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How do I do that in Photoshop? : the quickest ways to do the things you want to do, right now!
Offers a guide to Adobe Photoshop intended to allow users to find and use the features they are interested in quickly.
Book
Handbook of Medical Image Processing and Analysis (2nd Edition)
This is a comprehensive compilation of concepts and techniques used for processing and analyzing medical images after they have been generated or digitized. The handbook is organized into six parts that relate to the main functions: Enhancement, Segmentation, Quantification, Registration, Visualization, and Compression, Storage and Communication. This Second Edition is extensively revised and updated throughout, reflecting new technology and research, and includes new chapters on: Higher order statistics for tissue segmentation; tumor growth modeling in oncological image analysis; analysis of cell nuclear features in fluorescence microscopy images; imaging and communication in medical and public health informatics; and dynamic mammogram retrieval from web-based image libraries. The handbook has been extensively revised and updated throughout, reflecting new technology and research, and includes new chapters on: Higher order statistics for tissue segmentation; tumor growth modeling in oncological image analysis; analysis of cell nuclear features in fluorescence microscopy images; imaging and communication in medical and public health informatics; and dynamic mammogram retrieval from web-based image libraries.
eBook
Digital Single-Image Smartphone Assessment of Total Body Fat and Abdominal Fat Using Machine Learning
Background: Obesity is chronic health problem. Screening for the obesity phenotype is limited by the availability of practical methods. Methods: We determined the reproducibility and accuracy of an automated machine-learning method using smartphone camera-enabled capture and analysis of single, two-dimensional (2D) standing lateral digital images to estimate fat mass (FM) compared to dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in females and males. We also report the first model to predict abdominal FM using 2D digital images. Results: Gender-specific 2D estimates of FM were significantly correlated (p < 0.001) with DXA FM values and not different (p > 0.05). Reproducibility of FM estimates was very high (R2 = 0.99) with high concordance (R2 = 0.99) and low absolute pure error (0.114 to 0.116 kg) and percent error (1.3 and 3%). Bland–Altman plots revealed no proportional bias with limits of agreement of 4.9 to −4.3 kg and 3.9 to −4.9 kg for females and males, respectively. A novel 2D model to estimate abdominal (lumbar 2–5) FM produced high correlations (R2 = 0.99) and concordance (R2 = 0.99) compared to DXA abdominal FM values. Conclusions: A smartphone camera trained with machine learning and automated processing of 2D lateral standing digital images is an objective and valid method to estimate FM and, with proof of concept, to determine abdominal FM. It can facilitate practical identification of the obesity phenotype in adults.
Journal Article
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine Whole Slide Imaging Connectathon at Digital Pathology Association Pathology Visions 2017
As digital pathology systems for clinical diagnostic work applications become mainstream, interoperability between these systems from different vendors becomes critical. For the first time, multiple digital pathology vendors have publicly revealed the use of the digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) standard file format and network protocol to communicate between separate whole slide acquisition, storage, and viewing components. Note the use of DICOM for clinical diagnostic applications is still to be validated in the United States. The successful demonstration shows that the DICOM standard is fundamentally sound, though many lessons were learned. These lessons will be incorporated as incremental improvements in the standard, provide more detailed profiles to constrain variation for specific use cases, and offer educational material for implementers. Future Connectathon events will expand the scope to include more devices and vendors, as well as more ambitious use cases including laboratory information system integration and annotation for image analysis, as well as more geographic diversity. Users should request DICOM features in all purchases and contracts. It is anticipated that the growth of DICOM-compliant manufacturers will likely also ease DICOM for pathology becoming a recognized standard and as such the regulatory pathway for digital pathology products.
