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"EMANCIPATION OF SLAVES"
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Slave emancipation and racial attitudes in nineteenth-century South Africa
\"This book examines the social transformation wrought by the abolition of slavery in 1834 in South Africa's Cape Colony. It pays particular attention to the effects of socioeconomic and cultural changes in the way both freed slaves and dominant whites adjusted to the new world. It compares South Africa's relatively peaceful transition from a slave to a non-slave society to the bloody experience of the US South after abolition, analyzing rape hysteria in both places as well as the significance of changing concepts of honor in the Cape. Finally, the book examines the early development of South Africa's particular brand of racism, arguing that abolition, not slavery itself, was a causative factor; although racist attitudes were largely absent while slavery persisted, they grew incrementally but steadily after abolition, driven primarily by whites' need for secure, exploitable labor\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
British slave emancipation and the demand for Brazilian sugar
This paper studies the effect of British slave emancipation on the sugar industry in the north-east of Brazil. Combining pre-existing annual data on Brazilian exports and British, French, American and Hanseatic imports with a new monthly series of imports to Liverpool and New York, I argue that the British policies following emancipation were related to a rapid increase in the demand for Brazilian sugar in the British market towards the end of mid-century. The results of an interrupted time series analysis show that the effect was particularly large following the end of apprenticeship in 1838 and the passage of the Sugar Act in 1846. I estimate that over the period 1827–1853, slave emancipation increased Brazil’s market share by around five per cent, which corresponded to between 15 and 28 per cent of the volume of Brazilian exports. A comparison with markets unaffected by such policy treatments demonstrates that these trends were confined to the British market.
Journal Article
Barbara Krauthamer Named Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences at Emory University in Atlanta
Currently, Dr. Krauthamer is dean of the College of Humanities and Fine Arts at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. She has served on the faculty there since 2008. She will begin her new duties on July 1.
Journal Article
MARÍA ANTONIA ACUDE A LA JUSTICIA. OPORTUNIDADES Y LÍMITES PARA LA EMANCIPACIÓN DE LAS PERSONAS ESCLAVIZADAS EN PARANÁ DURANTE EL PROCESO ABOLICIONISTA
Particularly, we highlight how the emergency of an anti-slavery rhetoric generate emancipation expectations on enslavement people and their public defenders, and how these expectations were mobilized in a court case departed from claim for old, conquered rights, like the owner obligation to give a human treatment to their slaves. Furthermore, adopting a genre perspective, we explore the extreme inequality of power that existed between black women, that worked on domestic labors, and their owners. Key words: slavery, abolition laws, Paraná city, XIX century, court cases Introducción Corría el mes de enero de 1831 cuando María Antonia Romero se presentó ante José Millán, defensor general de pobres de la ciudad de Paraná. Al parecer, María Antonia había solicitado previamente la ayuda del juez mayor, del comandante general y del cura vicario quienes, sin embargo, habían desestimado su demanda.
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The Archaeology of Providence Island: Liberian Heritage beyond Settlement
The 2022 bicentennial of the arrival of Black Americans to West African shores was a moment of reflection for many Liberians. In the wake of civil war, many questioned the celebratory tone of the occasion and challenged settler heritage narratives. At the same time, Providence Island featured prominently in official programming. Since 2019, our Back-to-Africa Heritage and Archaeology project has worked on the island to investigate the site's function beyond the mythic 1822 encounter between those seeking freedom from racial injustice in the Americas and Indigenous West Africans, instead offering a more inclusive and complex account of the public heritage space. We specifically focus on deposits that date to the decades prior to, during, and after 1822, demonstrating the tensions surrounding freedom-making and Black Republicanism from past to present, concluding that the binary of pre- and post-settlement fails to capture the complexities of Liberian pasts that unfolded on the island.
Journal Article
Rehabilitating the Beast
Leonard, the author of numerous books about these decades, and particularly the Lincoln-Prize-winning biography of Judge Advocate General Joseph Holt, knows this terrain well, of course, but as a professor at Maine's Colby College, she is also associated with the institution once known as Waterville College, where Butler studied while briefly considering a life in the ministry. (Apart from the fact that Colby has a large cache of Butler's materials, the ever-helpful Butler attempted to assist his future biographers by writing Butler's Book: Autobiography and Personal Reminiscences (1892), which filled 1037 pages and contained another 94 pages of documents and correspondence.)1 As one has come to expect from her earlier work, Leonard's study is deeply grounded in archival materials, cites ninety-eight newspapers, and draws on a small library of books and articles. After winning a seat in the Massachusetts state legislature in 1853, Butler drafted a bill to compensate the Charlestown Ursuline convent and school that had been torched two decades before. Leonard regards that interpretation to be \"unduly harsh,\" noting that at Fort Monroe, Butler was liberating slaves who had been put to work by the Confederate military, whereas in this case he was dealing with masters he hoped to coax into again becoming loyal citizens. [...]as she correctly notes, Congress would not pass the second Confiscation Act until three months into Butler's tenure in Louisiana, and Lincoln would not issue his preliminary Emancipation Proclamation for another two months after that.
Journal Article
Ties that Bind: The Long Emancipation and Status Ambiguity in Early Twentieth-Century Southwestern Tanzania
In the 1890s, the slave and ivory trader Rashid bin Masoud established the settlement Kikole deep in what is now southwestern Tanzania. Kikole was strategically located near Lake Nyasa, a major slaving region. Masoud's followers residing at Kikole were typically referred to as his slaves by German colonists and missionaries. Local oral histories today, however, define these followers as askari (soldiers or guards) or mafundi (technicians or specialists; in this case, in using weaponry). This article considers how recent expanded excavations at Kikole can help us better understand Masoud's followers. Differences in housing investment and material access suggest status differences among residents: any single definition of Masoud's followers may be inadequate. A broader concern addressed in this article is how we define slavery itself.
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Remembering Past Lessons about Structural Racism — Recentering Black Theorists of Health and Society
Though the mounting resolve to address structural racism in U.S. medicine and public health is welcome, the theory and empirical grounding for this work was laid out more than a century ago by W.E.B. Du Bois and his colleagues in the Atlanta school of sociology.
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Global Archaeologies of the Long Emancipation: An Introduction
This article serves as an introduction to this guest-edited special issue of American Antiquity entitled “Global Archaeologies of the Long Emancipation.” We begin by discussing Rinaldo Walcott's notion of the Long Emancipation, noting how the failed promises of the legal ending of slavery led to sensations of freedom and ongoing forms of anti-Blackness. In response, Black communities have employed various strategies in pursuit of freedom. We then apply this argument to archaeological thought and practice, suggesting that archaeology is well positioned to provide evidence of Black creativity, action, and struggle in a variety of global contexts. The article closes with an overview of this special issue, which includes a brief summary of individual contributions.
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