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The recent rise of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) is changing markets, politics, organizations, and societies. It also affects the domain of research. Supported by new statistical methods that rely on computational power and computer science—data science methods—we are now able to analyze data sets that can be huge, multidimensional, and unstructured and are diversely sourced. In this paper, we describe the most prominent data science methods suitable for entrepreneurship research and provide links to literature and Internet resources for self-starters. We survey how data science methods have been applied in the entrepreneurship research literature. As a showcase of data science techniques, based on a dataset of 95% of all job vacancies in the Netherlands over a 6-year period with 7.7 million data points, we provide an original analysis of the demand dynamics for entrepreneurial skills in the Netherlands. We show which entrepreneurial skills are particularly important for which type of profession. Moreover, we find that demand for both entrepreneurial and digital skills has increased for managerial positions, but not for others. We also find that entrepreneurial skills were significantly more demanded than digital skills over the entire period 2012–2017 and that the absolute importance of entrepreneurial skills has even increased more than digital skills for managers, despite the impact of datafication on the labor market. We conclude that further studies of entrepreneurial skills in the general population—outside the domain of entrepreneurs—is a rewarding subject for future research.

The article emphasizes the effects of blended learning program for enhancing entrepreneurial skills among women in Maharashtra with special reference to Pune district. The present study results in the creation of the entrepreneurial skill matrix that explores the necessary skills for creative entrepreneurs. Performing the entrepreneurial skill assessment is an extremely important and foremost a step of the instructional design. A significant difference was observed in posttest and pretest scores of women students, which seemingly shows that the experimental group has increased the level of entrepreneurial skills reasonably much more in posttest compared with pretest because of blended learning interventions.

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has had an uncertain impact on the global economy, especially for entrepreneurs and small and medium-sized enterprises that have suffered significant consequences. However, resilience has emerged as an entrepreneurial skill that allows companies to adapt and grow stronger in the face of challenges. Therefore, this paper conducted a literature review to identify the factors that comprise resilience to strengthen training programs for entrepreneurial skills. This study aims to lead to future empirical studies that will provide more understanding and equip professionals with the skills to adapt to crises. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review was performed, analyzing studies related to entrepreneurship, resilience and crises. In total, 30 empirical studies were analyzed to determine the facts of the crises, the methodologies used and the actions taken to address them. Findings The review identified resilience factors such as attitudes adopted toward the crisis, the characteristics of the business and the entrepreneur, the relationships with institutions, human and social capital and strategic management. These factors can be considered in training programs for resilient entrepreneurs and by the different actors in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, including the universities and public policymakers, who support them. Originality/value This study provides a literature review that focuses on identifying the resilience factors of entrepreneurs who confronted past crises to know how to apply them to overcome the current situation and contribute to post-COVID-19 entrepreneurship. This paper hopes that the findings motivate others to conduct further empirical studies on entrepreneurship and resilience in times of crisis, especially in developing countries and emerging economies.

Start-ups are launched every day, and most of them will fail at the same pace. Worldwide unemployment has become a major concern due to the geometric increase in the population. However, job opportunities are not created at the same pace as the overall population, and jobless people are becoming a burden on the economy. This situation led to introduce a system that helps people become self-employed and gives dignity to their lives. Prior studies reported that many factors could motivate an individual to pursue entrepreneurial projects. However, there is still a gap in identifying a path that promotes entrepreneurial intention among young graduates. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to determine the effect of self-motivation, family support, peer influence, and institutional support on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial skills, propensity to take risks, and innovativeness. Data were collected from 416 business students from six public and private sector universities in Pakistan. The results revealed that self-motivation, family support, peer influence, and institutional support positively and significantly affected entrepreneurial intention. The mediating role of entrepreneurial skills, a propensity to take risks, and innovativeness also enhances entrepreneurial intention among young graduates. A categorical analysis was conducted to explain the characteristics of the individuals motivated to launch start-ups. The results revealed a significant difference in the grouping variables of gender and education. The conceptual model provides more pronounced results in the case of male and post-graduate students. These findings may motivate young graduates to start new venture capital start-ups based on open business models. In this way, they can contribute to the complex and evolutionary economics that accelerate efficiency through technological innovation.

