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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the effect of stitch type and stitch direction on the dynamic drape behavior of the woven fabric.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the effectiveness of stitch type and stitch directions on dynamic drape behaviors were investigated. Fabric parts were sewn together with two types of the stitch (lockstitch and overlock stitch) on three different stitch directions (warp, weft and bias (45°)). The static drape coefficients (SDC) of unsewn and sewn fabrics were measured according to the image process method. Dynamic drape coefficients (DDC) of fabrics were also measured using the same method at six different (25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 rpms) rotation speeds. Additionally, bending length and bending rigidity were measured using the Cantilever test method.FindingsExperimental results showed that stitch type and stitch directions are effective on the dynamic drape behaviors of the fabric. Overlock stitch resulted in greater DDC than the lock stitch. For both of the stitch type, DDC for the stitch on the warp direction are greater than the stitch on the weft and bias direction for all speeds. In addition, bending length, hence the bending rigidity, are greater for overlock stitch type and always weft direction resulted in greater than the warp and bias direction.Originality/valueFabric drape is vital for garment appearance and is gaining popularity with the advancement of virtual technology, enabling virtual visualization of garments. While previous studies have predominantly examined either the static or dynamic drape behavior of individual fabric panels, or solely focused on the static drape behavior of sewn fabrics, this study acknowledges the significance of incorporating the influence of stitch type and direction on dynamic drape behaviors. Considering that fabrics are sewn together to create garments and that DDC provides a more accurate representation of real-time fabric behavior compared to SDC, this research makes a valuable contribution to the existing literature by investigating the impact of stitch type and direction specifically on DDC.

Aim. To compare the impact and cost effects of medical long fiber polyester drapes and cotton fabric drapes on operative sterile operation interfaces. Background. The comparison of the properties of the commonly used surgical drapes materials in terms of leakage, device slip, and prevention of intraoperative adverse events is not clear. Method. A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in the operating room of a tertiary hospital in Chengdu, China. A total of 400 patients who underwent urology surgery were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups by computer, the study group (200 cases) selected the new long-fiber polyester cloth, while the control group (200 cases) selected conventional cotton fabric surgical drapes during the operation to maintain a sterile operating interface. The impermeability and water absorption of surgical drapes, the rate of device slip and skin scald in surgical patients, and the cost effect of the two kinds of surgical drapes were compared. Results. The long fiber polyester surgical drapes were superior to conventional cotton cloth in water absorption (g/m2) (835 ± 15.8 VS 225 ± 21.0, t = 328.261, P<0.001), preventing surgical site infections (2.5% VS 8.0%, χ2 = 6.081, P=0.014), device slip (7.5% VS 17.0%, χ2 = 8.396, P=0.004), patients from burning (0 VS 1, Fisher P=1.0), and total cost per use ($) (0.83 VS 0.96–1.09). Conclusion. Long fiber polyester fabric has a stronger antipenetration ability of fluid and microorganisms thus forming an effective protective barrier. It also has strong hygroscopicity, and its special design can prevent the occurrence of sliding of surface instruments and skin scald in patients. In addition, its cost effect is superior. Implications for Nursing Management. Operating room nursing managers can introduce long fiber polyester drapes into the selection of medical textiles to construct aseptic surgical barriers and prevent surgical site infection.

In order to efficiently reconstruct 3D fabric drape models with consistent topology, a 3D fabric drape model dataset named Ddrape was created firstly.The dataset consists of topologically consistent 3D fabric drape models and their corresponding 2D binary images. Subsequently, a reconstruction model named Rec3FDNet, which incorporates a convolution module and a graph convolution model, was constructed and trained to reconstruct 3D fabric drape models with consistent topology based on a single binary image. During the training of Rec3FDNet, the loss function, the normalization of 3D fabric drape model, and the structure of the initial mesh of Rec3FDNet were explored. The reconstruction results were characterized using Hausdorff distance toolbox of Meshlab in Python. The results demonstrated that Rec3FDNet enables fast and accurate reconstruction of 3D fabric drape models with consistent topology. Under the optimal parameter combination, the average Hausdorff distance(error) of the reconstructed 3D fabric drape models is 1.752 mm. In addition to reconstructing results with a consistent topology, Rec3FDNet is also robust to random translation of the input image. This study provides a practical method for large-scale acquisition of 3D fabric drape models.

