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Developmental projects have long been displacing people in large numbers every year, but it is only in recent years that the fate of those adversely affected has become an issue of widespread concern requiring urgent action. This volume is the scholarly exploration of these critical issues in a wider perspective, examining resettlement policies as well as resettlement strategies, their strengths, their weaknesses, the persisting gap between policy and its actual practice and the means to improve resettlement outcomes. This volume is well-structured into four parts: (a) Displacement and Resettlement in Developmental Projects (b) Re-examining Resettlement Policies (c) Addressing Resettlement Concerns and (d) Resettlement in a Globalizing World. It goes beyond the common description of resettlement problems and attempts at gaining a deeper understanding of resettlement realities. In a separate section, the book discusses the hotly debated current issues of resettlement policy and practice in the context of globalization. The volume contains original case studies which will bring to academic and policy tables a body of important new ideas that will stimulate debates and also hopefully change and improve current practices. The contributors to this volume are eminent scholars, including some who have played a vital role in shaping resettlement policies as well as in implementing projects at the grassroots level.

The world seems to have recently discovered India and China as major players in Asia, and political and economic connections between the two countries are rapidly growing.Beyond the fashionable phenomenon, the two countries have much in common and many shared experiences.

Compulsory land acquisition and involuntary displacement of communities for a larger public purpose captures the tension of development in the modern state, with the need to balance the interests of the majority while protecting the rights of the minority. In India, informal estimates of involuntary resettlement are estimated to be around 50 million people over the last five decades, and three-fourths of those displaced still face an uncertain future. Growing public concern over the long-term consequences of this has led to greater scrutiny of the rehabilitation and resettlement process, particularly for large development projects. This book examines a number of new policy formulations put in place at both the central and state levels, looking at land acquisition procedures and norms for rehabilitation and resettlement of communities. The book combines a theoretical analysis of the proposed regulatory framework with detailed case studies that examine the application of these norms in specific geographic contexts across the country. It brings together contributory analysis by some of the country's most engaged administrators, academics, and activists in the field, and is a useful contribution to Development Studies.

What if development agencies and researchers are not driven by policy? Suppose that the things that make for 'good policy' - policy that legitimises and mobilises political support - in reality make it impossible to implement? By focusing in detail on the unfolding activities of a development project in western India over more than ten years, as it falls under different policy regimes, this book takes a close look at the relationship between policy and practice in development. David Mosse shows how the actions of development workers are shaped by the exigencies of organisations and the need to maintain relationships rather than by policy; but also that development actors work hardest of all to maintain coherent representations of their actions as instances of authorised policy. Raising unfamiliar questions, Mosse provides a rare self-critical reflection on practice, while refusing to endorse current post-modern dismissal of development.

Introduction There have been many calls globally to intentionally incorporate equity-oriented practices into health research to effectively tackle structural inequalities and prevent the creation of new ones. Several toolkits, guidelines, and training modules have emerged to help research teams integrate equity into research conduct. The adoption of these resources and conversion to practice is varied. Developing a deeper understanding of what these variations are and what drives them may help improve both tools and practice in the global research space. Our aim was to document lessons from diverse ongoing public health research projects on how equity is integrated across research stages, what this entails, and what challenges remain. Methods Following an institute-wide appraisal process, we identified five research projects carried out from a networked group of research institutes in India and Australia that offered lessons on addressing equity in the conduct of research. We developed five case studies of these projects using an equity in research heuristic by carrying out 22 in depth interviews and one yarning session (an indigenous knowledge generation and exchange method). We spoke with Principal Investigators, research team members, partner organization members, and community representatives. The interviews covered various aspects, such as the context of the study, team building, study design, and analysis. We asked both about strategies for as well as challenges faced when embedding equity into research processes and phases. We analyzed the transcripts using ATLAS.ti version 23, relying on a deductive coding approach aligned with an existing 8quity heuristic. Results Across stages of a research project, efforts were made to integrate equity considerations in all five of our case studies, whether explicitly equity focused ( N  = 2) or not ( N  = 3). All studies attempted to locate research in context. For non-equity focussed studies, this was done even when not desired by donors; it was common across project types to have longstanding engagement in particular communities and topic areas. This in turn shaped the formulation of research questions. Equity focused projects invested in inclusion of community members as research team members, while other forms of diversity were prioritised by other teams. All studies placed emphasis on capacity strengthening–for team members (especially those newly joining and not from the community), community members, and health providers. Governance of studies employed strategies like being embedded/living in communities, ensuring engagement (on weekends and evenings), and informal outreach, even as this was sometimes challenging to operationalise. Equity focused projects were concerned with power and coloniality and made explicit efforts to reflect upon and address this. Analysis across studies was concerned with disaggregated analysis; in equity studies, intersectionality approaches were adopted, as was foregrounding indigenous research methods and ensuring respect in attribution of analysis. Marshalling science for better health and greater social justice was a proposition common to all studies, although equity focused studies focused not just on the “what” of their question, but the “how” of conducting research. Impact was an imperative of all case studies, research was seen with a long -term view; the research institution itself having to change to support equity focused and equity in projects. Conclusion Case studies of equity integration in research revealed strategies as well as challenges. Many strategies as well as challenges were shared across studies, whether focused on health equity as a topic or not. Overall equity-focused projects had more leeway to focus on process related aspects within study scope, although all studies found ways to change “how” research was done. There is a critical need to frame equity integration not merely as an individual project exercise, but also something that requires institutional backstopping and support.

