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PurposeRapid advancements in blockchain technology transform various sectors, attracting the attention of industrialists, practitioners, policymakers and academics, and profoundly affect construction businesses through smart contracts and crypto-economics. This paper explores the blockchain innovation ecosystem in construction.Design/methodology/approachThrough a qualitative study of 23 diverse interviewees, the study explores how open or closed the blockchain innovation ecosystem in construction is and who its emerging orchestrators are.FindingsThe data showed that construction aims towards an open innovation blockchain ecosystem, although there are elements of hybridisation and closedness, each system pointing out to different orchestrators.Practical implicationsThe study has implications for governments and large companies in construction, showing that open innovation initiatives need to be encouraged by policymakers through rules, regulations and government-sponsored demonstrator projects.Social implicationsThe data showed that there is lack of readiness for business model change to support open innovation blockchain ecosystems in construction.Originality/valueThis is the first study applying the open innovation theory in the construction industry and sheds light into the phenomenon of blockchain, suggesting routes for further democratisation of the technology for policymakers and practitioners.

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in developing innovation ecosystems within targeted industry sectors to enhance national industry capabilities. However, academic discussions on innovation ecosystems within a sectoral context are notably lacking. Past research has primarily focused on innovation ecosystems centered around a single organization, initiated and led by the same organization. This study aims to address this gap by examining the enablers of sectoral innovation ecosystems (SIE) development. A systematic literature review was conducted using 57 empirical studies from the Web of Science database between 2010-2023. The study proposes a conceptual framework with three critical enablers for developing SIE: (1) Structural configurations (structural constructs and structural alignment), (2) capabilities (organizational capabilities and ecosystem capabilities), and (3) interactions (nature of interactions and drivers of interactions). This framework provides a comprehensive understanding of how sectoral innovation ecosystems can be structured and managed to enhance industry capabilities. The study underscores the pivotal role of intermediary organizations in orchestrating SIE development, highlighting their importance in facilitating interactions and aligning structures within the ecosystem. By advocating for the complementary use of structure-based and coevolution-based approaches, the study offers a dual perspective that enriches the theoretical understanding of SIE. The systematic literature review concludes with recommendations for future research, providing a pathway for further exploration of SIE.

ABSTRACT Objective: the study aims to address the central research question: How do digital capabilities impact the performance of digital businesses? We explore digital capabilities in the context of digital transformation, enhancing the understanding of this phenomenon for businesses through dynamic capability theory and defining digital capabilities based on previous studies. Methods: these capabilities are presented in the research model. A survey was conducted with 308 digital businesses, and the hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Results: this paper demonstrates the significant impact of digital capabilities on business performance, providing evidence that ecosystem orchestration capability is a precursor to other capabilities. Conclusions: we conclude that a critical factor for a digital business’s success is its responsiveness. Digital capabilities are essential for a company’s success in the new digital business landscape. Additionally, digital technologies enable entrepreneurs to create innovations that cross traditional industry boundaries, integrating digital and non-digital assets and scaling new ventures with new products, services, and business models. This study is valuable for managers to direct investments in digital technologies, integrate stakeholders, and respond quickly to customer demands to enhance performance.

The resurgence of urban manufacturing presents new opportunities for innovative governance and planning strategies, especially in fostering circular economy practices and localized resource flows. A key challenge, however, is how ecosystems of heterogeneous actors, including manufacturers, designers, waste managers, and residents, can effectively collaborate to advance circular production and consumption at the local level. Addressing this challenge requires a renewed approach to thinking about intermediation and ecosystem management in urban planning practice. This article proposes that new technology in the form of digital platforms offers a critical governance tool to facilitate and coordinate such complex ecosystems. Drawing on industrial management literature, particularly the concept of platform ecosystem orchestration, we develop a typology of orchestration strategies used by circular fashion platforms and analyze how each type coordinates participant interactions to support localized resource flows. Our focus is on the fashion and textile sectors, which present significant opportunities to keep clothes and textiles circulating at their highest value within the city's economy. Our analysis of circular fashion platforms identifies four main types of platform orchestration: marketplaces for residual textile exchange, supply chains for textile recycling, cross-sector networking, and supply chain data analytics. We examine the orchestration dimensions of platform orchestration, the varying degrees of localized interactions they generate, and opportunities to further enhance socio-spatial outcomes through platform orchestration. Overall, this exploratory study aims to foster future dialogues on the potential of digital platforms as governance tools for building sustainable and inclusive productive cities. Keywords circular economy; circular fashion; circular manufacturing; digital platform; ecosystem orchestration; productive city; urban manufacturing

