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"Design and technology"
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Biomimicry for designers : applying nature's processes and materials in the real world
The importance of biomimetics - imitating life's natural processes - has been known for years and designers have often looked to nature for formal solutions. The natural world contains infinite examples of how to achieve complex behaviours and applications by using simple materials in a clever way, as all organisms make use of limited raw materials to survive. In the popular imagination, the best-known example is the microscopic 'hook' on burrs that led to the development of Velcro, but there are many more applications, from kingfisher beaks inspiring the shape of bullet trains to shark skin being used as a model for advanced swimsuits. This book presents many examples, showing each natural phenomenon alongside its application, with an accessible explanation of the biology and the story of the design. While most are concrete examples that have already been developed, others point the way to what might be possible for an enterprising designer, providing a starting point for creativity. This timely overview is the perfect introduction for designers of all disciplines, and a reminder that inspiration may be just down the garden path.
Book
Seasoned scholars’ perspectives on the core competencies, programs, research, and future directions of the field of instructional design and technology
Professional organizations and researchers in the field of instructional design and technology (IDT) have attempted to identify the competencies that IDT professionals should possess using a variety of methods, including a job announcement analysis, surveys, and interviews. While most of the previous studies identified the IDT competences based on practitioners’ perspectives or the content of job announcements or program websites, this study examined leading scholars’ perspectives on the IDT competencies, curriculum, research, and the current state and the future directions of the IDT field. Qualitative data were collected from semi-structured interviews with 21 scholars from 16 US universities who had considerable teaching experience in the IDT field. The results revealed ways to improve the IDT curriculum in addition to six core competencies for IDT professionals. Further, five themes related to research in the IDT field were identified, and seven themes related to the future directions of the field were identified. The results of the study provide faculty, researchers, and practitioners in the IDT field with unique insights on how to improve IDT programs to better prepare students for the future in this rapidly changing world.
Journal Article
Biomimetics for Designers
Biomimetics imitating lifes natural processes is one of the hottest areas of design research and inspiration. The natural world contains infinite examples of how to achieve complex behaviours and applications by using simple materials in a clever way, as all organisms make use of limited raw materials to survive. In the popular imagination, the best-known example is the microscopic hook on burrs that led to the development of Velcro, but there are many more applications, from kingfisher beaks inspiring the shape of bullet trains to shark skin being used as a model for advanced swimsuits.This book presents many examples, showing each natural phenomenon alongside its application, with an accessible explanation of the biology and the story of the design. While most are concrete examples that have already been developed, others point the way to what might be possible for an enterprising designer, providing a starting point for creativity. This timely overview is the perfect introduction for designers of all disciplines, and a reminder that inspiration may be just down the garden path.
eBook
Bio matter techno synthetics : design futures for the more than human
\"The twenty-three papers and five editorials collected in this volume speak to subjects of bio-design, speculative biology, green walls and pavers, design by decay, soilless soil, sentient materials, photogrammetrees, robotics, nanotechnology, thermal architecture and alliesthesia, digital weaving, chemical droplets, and even Frankenstein. More broadly, ideas and questions that animate the two dozen articles collected in B/M/T/S are grounded in the production and representation of emergent ecologies, non-human agency, machine learning, and responsive computation.\" --publisher.
BOOK
The need to consider the predictive capacity of intelligence and its malleability within design and technology education research
General intelligence is a fundamental human capacity with significant educational implications. However, it is often not considered in educational research despite substantial evidence illustrating its association with positive life outcomes and student’s capacity to learn. There are a number of potential reasons for this including the controversial history of the use of intelligence tests, validity concerns, counter-moral implications associated with equality, lack of related training, and discipline research priorities. Design and technology (D&T) education however presents a subject area where consideration of student’s intelligence appears particularly important. The focus on design provides students with regular variation learning contexts, with a similar phenomenon occurring through the subject areas focus on technology as a result of constant cultural and societal technological advances. However, intelligence is rarely considered within D&T education research. Therefore, this article puts forward an argument and rationale as to why D&T researchers need to give more consideration to the predictive value of general intelligence and its malleability in pertinent research and discusses some implications for intelligence in practice.
Journal Article
An assessment of the transparency of contemporary technology education research employing interview-based methodologies
A high level of transparency in reported research is critical for several reasons, such as ensuring an acceptable level of trustworthiness and enabling replication. Transparency in qualitative research permits the identification of specific circumstances which are associated with findings and observations. Thus, transparency is important for the repeatability of original studies and for explorations of the transferability of original findings. There has been no investigation into levels of transparency in reported technology education research to date. With a position that increasing transparency would be beneficial, this article presents an analysis of levels of transparency in contemporary technology education research studies which employed interviews within their methodologies, and which were published within the International Journal of Technology and Design Education and Design and Technology Education: An International Journal (n = 38). The results indicate room for improvement, especially in terms of documenting researcher positionality, determinations of data saturation, and how power imbalances were managed. A discussion is presented on why it is important to improve levels of transparency in reported studies, and a guide on areas to make transparent is presented for qualitative and quantitative research.
Journal Article
Virtual and Augmented Reality for Architecture and Design
Virtual Reality (VR) is the paradigm wherein people use a computer to interact with something which is not real but provides a real-life experience. It is one of the most advanced interfaces between users and computers, where people can interact with a virtual model in real-time allowing them to visualize and manipulate representations of the real world. Together with Augmented Reality (AR), which adds layers of information to the real environment, VR is a powerful tool for designers and architects in the development of new responsive products, systems and built environments, that meets user's needs. VR and AR are tools that enhance design and architecture students' comprehension about complex and abstract concepts.
Informative and accessible, this publication presents, analyses, and discusses the integration and use of Virtual and Augmented Reality within the process of planning, development and research for Design and Architecture. The book also presents case studies with multidisciplinary collaborative work.
This book is meant for practitioners and academics alike, as it examines specific aspects related to the use of new technologies in the field of Architecture and Design, highlighting its application in areas such as education, heritage, research, and methodologies, bridging the gap between Architectural and Design abstraction and human requirements through technology.
This book is meant for practitioners and academics alike, as it examines specific aspects related to the use of new technologies in the field of Architecture and Design, highlighting its application in areas such as education, heritage, research, and methodologies.
eBook