Bibliography; Documents and reports; Index.
Yanlai Wang is an Associate Researcher for the Euro-Asia Center at the University of Limerick, Ireland.
eBook
Political culture and participation in urban China
\"This book discusses one of the most noticeable and significant transformations in China over the past three decades is the rapid and massive urbanization of the country, which has brought shifts in political culture of Chinese urbanites. This book is a systematic and empirical study of political culture in urban China. The book covers various aspects of political culture such as political regime support, political interest, democratic values, political trust, and environmental attitudes and sub-political culture of Chinese urban Christians. This book will be of immense value to urban scholars, sinologists, and those wishing to get a closer look at the issues that affect the political future of a rising world power.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The failure of China's \democratic\ reforms
In its propaganda, the Chinese Communist Party does not deny the value of “democracy”, but it insists that democracy in China can be only “socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics”. The most essential nature of such “democracy” is that it is under the single-party system and it excludes multi-party politics and competitive elections. In recent years, “Chinese democracy” has won more support because of achievements the party has made in developing economy. This raises a question: does this “efficient” authoritarian political system in China, even if it is not democratic, deserve applause because it can facilitate economic development? The party also insists that it is “democratic”. But, is the party's theory of “democracy” compatible with western democracy? Since 1998, the party has organized some political reforms, such as “direct elections” for township executives, “direct elections” for township party secretaries, township party congress reform and “deliberative democracy” experiments, while maintaining single-party politics. In the party's propaganda, some of these reforms have become party achievements in improving “socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics”. In addition to these four kinds of party-organized reforms, another “reform” originated from the grassroots, the participation of independent candidates in a few local people's congress elections. This book examines these five local political reforms. It demonstrates that the four reforms instigated and organized by the party were tightly controlled and manipulated by the party. Although some reform measures may possibly liberalize parts of China's political mechanism, it is highly unlikely that the four reforms will eventually lead to political democratization in China. In the fifth “reform”, which was motivated from outside the bureaucratic system, the party took drastic measures to repress the political participation of grassroots power. As a result, nearly all independent candidates in the local people's congress elections failed in their attempts to gain office. The prospects for this “reform” are also poor. The book argues that all five reforms have failed and that none will lead to China’s democratization in the near future. The book concludes that the party’s authoritarian regime in China is by nature anti-democratic and that so-called “socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics” is not democratic.
eBook
Hong Kong's indigenous democracy : origins, evolution and contentions
This book argues that Hong Kong has a unique system of democracy, and implies that the previous studies in comparative politics have focused excessively on the procedural aspects of democratization. The case of Hong Kong demonstrates that, substantively speaking, it is already a democracy with home grown characteristics, including the rule of law, judicial independence, a strong civil society, horizontal accountability, the complexities of using a civil disobedience movement in pushing for democratization, and the gradual progress in democratizing the election methods for the Chief Executive. The study of democratization in other parts of the world can perhaps focus on liberalization, the building up of the rule of law and judicial independence, and the utilization of social and political movements to exert pressure on the government to democratize the political system. This book is a unique contribution to the study of democratization in Hong Kong, with chapters including the legal tradition in Hong Kong, the features of Hong Kong's indigenous democracy, the 2014 Umbrella Movement, and the evolution of the Chief Executive election. Academics, journalists, government officials and students of comparative democratization and Chinese studies will all find this book useful.
eBook