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As Wall Street rose to dominate the U.S. economy, income and pay inequalities in America came to dance to the tune of the credit cycle. As the reach of financial markets extended across the globe, interest rates, debt, and debt crises became the dominant forces driving the rise of economic inequality almost everywhere. Thus the “super-bubble” that investor George Soros identified in rich countries for the two decades after 1980 was a super-crisis for the 99 percent—not just in the U.S. but the entire world. This book demonstrates that finance is the driveshaft that links inequality to economic instability. The book challenges those, mainly on the right, who see mysterious forces of technology behind rising inequality. And it also challenges those, mainly on the left, who have placed the blame narrowly on trade and outsourcing. Inequality and Instability presents straightforward evidence that the rise of inequality mirrors the stock market in the U.S. and the rise of finance and of free-market policies elsewhere. Starting from the premise that fresh argument requires fresh evidence, this book brings new data to bear, presenting information built up over fifteen years in easily understood charts and tables. By measuring inequality at the right geographic scale, the book shows that more equal societies systematically enjoy lower unemployment. It shows how this plays out inside Europe, between Europe and the United States, and in modern China. It explains that the dramatic rise of inequality in the U.S. in the 1990s reflected a finance-driven technology boom that concentrated incomes in just five counties, very remote from the experience of most Americans—which helps explain why the political reaction was so slow to come. That the reaction is occurring now, however, is beyond doubt. In the aftermath of the Great Financial Crisis, inequality has become, in America and the world over, the central issue.

\"This book addresses the creative processes leading to biomedical innovation, identifies the obstacles and best practices of innovative laboratories, and supports the generation of impactful science. The author's discussion is based on relevant peer-reviewed original scientific publications, national statistics, historical archives, law and regulation, court cases and case studies of major discoveries and disappointments. By illuminating the outcomes of research, mapping major obstacles and hazards of applied research, advancing quality assurance and improvement, and charting the course leading to practical impact; the book provides a unique resource for developing professional competencies and applied skills of life sciences researchers\"-- Provided by publisher.

The Development Research in Practice handbook is the quintessential desk reference for empirical researchers, policymakers, managers, and students. It provides an introduction to modern, transparent, and ethical research practices involving development data.

For the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and its partners, the link between research and policy is of paramount importance in their goal to improve social, economic and environmental conditions in developing countries. The nature of the collaboration between researchers and decision-makers, however, is complex, multifaceted and often difficult to implement. Moreover, research is very often designed and carried out without regard for its potential users or beneficiaries. How should research agendas be developed? What is the role of the private sector in developing research? Which actors are involved in knowledge production and utilization? How can the dialogue between researchers and decision-makers be improved? This short and accessible book records the reflections, opinions and recommendations which emerged from six national workshops organised between 2004 and 2007 in West and Central Africa on the synergy between researchers and decision-makers. Abdoulaye Ndiaye is a Senegalese expert and international consultant in development. He edited this book as a member and on behalf of the IDRC Council of Regional Advisors for West and Central Africa which organized the series of workshops throughout the sub-region.

\"This book provides valuable insights into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) though a thorough examination of Saudi Vision 2030, a 15-year economic plan by the KSA to diversify its economy from a heavy dependence on hydrocarbon to knowledge-based resources. Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia: Vision 2030 discusses how this initiative will assist the government in achieving its envisioned goals by creating a culture of research, innovation and entrepreneurship. It studies the current state of play as well as new policies and reforms in Saudi Arabia which encompass education systems, ICT infrastructure, and a vibrant innovation landscape that includes academia, the public and private sector, and civil society. The authors present a number of real-life case studies as a model of inspiration for cross-sector development. The book provides a source of inspiration for other developing nations in studying the KSA's determined and ambitious plans as a country in a transitioning journey, from a natural resources-based economy towards a knowledge-based country with considerable diversification in all sectors. This book provides a useful reference for students, researchers, policy and decision makers in understanding Saudi innovation and the economic diversification ecosystem\"-- Provided by publisher.

