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"EQUALIZATION"
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Social equality in education : France and England 1789-1939
This book explores the development of education in France and England from the French Revolution to the outbreak of World War II. The author uses social equality as a framework to compare and contrast the educational systems of both countries and to emphasise the distinctive ideological legacies at the heart of both systems. The author analyses how the French Revolution prompted the emergence of an egalitarian ideology in education that in turn was crucial for propagating the values of equality, patriotism and unity. In tandem, the volume discusses the equally dramatic consequences of the Industrial Revolution for English society: while England led the world by 1800 in trade, commerce and industry, a strict form of liberalism and minimal state intervention impeded the reduction of educational inequality. This pioneering book will be of interest to students and scholars of educational equality as well as the history of education in France and England.
Book
A study on adaptive fractionally spaced blind equalization for phase correction in spectrum depth fading channels
An adaptive fractionally spaced equalizer based on a modified constant modulus algorithm is studied to overcome the shortcomings of a constant modulus blind equalization algorithm in a spectrum depth fading channel. This paper deduces the fractional-spaced modified constant modulus algorithm and simulates and verifies the performance of the equalizer. The simulation results show that the blind equalizer using the fractionally spaced modified constant modulus algorithm not only avoids the spectrum aliasing caused by the under-sampling of the equalizer and corrects the phase deflection caused by the spectrum depth fading channel, but also reduces the mean square error of the output signal of the blind equalizer.
Journal Article
Room Response Equalization—A Review
Room response equalization aims at improving the sound reproduction in rooms by applying advanced digital signal processing techniques to design an equalizer on the basis of one or more measurements of the room response. This topic has been intensively studied in the last 40 years, resulting in a number of effective techniques facing different aspects of the problem. This review paper aims at giving an overview of the existing methods following their historical evolution, and discussing pros and cons of each approach with relation to the room characteristics, as well as instrumental and perceptual measures. The review is concluded by a discussion on emerging topics and new trends.
Journal Article
We demand
This title is part of American Studies Now and available as an e-book first. Visit ucpress.edu/go/americanstudiesnow to learn more.
In the post-World War II period, students rebelled against the university establishment. In student-led movements, women, minorities, immigrants, and indigenous people demanded that universities adapt to better serve the increasingly heterogeneous public and student bodies. The success of these movements had a profound impact on the intellectual landscape of the twentieth century: out of these efforts were born ethnic studies, women's studies, and American studies.
In We Demand, Roderick A. Ferguson demonstrates that less than fifty years since this pivotal shift in the academy, the university is moving away from \"the people\" in all their diversity. Today the university is refortifying its commitment to the defense of the status quo off campus and the regulation of students, faculty, and staff on campus. The progressive forms of knowledge that the student-led movements demanded and helped to produce are being attacked on every front. Not only is this a reactionary move against the social advances since the '60s and '70s-it is part of the larger threat of anti-intellectualism in the United States.
eBook
Black American Students in An Affluent Suburb
John Ogbu has studied minority education from a comparative perspective for over 30 years. The study reported in this book--jointly sponsored by the community and the school district in Shaker Heights, Ohio--focuses on the academic performance of Black American students. Not only do these students perform less well than White students at every social class level, but also less well than immigrant minority students, including Black immigrant students. Furthermore, both middle-class Black students in suburban school districts, as well as poor Black students in inner-city schools are not doing well. Ogbu's analysis draws on data from observations, formal and informal interviews, and statistical and other data. He offers strong empirical evidence to support the cross-class existence of the problem.
The book is organized in four parts:
*Part I provides a description of the twin problems the study addresses--the gap between Black and White students in school performance and the low academic engagement of Black students; a review of conventional explanations; an alternative perspective; and the framework for the study.
*Part II is an analysis of societal and school factors contributing to the problem, including race relations, Pygmalion or internalized White beliefs and expectations, levelling or tracking, the roles of teachers, counselors, and discipline.
* Community factors --the focus of this study--are discussed in Part III. These include the educational impact of opportunity structure, collective identity, cultural and language or dialect frame of reference in schooling, peer pressures, and the role of the family. This research focus does not mean exonerating the system and blaming minorities, nor does it mean neglecting school and society factors. Rather, Ogbu argues, the role of community forces should be incorporated into the discussion of the academic achievement gap by researchers, theoreticians, policymakers, educators, and minorities themselves who genuinely want to improve the academic achievement of African American children and other minorities.
*In Part IV, Ogbu presents a summary of the study's findings on community forces and offers recommendations--some of which are for the school system and some for the Black community.
Black American Students in an Affluent Suburb: A Study of Academic Disengagement is an important book for a wide range of researchers, professionals, and students, particularly in the areas of Black education, minority education, comparative and international education, sociology of education, educational anthropology, educational policy, teacher education, and applied anthropology.
eBook
Strong Single Frequency Jamming Detection Method based on Adaptive Equalization Coefficients
Serious jamming effect on the communication signal maybe comes from the result of single-frequency jamming which could concentrate energy applying into the transmitted spectra. Usually, the communication signal is covered by the jamming effect. In order to effectively detect the existence of single frequency interference signal or not, the paper presents a frequency domain abnormal phenomena detection method based on adaptive equalization coefficients. The proposed method directly transforms the calculated equalization coefficients into the frequency domain. Then, the existence of strong single-frequency interference signals can be directly detected online by observing the characteristics of the frequency domain. The simulation results show that this method has a good detection effect on strong single frequency jamming. The research shows that the mentioned detection method and the related anomaly recognition technology based on equalization coefficients can be used for jamming detection, and can provide a new technical approach for jamming detection.
Journal Article