Journal Article
Use of digital imaging correlation techniques for full-field strain distribution analysis of implantable devices and tissue in spinal biomechanics research
Few studies have used optical full-field surface strain mapping to study spinal biomechanics. We used a commercial digital imaging correlation (DIC) system to (1) compare posterior surface strains on spinal rods with those obtained from conventional foil strain gauges, (2) quantify bony vertebral body and intervertebral disc (IVD) surface strains on 3 L3-S cadaveric spines during gold-standard flexibility tests (7.5-Nm flexion–extension and 400-N compression), and (3) report our experience with the application and feasibility of DIC to comprehensively map strain in spinal biomechanics. Spinal rods were tested under zero load and using ASTM F1717 standard. For rod strain measures, the largest mean bias offset and baseline noise standard deviation under zero load for DIC were 7.6 με and 33.7 με, respectively. For tissue measures, the largest mean bias offset was 8 με for ε1 and −55 με for ε2 with baseline noise standard deviations of 19 με and 26 με, respectively. On average, DIC rod strain measurements were 5.3% less than strain gauge measurements throughout the load range. Principal IVD and bony surface strains were consistently measurable and showed marked regional differences in strain patterns under different load conditions. Strains measured on spinal rods using DIC techniques reasonably agreed with standard strain gauge measurements. Subregional strain analyses on soft and hard spinal tissues during standard flexibility tests were feasible. Optical strain mapping is a viable, accurate, and promising measurement technique for novel spinal biomechanical studies.
Journal Article
Multivariate Analysis of Vocal Fold Vibrations on Various Voice Disorders Using High-Speed Digital Imaging
Although many quantitative parameters have been devised to describe abnormalities in vocal fold vibration, little is known about the priority of these parameters. We conducted a prospective study using high-speed digital imaging to elucidate disease-specific key parameters (KPs) to characterize the vocal fold vibrations of individual voice disorders. From 304 patients with various voice disorders and 46 normal speakers, high-speed digital imaging of a sustained phonation at a comfortable pitch and loudness was recorded and parameters from visual-perceptual rating, laryngotopography, digital kymography, and glottal area waveform were calculated. Multivariate analysis was then applied to these parameters to elucidate the KPs to explain each voice disorder in comparison to normal subjects. Four key parameters were statistically significant for all laryngeal diseases. However, the coefficient of determination (R2) was very low (0.29). Vocal fold paralysis (8 KPs, R2 = 0.76), sulcus vocalis (4 KPs, R2 = 0.74), vocal fold scarring (1 KP, R2 = 0.68), vocal fold atrophy (6 KPs, R2 = 0.53), and laryngeal cancer (1 KP, R2 = 0.52) showed moderate-to-high R2 values. The results identified different KPs for each voice disorder; thus, disease-specific analysis is a reasonable approach.
Journal Article
Exploring the pore system of carbonate rocks through a multi-analytical approach
The presence and distribution of pores in natural stones affect their durability and aesthetic value, especially when exposed to weathering agents like salt crystallization and freeze–thaw cycles. In this study, a multi-analytical approach was used to analyse the pore structure of twelve carbonate rocks, including different types of limestone and the Carrara marble. Mercury intrusion porosimetry, digital imaging analysis on backscattered electron images taken at the scanning electron microscope, and micro-computed tomography were used to overcome the limitations of each technique and create a more accurate reconstruction of the pore structure. This approach can aid in predicting the deterioration processes stones in heritage structures.
Journal Article
Optimizing Digital Image Quality for Improved Skin Cancer Detection
The rising incidence of skin cancer, particularly melanoma, underscores the need for improved diagnostic tools in dermatology. Accurate imaging plays a crucial role in early detection, yet challenges related to color accuracy, image distortion, and resolution persist, leading to diagnostic errors. This study addresses these issues by evaluating color reproduction accuracy across various imaging devices and lighting conditions. Using a ColorChecker test chart, color deviations were measured through Euclidean distances (ΔE*, ΔC*), and nonlinear color differences (ΔE00, ΔC00), while the color rendering index (CRI) and television lighting consistency index (TLCI) were used to evaluate the influence of light sources on image accuracy. Significant color discrepancies were identified among mobile phones, DSLRs, and mirrorless cameras, with inadequate dermatoscope lighting systems contributing to further inaccuracies. We demonstrate practical applications, including manual camera adjustments, grayscale reference cards, post-processing techniques, and optimized lighting conditions, to improve color accuracy. This study provides applicable solutions for enhancing color accuracy in dermatological imaging, emphasizing the need for standardized calibration techniques and imaging protocols to improve diagnostic reliability, support AI-assisted skin cancer detection, and contribute to high-quality image databases for clinical and automated analysis.
Journal Article