PurposeThere is a need to understand value co-creation in service ecosystems that engage multiple actors with different goals. This study aims to extend the understanding of value co-creation by considering the orchestration of service ecosystems with reference to resource-integration processes.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory case study approach is used to analyze actors' roles in resource orchestration within a service ecosystem, gathering data from the macro, meso and micro levels of an Italian hospitality and tourism services ecosystem.FindingsA framework is devised that highlights the intersection between orchestration and resource integration for value co-creation processes across the macro, meso and micro levels in service ecosystems. This extends the understanding of service ecosystem dynamics, especially how new value co-creation structures emerge, by emphasizing the circular causality between system levels. Findings show how orchestrating resource integration activities initiate and institutionalize non-linear value co-creation processes.Practical implicationsResource integration orchestration within and between ecosystem levels is a possible response to societal challenges and for creating economic, cultural and social value across the community. The study offers policymakers insights into developing new competencies for developing actions according to a logic of socially and sustainable value.Originality/valueThis study advances the understanding of service orchestration by expanding the concept and the feasibility of service ecosystem orchestration. It offers insights into the importance of orchestrating resource integration to the emergence and vitality of service ecosystems themselves. The study responds to the need for empirical studies on value co-creation.

With the eIDAS 2.0 legislation, the European Union seeks to establish a digital identity data ecosystem and to empower citizens to manage digital credentials from various sources through an ID wallet interface. To achieve this, governments must develop holistic orchestration models integrating technical, regulatory, and economic perspectives. This approach will foster ecosystem value creation, address orchestration tensions, and design sustainable operating models for various ecosystem actors. While IS research has explored private-sector governance mechanisms in platform and data ecosystems, a research gap exists in understanding public–private orchestration where governments act as orchestrators. We address this through a structured document analysis of 80 position papers from various stakeholders participating in a public government consultation process and 14 semi-structured in-depth interviews. By examining ecosystem value creation mechanisms, orchestration tensions, and monetization challenges, we identify two government orchestration standard types for the ID wallet provision. The Government ID-Infrastructure Wallet model embodies an ecosystem-integrated public infrastructure, while the Trust ID Wallet Federation exemplifies a dynamic and competition-driven approach. By bridging the self-sovereign identity ecosystem paradigm with digital identity infrastructure research, our work contributes to the understanding and theoretical development of data ecosystems and digital identity research from a government perspective.

This article examines how digital innovation ecosystems have emerged as strategic institutions of power in contemporary world politics. It argues that, unlike Cold War technological rivalries driven by centralized, state-led control, today’s digital competition depends on states’ capacity to orchestrate scalable, multistakeholder ecosystems. Using a cultural–institutional framework, we explain how differences in strategic culture and institutional governance impact the ecosystem’s vitality and performance. A qualitative comparative analysis of the United States, China, and Russia reveals that constructive orchestration, aligning state institutions with generative, commercial-to-national innovation flows, enhances digital leadership, whereas rigid, obstructive governance limits it. This highlights ecosystem governance as a critical dimension of statecraft in the digital age. The findings underscore that the positions of great powers in the global technological hierarchy depend not only on resources or capabilities but also on the effectiveness of ecosystem governance as an evolving instrument of geopolitical power.

