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A short introduction to understanding and supporting children with eating disorders
Increasing numbers of children and young people are presenting for treatment of an eating disorder, but there are many different types and they are often confused, making it difficult to know what support to offer.This easy-to-read guide presents all the vital information on a range of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, selective eating, and avoidant and restrictive intake disorders. Each eating disorder is clearly defined, making it easy to draw distinctions between them. The book covers their origins, characteristics and typical development, letting teachers and parents know what signs to look out for. There is practical advice on how to help young people, strategies for overcoming common difficulties, as well as information on available treatments. Vignettes feature throughout to help teachers and parents apply knowledge to real-life situations. This is an essential resource for teachers and parents of children and young people with eating disorders.
eBook
Changes in Food Selectivity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Food selectivity is a common problem in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and has an adverse impact on nutrient adequacy and family mealtimes. Despite recent research in this area, few studies have addressed whether food selectivity present in children with ASD persists into adolescence. In this study, we assessed food selectivity in 18 children with ASD at two time points (mean age = 6.8 and 13.2 years), and examined changes in food selectivity. While food refusal improved overall, we did not observe an increase in food repertoire (number of unique foods eaten). These findings support the need for interventions early in childhood to increase variety and promote healthy eating among children with ASD.
Journal Article
Associations between problems with crying, sleeping and/or feeding in infancy and long-term behavioural outcomes in childhood: a meta-analysis
Background Excessive crying, sleeping or feeding problems are found in approximately 20% of infants and may predict behavioural problems in childhood. Methods A quantitative meta-analysis of 22 longitudinal studies from 1987 to 2006 that statistically tested the association between infant regulatory problems and childhood internalising, externalising and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) problems was carried out; 1935 children with regulatory problems were tested. Cohen's d was used to express the association between regulatory problems and behavioural problems. Heterogeneity of the effect sizes was assessed using the I2 statistic and meta-analysis of variance and meta-regressions were conducted to assess the influence of moderators. Rosenthal's classic fail-safe N and correlation of sample sizes to effect sizes were used to assess publication bias. Results The weighted mean effect size for the main regulatory problems–behavioural problems association was 0.41 (95% CI 0.28 to 0.54), indicating that children with previous regulatory problems have more behavioural problems than controls. Externalising and ADHD problems were the strongest outcome of any regulatory problem, indicated by the highest fail-safe N and lowest correlation of sample size to effect size. Meta-analyses of variance revealed no significant moderating influences of regulatory problem comorbidity (I2=44.0, p>0.05), type (I2=41.8, p>0.05) or duration (I2=44.0, p>0.05). However, cumulative problems and clinical referral increased the risk of behavioural problems. Conclusions The meta-analyses suggest that children with previous regulatory problems have more behavioural problems than controls, particularly in multi-problem families. Further studies are required to assess the behavioural outcomes of previously sleep, feeding or multiply disturbed children.
Journal Article
Eating disorders in children and adolescents : a clinical handbook
\"Eating disorders typically first appear during childhood and adolescence. Despite this early age of onset, edited volumes on eating disorders have not focused on this age cohort. One of the primary purposes of this book is to redress this imbalance and target the unique issues that pertain to the development, assessment, and treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents, a period of heightened vulnerability to the these disorders and to the potential damage they can cause\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Prevalence of problematic feeding in young children born prematurely: a meta-analysis
Background
Difficulties related to eating are often reported in children born preterm. The objective of this study was to quantitatively synthesize available data on the prevalence of problematic feeding in children under 4 years of age who were born preterm.
Methods
Literature was identified from PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo. The search was limited to English language and publication years 2000–2020. To be included in the meta-analysis, the article had to report the prevalence of problematic oral feeding within a population of children born prematurely (< 37 weeks’ gestation), and the child age at the time of study had to be between full-term corrected age and 48 months. For studies meeting inclusion criteria, the following data were extracted: sample size and subsamples by gestational age and/or child age at time of study; definition of problematic feeding; measures used for assessment of feeding; gestational age at time of birth of sample; child age at time of study; exclusion criteria for the study; and prevalence of problematic feeding. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to estimate the prevalence of problematic feeding across all studies, by gestational age at birth, and by child age at time of study.
Results
There were 22 studies that met inclusion criteria. Overall prevalence of problematic feeding (
N
= 4381) was 42% (95% CI 33–51%). Prevalence was neither significantly different across categories of gestational age nor by child age at the time of study. Few studies used psychometrically-sound assessments of feeding.
Conclusion
Problematic feeding is highly prevalent in prematurely-born children in the first 4 years of life regardless of degree of prematurity. Healthcare providers of children born preterm should consider screening for problematic feeding throughout early childhood as a potential complication of preterm birth.
Systematic review registration number
Not applicable.
Journal Article
Eating Disorders
Eating problems are common in children and teenagers. Yet myths about such problems abound and it can be very difficult to separate the facts from popular beliefs; unusual or disturbed eating patterns can be understandably bewildering and distressing for parents.
Whatever aspect of your child's eating behaviour is causing you concern, this book will help you understand some of the more common reasons why problems arise, and will give you advice on what you and others can do to manage the situation.
Written by two experienced clinicians, this new edition of Eating Disorders: A Parents' Guide is dedicated to clarifying the subject of eating disorders. Combining an accessible and straightforward introduction to the subject with practical advice, this book represents the first step towards recognising, understanding and dealing with the problem.
Case-studies are used to help parents understand their children's experiences of this complex and challenging subject and sensitive advice is offered on a range of issues, including:
how to identify a complete range of eating difficulties
how to approach specific problems
where to seek help and treatment.
This book will be welcomed by anyone who is concerned about the eating habits of their children and will be invaluable to professionals working with those suffering from eating disorders.
Introduction. What are eating disorders? What causes eating disorders? How do I know if my child has an eating disorder? What can I do? General principles. What can I do? Specific problems . Who should I consult and what will they do? What about the future? Case vignettes.
Rachel Bryant-Waugh is Lead Consultant Clinical Psychologist and Joint Head of the Feeding and Eating Disorders Service at Great Ormond Street Hospital. She is also Honorary Senior Lecturer at the Institute of Child Health, University College London. She obtained a DPhil from the University of Sussex investigating children with eating disorders, and trained as a clinical psychologist in London. She has specialized in feeding and eating difficulties in children for many years, has taught and published widely in this field and is an internationally respected expert. She is the recipient of the 2012 Academy for Eating Disorders Leadership Award for Clinical, Administrative or Educational Service.
Bryan Lask is Emeritus Professor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at the University of London, Honorary Consultant at Great Ormond Street Hospital and Academic Director at the Ellern Mede Centre, London. He is Immediate Past-President of the Eating Disorders Research Society and recipient of a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Academy for Eating Disorders.
eBook