This book deals with the controversies on developmental aspects of large dams, with a particular focus on the Narmada Valley projects in India. Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork and research, the author draws on Marxist theory to craft a detailed analysis of how local demands for resettlement and rehabilitation were transformed into a radical anti-dam campaign linked to national and transnational movement networks. The book explains the Narmada conflict and addresses how the building of the anti-dam campaign was animated by processes of collective learning, how activists extended the spatial scope of their struggle by building networks of solidarity with transnational advocacy groups, and how it is embedded in and shaped by a wider field of force of capitalist development at national and transnational scales. The analysis emphasizes how the Narmada dam project is related to national and global processes of capitalist development, and relates the Narmada Valley movement to contemporary popular struggles against dispossession in India and beyond. Conclusions drawn from the resistance to the Narmada dams can be applied to social movements in other parts of the Global South, where people are struggling against dispossession in a context of neoliberal restructuring. As such, this book will have relevance for people with an interest in South Asian studies, Indian politics and Development Studies. 1. The River and the Rage: Introducing the Narmada Valley Conflict 2. Losing Ground: Accumulation by Dispossession in the Narmada Valley 3. Everyday Tyranny and Rightful Resistance: The Emergence of the Khedut Mazdoor Chetna Sangath 4. Discovering the Dam: Militant Particularist Struggles for Resettlement and Rehabilitation 5. Towards Opposition: The Formation of the Anti-Dam Campaign 6. Cycles of Struggle: The Trajectory of the Anti-Dam Campaign 1990-2000 7. Enablements and Constraints: The Making of the Maheshwar Anti-Dam Campaign 8. Development, Not Destruction: Alternative Development as a Social Movement Project 9. Whither the Rage? Learning from the Narmada Valley Movement Process Alf Gunvald Nilsen is a postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Sociology, University of Bergen, Norway. His research interests cover social movement theory and research, critical development research, and Marxist approaches to the political economy of capitalist development – all with special reference to India and South Asia. A Discussion Forum has been set up for this title. To add or read comments visit http://www.theriverandtherage.org/ \"This book is an exemplary analysis of an important social movement against a major dam project in post-colonial India... the book is a theoretically and empirically rich study of one of the most significant movements against neoliberal globalisation, and will surely inform future studies of movements in the developing world.\" - Manali Desai, London School of Economics, UK Capital & Class, 2011 \"The author has written a devastating critique of current economic planning in India. In many ways we need such an authoritative feeling analysis to validate what might otherwise seem the strident opposition of Arundhati Roy to Indian capitalism today. It provides a very disturbing insight into the cost of globalisation.\" - Antony Copley, Honorary Senior Research Fellow, University of Kent; Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society \"Nilsen reminds us that the possibility of radical social change ultimately lies in building alliances between different social movements, in developing a capacity for counter-hegemony and posing systemic challenges to the present socio-historical totality.\" - Budhaditya Das, Department of Social Work, University of Delhi; Economic and Political Weekly