Purpose This study aims to define, classify and interconnect the wide range of known entrepreneurial abilities with terms such as skills, capabilities and competencies, which have been used inconsistently within the entrepreneurial field. Design/methodology/approach This investigation is based on a systematic literature review and strengthened by a meta-analysis equipped with a bibliometric study to assist the generation of outcomes with a quantitative investigation. Findings This study proposes an evolving entrepreneurial ability model which interconnects genetic and acquired skill types, capabilities and competencies and is equipped with an Entrepreneurial Skills Map essential to operate in the 21st century. Research limitations/implications The proposed model is specific to the entrepreneurial field. Practical implications This study supports universities and government agencies for the development of educational programs to prepare current and future entrepreneurs to match the changes in the new environment that has emerged with the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality/value This research contributes to the entrepreneurship research domain by shedding light on the inconsistent use of non-standardised terminologies and providing an entrepreneurial model and updated skills map to guide scholars to frame research in the post-COVID era with more clarity.

The aim of this paper is to investigate the implications of Challenge-Based Learning programs on entrepreneurial skills, and on the mindset and intentions of university students, through a quantitative approach. Resorting to an original database, we analyzed the pre- and post-levels of entrepreneurial skills, mindset and intention of 127 students who attended a Challenge-Based Learning program. Results show a positive and significant effect of Challenge-Based Learning programs on the entrepreneurial mindset and skills - that is, financial literacy, creativity, and planning - of the students.

The study examines the determinants of companies' key skills and strategies to understand better how firms can use their resources to achieve success. This study is, therefore, undertaken for this reason to investigate the connections between possible variables. Specifically, it aims to examine the mediating effect of strategic planning on the relationship between technical skills, managerial skills, entrepreneurial skills, business skills, and performance of the small and medium enterprises in Punjab, Pakistan. Data was collected through self-administrative questionnaires with 265 owners/managers of small and medium enterprises in Punjab, Pakistan. PLS-SEM is used to analyze the data and test the hypothesis. The study's findings suggest a significant relationship between managerial skills, entrepreneurial skills, business skills, and strategic planning. Strategic planning mediates the relationship between managerial skills, entrepreneurial skills, business skills, and firm performance for the mediating effect. However, no empirical support has been found from the mediator on the relationship between technical skills and firm performance. This study provides valuable insights into strategic planning's role in improving the firm’s performance to the owners/managers of small and medium enterprises, policymakers, and researchers. SMEs owners/managers should also be encouraged to undertake strategic planning that can encourage them to utilize their resources to improve their performance. Finally, the study concludes with feedback from theory, methodology, consequences, guidelines, limitations, and future research.

As worldwide unemployment is an extensive problem with the increasing population every day, job opportunities did not increase with a similar ratio. Unemployment is increasing, affecting developing countries’ economies like Pakistan. This attempt to solve this problem is commonly acknowledged by creating new opportunities and starting new business ventures. Considering this aspect, this study inspects the aspects that create and affect entrepreneurial intention in young entrepreneurs to start entrepreneurial projects. This study explores the effect of self-efficacy, family, institutional, and peer support on entrepreneurial intention. These factors are expected to create entrepreneurial intention in young graduates to start their business ventures. All these factors and the mediating role of knowledge of entrepreneurial skills, ability to take risks, and entrepreneurial innovativeness motivate young entrepreneurs to take startups. For results, a survey method with a questionnaire has been utilized to gather data. The collected data were evaluated through descriptive and inferential statistics. SPSS and SMART-PLS 3.3 were used for the analysis of results. 716 respondents participated in the data collection process. Data have been gathered from the master's students who registered in Pakistan's top business sector universities. The results of this study showed that self-efficacy, peers support, institutional support, and family support positively impact entrepreneurial intention. Additionally, knowledge of entrepreneurial skills, the ability to take risks, and entrepreneurial innovativeness also significantly affect entrepreneurial intention. In this study, all these results have been discussed. This study also discusses various theoretical and practical factors with substantial policy-making significance.

