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The field of educational research lacks a methodology for the study of learning that does not begin with humans, their aims, and their interests. The Materiality of Learning seeks to overcome this human-centered mentality by developing a novel spatial approach to the materiality of learning. Drawing on science and technology studies (STS), Estrid Sørensen compares an Internet-based 3D virtual environment project in a fourth-grade class with the class's work with traditional learning materials, including blackboards, textbooks, notebooks, pencils, and rulers. Taking into account pupils' and teachers' physical bodies, Professor Sørensen analyzes the multiple forms of technology, knowledge, and presence that are enacted with the materials. Featuring detailed ethnographic descriptions and useful end-of-chapter summaries, this book is an important reference for professionals and graduate or postgraduate students interested in a variety of fields, including educational studies, educational psychology, social anthropology, and STS.

Part of the NOW Classrooms series. Developed specifically for grades K-2, this resource presents classroom-ready lessons that support the ISTE Standards for Students (NET standards). Use the lessons, which focus on four essential skills (communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity), to take instruction and learning to the next level through the use of technology. Each chapter includes strategies for developing authentic learning experiences and ends with discussion questions for personal reflection. Integrate digital learning and support the ISTE Standards (formerly National Educational Technology Standards for Students or NETS): * Understand that real transformational change results from teaching and learning, not ever-changing digital devices. * Give students opportunities to exercise their voice, choice, and creativity using multimedia and digital tools. * Implement practical novice-, operational-, and wow-level lessons and tips for using digital tools in classroom lessons. * Foster digital citizenship, helping students keep themselves and their data safe online and make ethical decisions on the Internet. * Learn how to get students communicating, collaborating, innovating, and thinking critically in grade K-2 classroom lessons. Contents: Chapter 1: Learning Technology Operations and Concepts Chapter 2: Embracing Creativity Chapter 3: Communicating and Collaborating Chapter 4: Conducting Research and Curating Information Chapter 5: Thinking Critically to Solve Problems Chapter 6: Being Responsible Digital Citizens Chapter 7: Expanding Technology and Coding Concepts Epilogue Appendix References and Resources Books in the NOW Classrooms series: * NOW Classrooms, Leader's Guide * NOW Classrooms, Grades K-2 * NOW Classrooms, Grades 3-5 * NOW Classrooms, Grades 6-8 * NOW Classrooms, Grades 9-12

Programming in the Primary Grades demystifies teaching core content through programming.Without becoming a step by step guide, the text helps teachers visualize and implement learning activities that build on the engagement and excitement students' experience when they are programming.

Background The concept of e-Learning has been rapidly accepted as an important component of medical education and is especially adept at teaching clinical skills. However, their impact on learning, particularly in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) medical school curriculum, has yet to be adequately explored. The aim of this pilot study is to develop interactive e-Learning resources and evaluate their impact in enhancing OHNS teaching in medical school. Methods This pilot study is a randomized controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of e-Learning resources in enhancing the current traditional lecture and tutorial-based teaching of OHNS in medical school. Nineteen final-year medical students from the University of Sydney were recruited for this study, who were randomly allocated into intervention group with additional e-Learning resources (Group A) and control group (Group B). Student knowledge was assessed through objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) with use of standardized forms for objective scoring. Assessors were blinded to student randomization status. A post-study questionnaire was distributed to assess student feedback on the e-Learning resources. Results Eight students were allocated to Group A and 11 students to Group B. Group A performed significantly better than Group B in the overall examination scores (78.50 ± 13.88 v. 55.82 ± 8.23; P  = < 0.01). With the minimum pass mark of 65%, the majority of students in Group A was able to pass the OSCE assessments, while the majority of students in Group B failed (87.50% v. 9.10%; P  = 0.01). The post-test questionnaire on the e-Learning resources showed very favorable feedback from the students’ perspective. Conclusion Results from our pilot study suggests that the use of interactive online e-Learning resources can be a valuable adjunct in supplementing OHNS teaching in medical school, as they are readily accessible and allow flexible on-demand learning. Future studies involving large numbers of medical students are needed to validate these results.

AbstractObjective To test the effectiveness of educational interventions in improving detection rates and management of dementia in primary care.Design Unblinded, cluster randomised, before and after controlled study.Setting General practices in the United Kingdom (central Scotland and London) between 1999 and 2002.Interventions Three educational interventions: an electronic tutorial carried on a CD Rom; decision support software built into the electronic medical record; and practice based workshops.Participants 36 practices participated in the study. Eight practices were randomly assigned to the electronic tutorial; eight to decision support software; 10 to practice based workshops; and 10 to control. Electronic and manual searches yielded 450 valid and usable medical records.Main outcome measures Rates of detection of dementia and the extent to which medical records showed evidence of improved concordance with guidelines regarding diagnosis and management.Results Decision support software (P = 0.01) and practice based workshops (P = 0.01) both significantly improved rates of detection compared with control. There were no significant differences by intervention in the measures of concordance with guidelines.Conclusions Decision support systems and practice based workshops are effective educational approaches in improving detection rates in dementia.