Development studies textbooks and courses have sometimes tended to avoid significant economic content. However, without an understanding of the economic aspects of international development many of the more complex issues cannot be fully comprehended. Economics and Development Studies makes the economic dimension of discourse around controversial issues in international development accessible to second and third year undergraduate students working towards degrees in development studies. Following an introductory chapter outlining the connections between development economics and development studies, this book consists of eight substantive chapters dealing with the nature of development economics, economic growth and structural change, economic growth and developing countries, economic growth and economic development since 1960, the global economy and the Third World, developing countries and international trade, economics and development policy, and poverty, equality and development economists, with a tenth concluding chapter. This book synthesizes existing development economics literature in order to identify the salient issues and controversies and make them accessible and understandable. The concern is to distinguish differences within the economics profession, and between economists and non-economists, so that the reader can make informed judgments about the sources of these differences, and about their impact on policy analysis and policy advice. The book features explanatory text boxes, tables and diagrams, suggestions for further reading, and a listing of the economic concepts used in the chapters. \"For far too long students of development studies have found economics, particularly its mainstream variant, to be arcane and inaccessible due to barriers of language and method. Instead of absorbing and at times confronting the discipline, many students have side-stepped important economic issues. Economics, in turn, has been able to dismiss insights from development studies as outside their field. Tribe, Nixson and Sumner have written a highly accessible new volume that goes beyond the dogma of mainstream economics to incorporate the richness and diversity of the field of development economics. Their book will undoubtedly create a new level of economic literacy in the next generation of development studies students and contribute to an improved dialogue of the disciplines.\" Howard Stein, Professor, University of Michigan. \"Most development studies texts shy away from discussing economics in any real depth, but this one does not. It provides the reader with a rigorous, but accessible - and critical - account of the importance of economics to the study of development, and is highly recommended.\" Professor Ray Kiely, School of Politics and International Relations, Queen Mary University of London. \"A wonderful resource for anyone wanting to think rigorously about national and international policy for human development, this book brings key elements of development economics in accessible language. The book synthesizes much of the best thinking and lessons of best practice in the last half century of international development.\" Sakiko Fukuda-Parr, Professor, Graduate Program in International Affairs, The New School, New York. Chapter 1 – Development Economics and Development Studies Chapter 2 – The Nature of Development Economics Chapter 3 – Economic Growth and Structural Change Chapter 4 – Economic Growth and Developing Countries Chapter 5 – Economic Growth and Economic Development Since 1960 Chapter 6 – The Global Economy and the Third World Chapter 7 – Developing Countries and International Trade Chapter 8 – Economics and Development Policy Chapter 9 – Poverty, Inequality and Development Economists Chapter 10 – Conclusion Michael Tribe is a development economist whose principal overseas research, consultancy and teaching experience has been in sub-Saharan Africa, in Uganda and Ghana in particular, over four decades. He has been the Honorary Secretary of the UK and Ireland Development Studies Association since 2000. Frederick Nixson is Emeritus Professor of Development Economics at the University of Manchester. His research interests span macroeconomic policy, aid, industrialisation strategies and experiences, privatisation, the Asian transitional economies and poverty. Andy Sumner is a fellow of the Vulnerability and Poverty Research Team at the Institute of Development Studies. He is a cross-disciplinary economist with primary foci of interest in child poverty and wellbeing; poverty indicators, concepts, methods, approaches; and the politics of policy processes.

On the business success of International Development Research Centre as an institution.

Any student, academic or practitioner wanting to succeed in development studies, radical or mainstream, must understand the World Bank's role and the evolution of its thinking and activities. The Political Economy of Development provides tools for gaining this understanding and applies them across a range of topics. The research, practice and scholarship of development are always set against the backdrop of the World Bank, whose formidable presence shapes both development practice and thinking. This book brings together academics that specialise in different subject areas of development and reviews their findings in the context of the World Bank as knowledge bank, policy-maker and financial institution. The volume offers a compelling contribution to our understanding of development studies and of development itself. The Political Economy of Development is an invaluable critical resource for students, policy-makers and activists in development studies.