This study investigates the impact of entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial attitude, and entrepreneurial skills on the development of biotechnology firms in the UK. In this regard, this study has validated the impact of entrepreneurial activities like attitude and education and explored how these factors are necessary for the growth of biotechnology firms. The data was organized and collected through surveys provided to the employees of biotech firms in the UK. Two hundred eighty employees responded to the survey. The findings of this study suggest that all three factors - entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial attitude, and entrepreneurial skills - are important for the development of successful biotechnology firms in the UK. The findings of this research study suggest that entrepreneurial attitude has a significant impact on the development of biotechnology firms, whereas the impact of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial skills is not as significant. These findings underscore the need for policies and programs that support and encourage these activities in order to promote the growth of this important sector of the economy.

Purpose – Research on entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has attracted researchers’ attention for over 30 years. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively analyze the body of literature resulting from 30 years of research in EO, and to answer the following questions: what are the major themes that have emerged? What areas are missing? What degree of convergence do we see in the field of EO, and what concepts/topics has the field converged around? Design/methodology/approach – A bibliometric study with a sample of 405 articles published from January 1987 to July 2014 was developed. Techniques of bibliometric, lexical, and content analysis were used. The analysis involved: the evolution of published articles; the main authors, their nationalities, and institutional affiliations; citation and co-citations analysis; the journals that have published the most articles; and the most frequently-searched topics. Opting for bibliometric techniques permit an analysis of a larger number of articles and a greater variety of articles than other methodologies such as meta-analyses and systematic review studies. Accordingly, a more comprehensive look at the field of EO can be taken. Findings – Two distinct but complementary classifications are proposed to characterize the body of the literature resulting from 30 years of research in EO. The first one demonstrates that the field presents a convergence of the themes in four axis which together comprise studies on EO: performance, strategy, entrepreneurial attitude, and management. The second one presents the frequency of occurrence of the themes in the field: high-frequency themes or classical themes, frequently in the literature; moderate-frequency themes or emerging issues have not been sufficiently explored; low-frequency themes or potential opportunities related to understudied issues and contexts less frequently surveyed. A future research agenda is proposed for emerging themes and specific contexts. Practical implications – The identification of key themes in the field of EO contributes to assess the research evolution in order to recognize emerging themes and contexts, and the research gaps. With this, it is possible to lead new studies to cover a lack of research and advance knowledge in the field. The themes most studied also show the contribution for EO to organizational practice, especially in relation to the impact on the performance, the stimulus to the development of innovations, and the effects on organizational growth. Additionally, the identification of the authors most cited, most productive on the theme and the identification of the core journals for publishing of the area is recommended as a general reference for researchers interested in the topic of EO. Social implications – Although EO literature has been widely developed in Anglo regions (especially in the USA and UK) and Germanic Europe (especially Spain), there are others lacking these studies, especially Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, and Middle East, with rare articles published internationally. The results can guide the advancement of research in these different contexts and realities where even issues more widely treated in the literature have been unexplored. The lack of studies in certain contexts can lead to new studies for inserting new insights into EO, such as potential differences between developed regions and in development. For regions where the studies on EO are more developed, the results of this paper contribute to signaling issues and contexts little explored that may be the focus of attention. Originality/value – The generation of literature indicators of EO through bibliometric fills a research gap on the theme, providing a more comprehensive view of the field and of the current status of the research on EO. Identifying the most frequent topics in EO literature, and little-explored themes and contexts makes it possible to propose an agenda for future research and knowledge generation on EO. Thus, it is suggested the development of studies focus on emerging themes like growth, learning, knowledge, resources, and capabilities; also in specific contexts with potential for aggregating new knowledges in the EO field such as family firms, non-profit organizations, social contexts, the public sector, university, spin-off, firms in emerging and developing economies.