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"Developing Countries -- Asia"
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As the world ages : rethinking a demographic crisis
People are living longer, not only in wealthy countries but in developing nations. Western experts have long conceived of aging as a universal predicament--one that supposedly provokes the same welfare concerns in every context. In the twenty-first century, we must embrace a new approach that prioritizes local agendas and values. In this history of how gerontologists, doctors, social scientists, and activists came to define the issue of global aging, Sivaramakrishnan shows that the United Nations, private NGOs, and transnational philanthropic foundations embraced programs that reflected prevailing Western ideas about modernization. The dominant paradigm often assumed that, because large-scale growth of an aging population happened first in the West, developing societies will experience the issues of aging in the same ways and on the same terms as their Western counterparts. Focusing on South Asia and Africa, As the World Ages shows how regional voices have begun to question this one-size-fits-all model and have argued instead for an approach that responds to local needs and concerns.-- Provided by publisher
Book
Transforming Health Markets in Asia and Africa
There has been a dramatic spread of health markets in much of Asia and Africa over the past couple of decades. This has substantially increased the availability of health-related goods and services in all but the most remote localities, but it has created problems with safety, efficiency and cost. The effort to bring order to these chaotic markets is almost certain to become one of the greatest challenges in global health. This book documents the problems associated with unregulated health markets and presents innovative approaches that have emerged to address them. It outlines a framework that researchers, policy makers and social entrepreneurs can use to analyse health market systems and assess the likely outcome of alternative interventions. The book presents a new way of understanding highly marketised health systems, applies this understanding to an analysis of health markets in countries across Asia and Africa and identifies some of the major new developments for making these markets perform better in meeting the needs of the poor. It argues that it is time to move beyond ideological debates about the roles of public and private sectors in an ideal health system and focus more on understanding the operation of these markets and developing practical strategies for improving their performance. This book is ideal reading for researchers and students in public health, development studies, public policy and administration, health economics, medical anthropology, and science and technology studies. It is also a valuable resource for policy makers, social entrepreneurs, and planners and managers in public and private sector health systems, including pharmaceutical companies, aid agencies, NGOs and international organisations.
eBook
Reclaiming the nation : the return of the national question in Africa, Asia and Latin America
\"This book compares the trajectories of states and societies in Africa, Asia and Latin America under neoliberalism, a time marked by serial economic crises, escalating social conflicts, the re-militarisation of North-South relations and the radicalisation of social and national forces\"--P. [4] of cover.
Book
HIV and AIDS in South Asia
'HIV and AIDS in South Asia: An Economic Development Risk' offers an original perspective on HIV and AIDS as major development issues for the region. Although the impact of HIV and AIDS on economic growth appears to be very small, three risks to development are associated with HIV and AIDS in South Asia: the risk of escalating concentrated epidemics, the economic welfare costs, and the fiscal costs of scaling up treatment. As the authors show, South Asian countries have relatively low estimated national HIV prevalence rates, but prevalence is growing rapidly among vulnerable groups at high risk, such as sex workers and their clients, men having sex with men, and injecting drug users and their partners. The cost benefits of targeted prevention programs are high, and the financing of prevention measures such as comprehensive harm reduction and condom use is a sound economic investment in low-prevalence countries with concentrated epidemics. Interventions that reduce the risks and stigma associated with HIV and AIDS have benefits beyond the cost of lives saved; they improve the welfare of those who are at risk and those who fear contracting HIV. Treatment for AIDS in South Asia is limited at present, with weak health systems contributing to low access to and use of services. The challenges of a comprehensive scaling up of antiretroviral treatment are substantial, underscoring the crucial role of effective prevention today. The authors conclude that the limited ability of many households to pay 'catastrophic' health expenses associated with treatment, as well as the negative consequences associated with poor adherence to treatment, suggest a large and central role for the public sector in the provision of antiretroviral therapy. 'HIV and AIDS in South Asia: An Economic Development Risk' will be of particular value to readers with interests in the areas of economic policy, microfinance, public health, and epidemiology.
eBook
The future of South-South economic relations
In recent years, it has become apparent that South-South economic relations are increasing, and will continue to do so. There will be more trade agreements and more trade, more economic alliances and more political alliances with economic goals, more investment flows and an increasing acknowledgement that the Global South has more to offer than it has in the past. These new economic relations have great potential, both for harm and for good. In the absence of directed policies and intentional actors, imbalances of power and growing gaps in development will persist. With the right policies in place, however, these relationships could forge a new global order with greater economic and political equality. Covering a wide range of topics, including regional trade integration in Africa, the environmental impact of increased South-South trade, the changing patterns of South-South investment, and the effect of conflict on trade in South Asia, this ground-breaking volume presents an analysis of South-South economic relations, and how they might impact and be impacted by the rest of the world
eBook
THE EFFECT OF DEMOGRAPHY ON INFLATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES OF ASIA: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
The United Nations (2022b) predicts that between 2022 and 2050, the share of the elderly population (65 and above) in the Asian region will double. An aging society would create macroeconomic challenges, and several studies, mainly for developed countries, have negatively linked aging with inflation. Given the absence of research in developing countries, especially Asian countries, we attempt to estimate the impact of demography on inflation in Asian developing countries between 1995 and 2019. Our results indicate that the young (0-14) and old populations (70 and above) are deflationary, while working-age populations and very young retirees (65-69) are inflationary. Our findings favor the political economy hypothesis, i.e., age groups influence inflation based on preference. The findings are robust to adding several macroeconomic controls. Our results suggest that the central bank should follow stringent inflation targeting to mitigate the adverse effects of inflation on economic growth and aging.
Journal Article
The remittance inflows - private investment nexus in Asian developing countries: does institutional quality matter?
The literature illustrates that remittance inflows boostprivate investment in developing countries. Does it hold for the case of Asian developing countries? Does institutional quality significantly contribute to the remittance inflows - private investment nexus in these countries? We look for answers by studying the influences of institutional quality, remittance inflows, and interaction on the investment of the private sector for a dataset of 25 developing economies in Asia between 2002 and 2020. It employs the twostep difference GMM estimator and the defactored instrumental variables estimator to estimate and test the robustness. The results seem counter-intuitive that remittance inflows crowd in private investment, while institutional quality crowds out it, but their interaction boosts it. Besides, trade openness and economic growth increase, but inflation decreases private investment. The paper provides some policy lessons for developing countries in Asia in improving institutional structure to get more remittances and stimulate private investment.
Journal Article