Background Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP) was started as a Public-Private-Partnership between the Indian Council of Medical Research through National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh and Foundation of Disease Elimination and Control of India, which is a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative of the Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited. The project’s goal was to demonstrate that malaria can be eliminated from a high malaria endemic district along with prevention of re-establishment of malaria and to develop a model for malaria elimination using the lessons learned and knowledge acquired from the demonstration project. Methods The project employed tested protocols of robust surveillance, case management, vector control, and capacity building through continuous evaluation and training.  The model was developed using the learnings from the operational plan, surveillance and case management, monitoring and feedback, entomological investigations and vector control, IEC and capacity building, supply chain management, mobile application (SOCH), and independent reviews of MEDP. Results The MEDP has been operational since April 2017 with field operations from August 2017, and has observed: (1) reduction in indigenous cases of malaria by about 91 %; (2) need for training and capacity building of field staff for diagnosis and treatment of malaria; (3) need for improvement insecticide spraying and for distribution and usage of bed-nets; (4) need for robust surveillance system that captures and documents information on febrile cases, RDT positive individuals, and treatments provided; (5) need for effective supervision of field staff based on advance tour plan; (6) accountability and controls from the highest level to field workers; and (7) need for context-specific IEC. Conclusions Malaria elimination is a high-priority public health goal of the Indian Government with a committed deadline of 2030. In order to achieve this goal, built-in systems of accountability, ownership, effective management, operational, technical, and financial controls will be crucial components for malaria elimination in India. This manuscript presents a model for malaria elimination with district as an operational unit, which may be considered for malaria elimination in India and other countries with similar geography, topography, climate, endemicity, health infrastructure, and socio-economic characteristics.

The Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) of the World Bank has undertaken impact evaluations of the Bank’s support to irrigation in Andhra Pradesh, India (under AP Irrigation II and III), and of the U.K. Department for International Development supported Rural Livelihoods Project (RLP).This is one of a series of IEG impact evaluations (see appendix H). IEG’s program of impact evaluation is in part carried out under a Department for International Development–IEG partnership agreement; hence the focus on RLP. However, survey villages are also covered by the Bank supported DPIP project, so that the findings are also relevant to this project.

Background Stakeholder engagement is increasingly crucial in healthcare research, particularly in diverse and complex settings such as India. Stakeholder engagement in health research is about collaborating with key parties such as patients, healthcare providers and policymakers to ensure the research is relevant and impactful by addressing real-world needs, thereby enhancing its quality and effect on healthcare practices. Aim The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence on stakeholder engagement in healthcare research and its influence on research outcomes and healthcare policies in India. Methods The evaluation was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, ProQuest, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL Indian Citation Index and J-Gate, focussing on stakeholder involvement in healthcare settings in hospitals and communities in India. Various research methodologies were employed, with studies not centred on healthcare stakeholder engagement or unrelated sectors being excluded. Tools such as the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies and the mixed methods appraisal tool were used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Data synthesis was carried out using the descriptive/narrative synthesis approach. Results We included 25 articles on the basis of our eligibility criteria. These articles comprised reviews, theories of change, quantitative studies, reports, mapping, commentaries, conference proceedings, qualitative studies, experience papers and mixed methods research. The review examined different types and methods of engaging stakeholders in healthcare research projects, evaluated their influence on evidence-based practice, and investigated their relevance to reaching “hard-to-reach” populations. Overcoming financial, time, knowledge and logistical barriers and gaining support from international and governmental bodies can lead to more inclusive research with a significant impact. Conclusions Findings suggest that stakeholder engagement contributes to more contextually relevant and ethically grounded research, though challenges related to power dynamics, resource allocation and inclusivity remain prevalent. The review concludes by providing recommendations for enhancing stakeholder engagement practices in future healthcare research in India, emphasizing the need for capacity-building and inclusive frameworks that ensure diverse voices are represented.

A much-needed post-facto evaluation of one of the most controversial projects in recent history-the Sardar Sarovar Project Built across the Narmada River, the Sardar Sarovar Project has faced a multitude of economic, financial, social, and environmental challenges since its inception. Its environmental and socioeconomic impacts, as also the net costs and benefits, have been at the center of controversies leading to many protests in recent times. This book argues that, if properly implemented, such a large project provides a unique opportunity to improve the quality of life of millions of people, who in most cases live in disadvantageous situations. The book also tracks the history of rehabilitation and resettlement of people displaced from the Narmada valley to examine how their socioeconomic and cultural life has changed over time.