To evaluate: (a) the effectiveness of an infographic poster compared with an e-learning program on general practice nurses’ knowledge about chronic kidney disease risk factors and best practice screening procedures and (b) the effectiveness of an infographic poster compared with an e-learning program on general practice nurses’ learning time and learning efficiency. The screening and early detection of chronic kidney disease is essential in reducing its burden on the health system and those affected by it. General practice nurses are well-positioned to assist in its early detection. Parallel-group, single-blinded, pre-post interventional randomised control design. This study was reported in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). Participants were registered or enrolled nurses working in general practice settings across Australia. The intervention group (n = 173) received an infographic poster about chronic kidney disease risk factors and best practice screening procedures, whereas the control group (n = 170) received an interactive e-learning program. Data were collected using an 8-item pre-post knowledge evaluation instrument. Time spent learning were collected through a self-reported log and a login/logout method. The overall intervention effect demonstrated no statistical significance in knowledge scores from the baseline scores between the intervention and control group. The intervention group demonstrated higher learning efficiency in comparison to the control group. The study demonstrated an infographic poster is as effective as an e-learning program on improving knowledge scores. However, in comparison to an e-learning program, an infographic poster is a more efficient way of learning. Infographic posters can be an efficient educational modality to enhance healthcare professionals’ knowledge and could be used as public health campaigns in clinical settings to educate the community.

In this meta-analysis, we investigated the effects of methods for providing item-based feedback in a computer-based environment on students' learning outcomes. From 40 studies, 70 effect sizes were computed, which ranged from –0.78 to 2.29. A mixed model was used for the data analysis. The results show that elaborated feedback (EF; e.g., providing an explanation) produced larger effect sizes (0.49) than feedback regarding the correctness of the answer (KR; 0.05) or providing the correct answer (KCR; 0.32). EF was particularly more effective than KR and KCR for higher order learning outcomes. Effect sizes were positively affected by EF feedback, and larger effect sizes were found for mathematics compared with social sciences, science, and languages. Effect sizes were negatively affected by delayed feedback timing and by primary and high school. Although the results suggested that immediate feedback was more effective for lower order learning than delayed feedback and vice versa, no significant interaction was found.

Electronic learning (e-learning) through mobile technology represents a novel way to teach emergent otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery (ORL-HNS) disorders to undergraduate medical students. Whether a cognitive style of education combined with learning modules can impact learning outcomes and satisfaction in millennial medical students is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of cognitive styles and learning modules using mobile e-learning on knowledge gain, competence gain, and satisfaction for emergent ORL-HNS disorders. This randomized controlled trial included 60 undergraduate medical students who were novices in ORL-HNS at an academic teaching hospital. The cognitive style of the participants was assessed using the group embedded figures test. The students were randomly assigned (1:1) to a novel interactive multimedia (IM) group and conventional Microsoft PowerPoint show (PPS) group matched by age, sex, and cognitive style. The content for the gamified IM module was derived from and corresponded to the textbook-based learning material of the PPS module (video lectures). The participants were unblinded and used fully automated courseware containing the IM or PPS module on a 7-inch tablet for 100 min. Knowledge and competence were assessed using multiple-choice questions and multimedia situation tests, respectively. Each participant also rated their global satisfaction. All of the participants (median age 23 years, range 22-26 years; 36 males and 24 females) received the intended intervention after randomization. Overall, the participants had significant gains in knowledge (median 50%, interquartile range [IQR]=17%-80%, P<.001) and competence (median 13%, IQR=0%-33%, P=.006). There were no significant differences in knowledge gain (40%, IQR=13%-76% vs 60%, IQR=20%-100%, P=.42) and competence gain (0%, IQR= -21% to 38% vs 25%, IQR=0%-33%, P=.16) between the IM and PPS groups. However, the IM group had a higher satisfaction score (8, IQR=6-9 vs 6, IQR=4-7, P=.01) compared with the PPS group. Using Friedman's two-way nonparametric analysis of variance, cognitive styles (field-independent, field-intermediate, or field-dependent classification) and learning modules (IM or PPS) had significant effects on both knowledge gain (both adjusted P<.001) and satisfaction (both adjusted P<.001). Mobile e-learning is an effective modality to improve knowledge of emergent ORL-HNS in millennial undergraduate medical students. Our findings suggest the necessity of developing various modules for undergraduate medical students with different cognitive styles. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02971735; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02971735 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6waoOpCEV).