This study analyzed fabric drapability in one, two, and three dimensions to provide an assessment method reflecting real conditions. One-dimensional analysis of drapability involved observing the fabric movement by reciprocating motion. The movement appeared differently depending on the fabric characteristics, and the shape and location of the node showed differently, which were considered to be influenced by the weight of the sample along with the drape coefficient. Two-dimensional analysis identified the significant factors for the drape information. This examination confirmed that, even if drape factors were similar, differences in draped shape were observed based on the factors related to node shapes. Three-dimensional analysis, using a 3D scanner, involved the use of the mean distances between draped samples and the standard truncated cone, their standard deviation, and the coefficient of variation. The coefficient of variation was high in the groups wherein the shape of the drape was irregular. In the 3D analysis, the distances between samples and the standard truncated cone were expressed in colors to intuitively deliver the drape information. To determine a factor that could indicate drapability among the factors derived from each dimension, the existing drape coefficient was employed for correlation analysis. Three pairs of samples with similar drape coefficients but different drape shapes were selected to verify the above results. In conclusion, one-dimensional node location, two-dimensional standard deviation of node severity, and three-dimensional coefficient of variation were shown to effectively demonstrate the drape characteristic that the drape coefficient could not indicate.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse dynamic drape behaviours of 100% wool woven suiting fabrics considering real-time usage.Design/methodology/approachDynamic drape coefficients of 100% wool woven fabrics were measured at different rotation speeds (25, 75, 125 and 175 rpm) with a commercially used fabric drape tester which works on image processing principle. Average daily walking speed of male and female volunteers was determined and the closest rotation speed was selected to calculate dynamic drape coefficient at walking (DDCw). Besides, bending rigidity and shear deformation properties, which are known to be related to the static drape behaviours of the fabrics, were also measured and the relationships between these parameters and DDCw were examined.FindingsAs a result of the experimental study, it was found that dynamic drape coefficients become greater, which means the fabrics take flatter position, with the increase of the rotation speed. In addition, it was also seen that parameters known to be related to static drape behaviours such as unit weight and bending stiffness have less effect on the dynamic drapes of fabrics. For the estimation of dynamic drape behaviour of fabrics, parameters such as static perimeter, dynamic perimeter, etc. are found more significant.Originality/valueTo date, although studies about dynamic drape behaviours of the fabrics claimed that dynamic drape gives more realistic results for in wearer experience, few of them focused on the rotation speed of dynamic drape tester for real-time usage. As dynamic drape behaviours of fabrics may differ for different rotation speed, determining appropriate speed in accordance with real-time usage gives more realistic results.

Drapajul este o caracteristică importantă a materialului textil, corelându-se în principal cu rigiditatea acestuia. Această caracteristică este evaluată obiectiv cu un indicator, respectiv coeficientul de drapaj (DC). Coeficientul de drapaj se calculează pe baza suprafaţei bidimensionale de proiecţie a probei cu drapaj tridimensional (3D). În acest studiu, se evaluează modelul de drapaj tridimensional (3D) si se prezintă o nouă bază a suprafeţei cu funcţie de secţionare. Suprafaţa propusă a fost calculată cu ajutorul unui plan orizontal, care a secţionat modelul de drapaj 3D (curba de secţiune), chiar deasupra celui mai înalt punct al curbei reale limită. Coeficientul de drapaj modificat (MDC) a fost comparat cu cel iniţial DC, în ceea ce priveste rezistenţa la încovoiere. Rezultatele au demonstrat că rezistenţa la încovoiere înregistrează valori optime cu MDC, în comparaţie cu DC. Rezultă astfel că, MDC este mai eficient în evaluarea drapajului materialelor textile.

