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"Demosthenes"
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The Oxford handbook of Demosthenes
The volume's thirty-five chapters are authored by experts in the field and offer both comprehensive coverage and an up-to-date reference point for the issues and problems encountered when approaching the speeches in particular: they not only showcase how Demosthenes' rhetoric was profoundly influenced by Athenian reality, but also explore its reception from Demosthenes' own day right up until the present and how his presentation of his world has subsequently shaped our view of it. The wide range of expertise and the different scholarly traditions represented are a vivid demonstration of the richness and diversity of current Demosthenic studies and the contribution the volume makes to enriching our knowledge of the life and work of one of the most prominent figures of ancient Greece will be of significance to a wide readership interested in Athenian history, society, rhetoric, politics, and law.
Dreams in Plutarch’s Lives of Alcibiades and Demosthenes
2023
This article argues that the ante mortem dreams of Alcibiades and Demosthenes articulate key themes of moral doubt in Plutarch’s biography of each man. Alcibiades’ dream of being dressed as a courtesan alludes to his uneasy stance between masculine and feminine postures; Demosthenes’ dream of himself as a failed tragic actor draws upon his lifelong concern with performance and insincerity. In these two Lives, Plutarch deploys the ambiguity and uncertainty of dreams to pose an interpretive problem for the reader which can never fully be resolved, particularly appropriate to these unpredictable and untrustworthy men.
Journal Article
Paul among the Fluent in Corinth
2022
This article foregrounds the importance of Paul’s letters for studying the experiences and perceptions of persons who stutter in antiquity. It analyzes Paul’s speech alongside the biographies of two other historical figures from antiquity who suffered from speech dysfluency: the great Athenian orator, Demosthenes, and the emperor Claudius. Accounts of Demosthenes’, Claudius’, and Paul’s speech inconsistencies, silences, incomprehensible utterances, oratory weaknesses—and their critics’ accusations that they suffered from madness—are interpreted in light of research on adults who stutter in the contemporary context, as well as studies on listener experiences and stereotypes. In introducing Paul into the study of ancient dysfluency, the article revisits Paul’s conflict with rival teachers in Corinth as it is in responding to these critics’ accusations that Paul is most revealing of his own dysfluency.
Journal Article
Intransigence and Compromise in Atheno-Theban Diplomacy in the early 360s
2024
The parties to the Common Peace of 366/5 BC, its terms and even its existence, have been much disputed among scholars. The paper explains how Thebes, Persia and Athens were all under strong pressure to make this Peace. It argues that Thebes and Persia made an initial concession in 367 regarding the Thracian Chersonese which then had to be extended to cover Amphipolis to achieve tripartite consensus. It advances a new timetable for the year 366, showing how the powers adjusted their positions in a flexible and creative way, even though, once made, the Peace immediately ran into difficulties.
Journal Article
Mass and Elite in Democratic Athens
2009
This book asks an important question often ignored by ancient historians and political scientists alike: Why did Athenian democracy work as well and for as long as it did? Josiah Ober seeks the answer by analyzing the sociology of Athenian politics and the nature of communication between elite and nonelite citizens. After a preliminary survey of the development of the Athenian \"constitution,\" he focuses on the role of political and legal rhetoric. As jurymen and Assemblymen, the citizen masses of Athens retained important powers, and elite Athenian politicians and litigants needed to address these large bodies of ordinary citizens in terms understandable and acceptable to the audience. This book probes the social strategies behind the rhetorical tactics employed by elite speakers.
A close reading of the speeches exposes both egalitarian and elitist elements in Athenian popular ideology. Ober demonstrates that the vocabulary of public speech constituted a democratic discourse that allowed the Athenians to resolve contradictions between the ideal of political equality and the reality of social inequality. His radical reevaluation of leadership and political power in classical Athens restores key elements of the social and ideological context of the first western democracy.
HERODOTUS 1.66 AND DEMOSTHENES 19.231: THE CASE AGAINST ΕΥΘΗΝΕΟΜΑΙ / ΕΥΘΕΝΕΟΜΑΙ
2020
In Demosthenes’ speech On the False Embassy (Oration 19), we read an obelized infinitive at §231, †εὐθενεῖσθαι†, ‘to be flourishing’, in an imaginary dialogue designed to captivate and persuade the judges through its striking antitheses and dramatic tone:
— τί οὖν μετὰ ταῦτα;
Journal Article
THE LATE ARRIVAL OF THE LONG \THIRD PHILIPPIC\: 9th Century Contamination in the \Philippics\
2021
This paper presents and analyzes the distribution of the variants in the early manuscripts (commonly designated A, S, F, and Y) of Demosthenes' Philippics and shows that the state of the text they offer reflects the \"general pretraditional contamination\" as theorized by Giorgio Pasquali. There is, however, also clear evidence of specific contamination. It is shown that Y is influenced by an A-related source up to and including Dem. 8, that A is influenced by an FY-related source in Dem. 8, and that the so-called long version of Dem. 9 must have entered the corpus tradition not long before the large early Byzantine manuscripts were written. This incipient Byzantine manuscript interaction prefigures the formation of the later, equally generally contaminated Demosthenic text pool.
Journal Article
NAMING THE PLAGUE IN HOMER, SOPHOCLES, AND THUCYDIDES
2019
This article focuses on the language used to describe the plague, and more specifically on the oscillation of its vocabulary between literal and figurative meaning, in Homer’s Iliad (1.1–487), Sophocles’Oedipus the King (1–215), and Thucydides’History of the Peloponnesian War (esp. 2.47.3–2.54). It is argued that the plague spreads in the language of the three narratives by association or contiguity, exploiting existing links with related words, most notably the broader vocabulary of disease and calamity, but it also spreads by analogy, comparison, or similarity, establishing links with other domains such as famine, blight, war and destruction.
Journal Article