PurposeThis study proposes a distinct ecosystem orchestration concept, with the idea to address some of the technology and value proposition uncertainties that can occur during the birth phase of an innovation ecosystem linked to its actor’s relation with each other as well as policymakers and customers. In order to better explain the proposed orchestration concept, Mobility as a Service (MaaS), a technological and social complex, innovative ecosystem, was chosen.Design/methodology/approachThe suggested touring orchestrating model emerges by utilizing multiple case study analyses, focusing on ecosystem construct, orchestration mechanism, and various actors of five selected mobility as service use cases, each presenting one category with unique characteristics. The analysis is complemented by a multi-vocal literature review (MLR) of secondary data.FindingsThe study findings reveal substantial barriers to successful collaboration between innovation ecosystem actors, using traditional ways of orchestrating the ecosystem due to competition and unwillingness to invest for the benefit of others or risk of losing their customer base to competitors by joining a MaaS ecosystem, particularly when a new actor as orchestrator is onboarded. Additionally, there is a need to increase incentives and to enhance offerings in order to generate demand and attract stakeholders toward a new innovation ecosystem like MaaS.Research limitations/implicationsMost of the models reviewed in this study are predominantly successful examples of mobility as a service originating from northern Europe and the Baltic region, potentially shaped by the characteristics of these markets. This regional focus represents a limitation of the study. Furthermore, the study’s conceptual nature and lack of practical testing and empirical data support are additional limitations which could be addressed in future research through empirical investigation. The results of this study could assist in shaping future research and contribute to the development of more effective orchestration models and stakeholder management frameworks for managing innovation ecosystems across different industry contexts.Practical implicationsThe proposed touring orchestration model (TOM) provides insights not only for the actors in transportation industry but also for providers in other industries; on how to manage uncertainties and risks tied to technology and value proposition while advancing seamless cross-firm collaboration with other market actors during the formation of an innovation ecosystem. It can also facilitate the emergence of unexplored cross-industry business models by leveraging various data-sharing frameworks. The proposed model can also streamline processes and lower costs for policymakers in encouraging transportation and mobility providers to participate in MaaS, as it reduces risks and can offer greater financial advantages for these stakeholders.Originality/valueThe findings of this study enhance the evolving ecosystem literature by exploring orchestration amid technological and value proposition uncertainties. Additionally, this study contributes to the expanding research on MaaS business models and ecosystem orchestration by leveraging data as a service-sharing model.

Purpose This study aims to define orchestrator roles and related orchestration capabilities in the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) to understand how companies (especially small and medium-sized enterprises and startups) could benefit from the surrounding ecosystem to develop their business. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study of the regional ecosystem built around health technology is researched to get an in-depth understanding of the orchestration roles taken by actors in the ecosystem and, likewise, related bundles of orchestrator role-specific capabilities. Findings Altogether, eight roles and related orchestration capabilities are defined. First, “opinion leaders,” “business facilitators” and “regulation informants” provide resources for participants. Second, “relationship promoters,” “coordinators” and “commanders” create prerequisites for collaboration. Finally, “integrators” and “complementors” help to create concrete offerings. The roles taken can be simultaneous, and they are in constant change as positions and resources of actors change. Research limitations/implications Theoretically, this study contributes to the existing EE and orchestration capability research by studying orchestrator roles and related capabilities in the context of an entrepreneurial health tech ecosystem, a phenomenon that has not received sufficient research attention yet. Practical implications Managers will be able to use the lessons learned from this study in understanding, using and developing their capabilities, positions and activities in the network. For policymakers, understanding EE reality and dynamics is useful when developing policies for regional growth, likewise in constructing and developing industrial ecosystems to support entrepreneurship in the region. Originality/value The study provides novel in-depth knowledge of orchestration in regional, EEs. It complements the currently dominating conceptual research and brings a micro-level perspective that has mostly been lacking in EE studies.

The development of a Fintech ecosystem offers significant socio-economic benefits, such as promoting financial inclusion, reducing transaction costs, improving efficiency, and increasing entrepreneurial activities. However, research on the initial establishment of Fintech ecosystems, especially in resource-constrained settings, is limited. This study, set in Visakhapatnam, India, examines the processes involved in establishing a frugal Fintech ecosystem. Our research extends the resource orchestration framework for frugal Fintech ecosystem development by introducing five unique sub-processes: bricolaging, prioritizing, emulating, extrapolating, and sandboxing. These sub-processes provide a comprehensive understanding of how resources can be managed and utilized effectively. For practitioners, our study offers an empirically based guide to the initial establishment of a Fintech ecosystem. Policymakers can use our framework to design and implement regulatory models tailored to their specific environmental uncertainties, fostering growth and sustainability in Fintech ecosystems.