The main aspect of this research was to predict the drape parameters and describe clearly the drape phenomenon using fuzzy logic method. Forecasting features allow manufacturers to save time and improve their productivity. The bending rigidity, (in warp, weft, and skew direction), shear rigidity, and weight of fabric samples were used as the key input variables for the model, whereas drape coefficient, drape distance ratio, folds depth index, and node number were used as output/response variables. The results show that changing the values of fabric parameters significantly affected the fabric drape and a representative correlation values were found between the experimental values and those calculated by the fuzzy system.

Fabric drape characterization is vital for textile performance and aesthetics, but the conventional Cusick method is labor-intensive and incompatible with digital workflows. This study assesses a smartphone-enabled digital image processing (DIP) method for fabric drape coefficient (DC) measurement, providing an accessible, low-cost alternative to the Cusick method. Draped specimens of light, medium, and heavy fabrics were imaged at three diameters (24, 30, and 36 cm) using a smartphone positioned at three vertical distances (22, 32, and 42 cm). DCs were determined through pixel-based analysis in Adobe Photoshop®, ImageJ®, and MATLAB®. Statistical comparison against the Cusick method employed F-tests for variance, two-sample t-tests for mean differences, and skewness analysis. No statistically significant differences were found between smartphone DIP (with either the iPhone or Samsung device) and Cusick measurements (p > 0.05). Neither imaging height nor software platform significantly influenced outcomes, though a 22 cm height consistently provided the most stable conditions. ImageJ® was identified as an effective open-source option for reliable analysis. The findings establish a reliable, cost-effective, and portable method for drape evaluation, reducing technical and economic barriers while aligning with Industry 4.0 digitalization. This approach enables broader adoption of reliable textile characterization across research, industry, and domains.

The hand layup of pre-impregnated woven materials is still a large part of the composite manufacturing industry, requiring the skills and experience of a human workforce to form flat plies into complex shapes. It is capable of producing high performance and complex parts, but can be an expensive and variable process. Despite its importance, there appears to have been very little research into the actual methods and techniques used by workers to manipulate flat sheets of composite material into shape during layup. This work presents the first known detailed study of the approach and techniques used by laminators. Four participants laid up onto 15 different shaped molds that replicated features commonly found on composite components. The actions used in layup were grouped into eight distinct techniques. Use of these techniques across tasks of different geometry, ramp angles, radii and drape path was identified using video analysis techniques from the ergonomics field. This revealed strong links between specific features and techniques, revealing a systematic approach to layup. This has enabled the first step toward producing a design for manufacture knowledge base surrounding hand layup. This could then be used to inform the development of the layup process, improve training methods and assist in the design of future automated solutions.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse dynamic drape behaviour of eight different types of woollen fabrics each treated by three different finishing processes. Design/methodology/approach A new apparatus was used to evaluate the dynamic drape formation process of woollen fabrics during the rotation of the samples at different speed grades of 0 (static drape), 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 rev/min for each sample. The computerised image analysis method was used to measure the drape coefficients (DCs). Findings As a result of experiments, it was found that shearing, calendaring, pressing processes affected the drapability and drape behaviour negatively, but belt pressing treatment and decatising process improved the drapability and the drape behaviour for all fabrics. Furthermore, there is a reverse relationship between fabric weight and drape behaviour. As the fabric weight increases, DC value increases due to the increase of fabric tightness. Originality/value To date, although many researchers have studied the static draping behaviour, the studies regarding the dynamic drape behaviour of the fabrics are quite limited to an extent. Besides, none of these studies regarding the drape behaviour have investigated the effects of different finishing processes on the drape behaviour of wool fabrics.